记录在Ubuntu14.04上安装ryu中遇到的各种坑

我使用的是mininet官方的Ubuntu14.04镜像.
先是运行如下命令：

apt install python-pip
pip install ryu

结果如下：

Downloading/unpacking ryu
  Downloading ryu-4.30.tar.gz (1.5MB): 1.5MB downloaded
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/ryu/setup.py) egg_info for package ryu
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'long_description_content_type'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'project_urls'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    
    Installed /tmp/pip_build_root/ryu/pbr-5.1.3-py2.7.egg
    [pbr] Processing SOURCES.txt
    warning: LocalManifestMaker: standard file '-c' not found
    
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.gitignore'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.gitreview'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory 'doc/build'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory 'ryu/tests/packet_data_generator'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory 'ryu/tests/packet_data_generator2'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*~' found anywhere in distribution
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
    warning: no previously-included files matching '.gitignore' found anywhere in distribution
Downloading/unpacking eventlet>=0.18.2,!=0.18.3,!=0.20.1,!=0.21.0,!=0.23.0 (from ryu)
  Downloading eventlet-0.24.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (219kB): 219kB downloaded
Downloading/unpacking msgpack>=0.3.0 (from ryu)
  Downloading msgpack-0.6.1.tar.gz (118kB): 118kB downloaded
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/msgpack/setup.py) egg_info for package msgpack
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'long_description_content_type'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'project_urls'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    
.
.
.
    
Downloading/unpacking sortedcontainers (from ovs>=2.6.0->ryu)
  Downloading sortedcontainers-2.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Downloading/unpacking repoze.lru>=0.3 (from routes->ryu)
  Downloading repoze.lru-0.7.tar.gz
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/repoze.lru/setup.py) egg_info for package repoze.lru
    
  Downloading pytz-2018.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (510kB): 510kB downloaded
Installing collected packages: ryu, eventlet, msgpack, netaddr, oslo.config, ovs, routes, tinyrpc, webob, monotonic, dnspython, enum34, greenlet, oslo.i18n, stevedore, rfc3986, debtcollector, requests, PyYAML, sortedcontainers, repoze.lru, pbr, Babel, wrapt, funcsigs, idna, urllib3, certifi, chardet, pytz
  Running setup.py install for ryu
    [pbr] Generating AUTHORS
    [pbr] AUTHORS complete (0.0s)
    [pbr] Reusing existing SOURCES.txt
    Installing ryu-manager script to /usr/local/bin
    Installing ryu script to /usr/local/bin
Compiling /tmp/pip_build_root/eventlet/eventlet/green/http/client.py ...
  File "/tmp/pip_build_root/eventlet/eventlet/green/http/client.py", line 195
    _is_legal_header_name = re.compile(rb'[^:\s][^:\r\n]*\Z').match
                                                           ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Compiling /tmp/pip_build_root/eventlet/eventlet/green/http/cookiejar.py ...
  File "/tmp/pip_build_root/eventlet/eventlet/green/http/cookiejar.py", line 1269
    yield from deepvalues(obj)
             ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

  Running setup.py install for msgpack
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'long_description_content_type'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'project_urls'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    building 'msgpack._cmsgpack' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -D__LITTLE_ENDIAN__=1 -I. -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c msgpack/_cmsgpack.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/msgpack/_cmsgpack.o
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ [enabled by default]
    msgpack/_cmsgpack.cpp:4:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    WARNING: Failed to compile extension modules.
    msgpack uses fallback pure python implementation.
    command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    
  Running setup.py install for ovs
    building 'ovs._json' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c ovs/_json.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/ovs/_json.o
    ovs/_json.c:1:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    ***************************************************************************
    WARNING: The C extension could not be compiled, speedups are not enabled.
    Failure information, if any, is above.
    Retrying the build without the C extension.
    ***************************************************************************
    
  Running setup.py install for tinyrpc
    
  Running setup.py install for greenlet
    building 'greenlet' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c greenlet.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/greenlet.o
    In file included from greenlet.c:5:0:
    greenlet.h:8:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include <Python.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_root/greenlet/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-_D5mAT-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install

running build

running build_ext

building 'greenlet' extension

creating build

creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7

x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c greenlet.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/greenlet.o

In file included from greenlet.c:5:0:

greenlet.h:8:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

 #include <Python.h>

                    ^

compilation terminated.

error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_root/greenlet/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-_D5mAT-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/greenlet
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('pip==1.5.4', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 235, in main
    return command.main(cmd_args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 161, in main
    text = '\n'.join(complete_log)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 42: ordinal not in range(128)

报错了，然后我运行了如下命令(上面的报错：缺少 python.h的解决办法是安装python-dev)：

apt install libelf-dev python-dev dh-autoreconf

再次安装ryu:

pip install ryu

没有报错：

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): ryu in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): eventlet>=0.18.2,!=0.18.3,!=0.20.1,!=0.21.0,!=0.23.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): msgpack>=0.3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): netaddr in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): oslo.config>=2.5.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): ovs>=2.6.0 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): routes in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.4.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): tinyrpc in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): webob>=1.2 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ryu)
Downloading/unpacking sortedcontainers (from ovs>=2.6.0->ryu)
  Downloading sortedcontainers-2.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: sortedcontainers
Successfully installed sortedcontainers
Cleaning up...

但测试的时候报了错：

ryu-manager --help

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/ryu-manager", line 5, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2749, in <module>
    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 444, in _build_master
    ws.require(__requires__)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 725, in require
    needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 628, in resolve
    raise DistributionNotFound(req)
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: repoze.lru>=0.3

然后我发现有一个库的名字就叫做repoze.lru，真是长见识了，安装这个库：

pip install repoze.lru

然后又报