postfix mysql sasl ssl linux 邮件服务器 搭建 笔记

基本上是按照 http://flurdy.com/docs/postfix 这个教程做的

推荐初次搭建邮件服务器的人看的书

 

LINUX系统管理技术手册（第2版）

POSTFIX权威指南

 

这2本书里面讲了很多邮件服务器方面的基本概念，不明白的话配置文件的时候简直像猜大小

 

 

 

写几点要注意的地方

 

 

ln -s    /tmp/mysql.sock  /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

 

配置postfix邮件系统要很多配置文件， 里面的某些配置文件里面是不会自动trim()的, 如：

xxx = mysql

有一个认证模块的配置文件里面我在mysql后面多了一个空格，结果log一直提示我mysql模块未安装，

其实它说的是'mysql  '模块，注意到没，引号里有一个空格，这个错误弄了老半天，最后在网上看到老外也提到了这点，才试着一个个去去除空格，结果就好了。。。

 

还有一个，就是配置ssl，生成证书的时候，他会让你写一些信息， 如下

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:sh
Locality Name (eg, city) []:pd
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:section
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:yourdomain.com
Email Address []:[email protected]

 

这里的Common Name一定要和你的邮件服务器的名字一样，其他无所谓， 这里也是碰壁了，网上查了才知道的，原文没有提到

 

 

最后就配置了mysql+postfix+sasl_ssl,配置文件记一下

 

vi /etc/mailname

mailserver.com

 

vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

readme_directory = no

# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/postfix/postfix.cert
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/postfix/postfix.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache


smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom

# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

myhostname = mailserver.com
myorigin = mailserver.com
relayhost =
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
mynetworks_style = host


local_recipient_maps =
mydestination =


alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000


smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =


smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit
smtpd_sender_restrictions =permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit
#smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit
smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining

# how long if undelivered before sending warning update to sender
delay_warning_time = 4h
# will it be a permanent error or temporary
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450
# how long to keep message on queue before return as failed.
# some have 3 days, I have 16 days as I am backup server for some people
# whom go on holiday with their server switched off.
maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d
# max and min time in seconds between retries if connection failed
minimal_backoff_time = 1000s
maximal_backoff_time = 8000s
# how long to wait when servers connect before receiving rest of data
smtp_helo_timeout = 60s
# how many address can be used in one message.
# effective stopper to mass spammers, accidental copy in whole address list
# but may restrict intentional mail shots.
smtpd_recipient_limit = 999
# how many error before back off.
smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3
# how many max errors before blocking it.
smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12

  vi /etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf

vi /etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf

vi /etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf

这3个文件没什么可说的 注意后面没有空格就好了

 

vi /etc/courier/authdaemonrc

authmodulelist="authmysql"
注意这个就好了 其他没改

 

vi /etc/courier/authmysqlrc

这个也是照着教程上的改就好了
注意的就是
MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD crypt
# MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD clear

 

vi /etc/courier/imapd

这里没改

 

vi /etc/default/saslauthd

START=yes
OPTIONS="-r -c  -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"
就改了这2个地方

 

vi /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf   这个文件就是空格事件的案发现场


pwcheck_method:saslauthd
mech_list: plain login cram-md5 digest-md5
log_level: 7
allow_plaintext: true
auxprop_plugin: mysql
sql_engine: mysql
sql_hostnames: 127.0.0.1
sql_user: admin
sql_passw: admin
sql_database: maildb
sql_select: select crypt from users where id='%u@%r' and enabled = 1

 

vi /etc/pam.d/smtp

 

auth required pam_mysql.so user=mail passwd=aPASSWORD host=127.0.0.1 db=maildb table=users usercolumn=id passwdcolumn=crypt crypt=1 
account sufficient pam_mysql.so user=mail passwd=aPASSWORD host=127.0.0.1 db=maildb table=users usercolumn=id passwdcolumn=crypt crypt=1

 

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf  这个是配ssl时改的

smtp      inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#submission inet n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
#  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
smtps     inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
  -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o smtpd_sasl_security_options=noanonymous,noplaintext
  -o smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options=noanonymous

 

配置amavis 基本上也是按照教程来的  然后用其他邮箱发邮件测试  看mail.log的输出 这里我就出了一个文件读取权限的错误 改

daemon_user 就好了

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/50-user

$mydomain = 'yourdomain';
$myhostname = 'yourdomain';
$daemon_user= 'amavis';
$daemon_group= 'amavis';
@local_domains_acl = qw(.);
$log_level = 1;
$syslog_priority = 'info';
$sa_kill_level_deflt = 8.0;
# triggers spam evasive actions
#$final_spam_destiny = D_PASS;
$final_spam_destiny = D_DISCARD;

 

vi /etc/postfix/master.cf

pickup    fifo  n       -       -       60      1       pickup
  -o content_filter=
  -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks


amavis unix - - - - 2 smtp
   -o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
   -o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes
   -o disable_dns_lookups=yes
   -o max_use=20


127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - - - - smtpd
   -o content_filter=
   -o local_recipient_maps=
   -o relay_recipient_maps=
   -o smtpd_restriction_classes=
   -o smtpd_delay_reject=no
   -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
   -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
   -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
   -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
   -o smtpd_data_restrictions=reject_unauth_pipelining
   -o smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions=
   -o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
   -o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0
   -o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001
   -o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000
   -o smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=0
   -o smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit=0
   -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks

 

vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

content_filter = amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024

 

vi /etc/amavis/conf.d/15-content_filter_mode

@bypass_virus_checks_maps = ( \%bypass_virus_checks, \@bypass_virus_checks_acl, \$bypass_virus_checks_re); 
@bypass_spam_checks_maps = ( \%bypass_spam_checks, \@bypass_spam_checks_acl, \$bypass_spam_checks_re);

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

在用javamail发邮件的时候出了问题  说 unable to find valid certification path to requested target

一看就是认证方面的

接着就上网找资料 重新配置认证文件，然后把认证文件导入到当前用到的jre\lib\security\cacerts中，

我很怀疑其实我原来的认证文件就可以的，只要导入到当前的jre中就可以

 

怎么导入呢

JDK/bin/keytool   -import   -file   mailcert.pem   -keystore   %java_home%/jre/lib/security/cacerts

这里会问密码  是 changeit  这个对jdk都是一样的  默认密码

这里要注意的是你的java运行的时候用的那个jre你就要导入到那个里去，mailcert.pem就是你mailserver用到的认证文件

 

 

 

===========================================================

配置认证文件

8.1 配置OpenSSL

8.1.1 制作root CA

1. 修改openssl配置文件

修改openssl配置文件：/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
将

1. dir            = ../../CA              # Where everything is kept

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改成

1. dir             = /etc/pki/CA           # Where everything is kept

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2. 安装CA的脚本

1. shell# yum install openssl-perl

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3. 生成Root CA

备份原有文件

1. shell# cd /etc/pki
2. shell# mv CA CA.bak

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生成Root CA

1. shell# cd /etc/pki/tls/misc/
2. shell# ./CA.pl -newca

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下面为脚本的输出

1. CA certificate filename (or enter to create)
2. 
   
3. Making CA certificate ...
4. Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
5. .....++++++
6. ...................................++++++
7. writing new private key to '../../CA/private/cakey.pem'
8. Enter PEM pass phrase:
9. Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:
10. -----
11. You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
12. into your certificate request.
13. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
14. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
15. For some fields there will be a default value,
16. If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
17. -----
18. Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]:CN
19. State or Province Name (full name) [Liaoning]:Liaoning
20. Locality Name (eg, city) [Dalian]: Dalian
21. Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:test dot com
22. Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:test   
23. Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:test
24. Email Address []:[email protected]
25. 
    
26. Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
27. to be sent with your certificate request
28. A challenge password []:
29. An optional company name []:
30. Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
31. Enter pass phrase for ../../CA/private/cakey.pem:
32. Check that the request matches the signature
33. Signature ok
34. Certificate Details:
35.         Serial Number:
36.             f4:60:02:37:19:43:e5:5e
37.         Validity
38.             Not Before: Dec  2 13:23:11 2009 GMT
39.             Not After : Dec  1 13:23:11 2012 GMT
40.         Subject:
41.             countryName               = CN
42.             stateOrProvinceName       = Liaoning
43.             organizationName          = test dot com
44.             organizationalUnitName    = test
45.             commonName                = test
46.             emailAddress              = [email protected]
47.         X509v3 extensions:
48.             X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
49.                 77:21:CF:21:FA:CA:2E:92:D1:7D:9D:D8:F9:7C:05:A1:EE:57:4A:DC
50.             X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
51.                 keyid:77:21:CF:21:FA:CA:2E:92:D1:7D:9D:D8:F9:7C:05:A1:EE:57:4A:DC
52.                 DirName:/C=CN/ST=Liaoning/O=test dot com/OU=test/CN=test/[email protected]
53.                 serial:F4:60:02:37:19:43:E5:5E
54. 
    
55.             X509v3 Basic Constraints:
56.                 CA:TRUE
57. Certificate is to be certified until Dec  1 13:23:11 2012 GMT (1095 days)
58. 
    
59. Write out database with 1 new entries
60. Data Base Updated

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8.1.2 生成私钥和req文件

1. 建立私钥目录

1. shell# mkdir /etc/pki/myca
2. shell# cd /etc/pki/myca

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2. 生成私钥和req文件

1. shell# openssl req -new -nodes -keyout mailkey.pem -out mailreq.pem -days 3650

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下面为输出内容：

1. Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
2. ....++++++
3. ....++++++
4. writing new private key to 'mailkey.pem'
5. -----
6. You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
7. into your certificate request.
8. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
9. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
10. For some fields there will be a default value,
11. If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
12. -----
13. Country Name (2 letter code) [CN]: CN
14. State or Province Name (full name) [Liaoning]: Liaoning
15. Locality Name (eg, city) [Dalian]: Dalian
16. Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:test dot com
17. Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:test
18. Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:test
19. Email Address []:[email protected]
20. 
    
21. Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
22. to be sent with your certificate request
23. A challenge password []:
24. An optional company name []:

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查看文件是否生成：

1. shell# cd /etc/pki/myca
2. shell# ls -l
3. total 8
4. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 887 Dec  2 21:28 mailkey.pem
5. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 700 Dec  2 21:28 mailreq.pem

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在上面文件中mailkey.pem为私钥 ，mailreq.pem为req文件。

8.1.3 签署req文件

1. shell# openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in mailreq.pem -signkey mailkey.pem -out mailcert.pem

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输出内容

1. Signature ok
2. subject=/C=CN/ST=Liaoning/L=Dalian/O=test dot com/OU=test/CN=test/[email protected]
3. Getting Private key

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将root CA 复制到私钥的目录中

1. shell# cp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem /etc/pki/myca

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8.2 配置postfix

修改 /etc/postfix/main.cf 增加一下几行

1. # tls setting for smtp server
2. smtpd_use_tls       = yes
3. smtpd_tls_key_file  = /etc/pki/myca/mailkey.pem
4. smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/myca/mailcert.pem
5. smtpd_tls_CAfile    = /etc/pki/myca/cacert.pem
6. #smtpd_tls_security_level = encrypt
7. smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
8. smtpd_enforce_tls = yes
9. smtpd_tls_loglevel = 2
10. 
    
11. # tls setting for smtp client
12. smtp_use_tls       = yes
13. smtp_tls_key_file  = /etc/pki/myca/mailkey.pem
14. smtp_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/myca/mailcert.pem
15. smtp_tls_CAfile    = /etc/pki/myca/cacert.pem
16. #smtp_tls_policy_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/tls_policy_maps

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修改/etc/postfix/master.cf文件

增加下面内容：

1. smtps     inet     n     -     n     -     -     smtpd
2.   -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes

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重启动postfix

source :
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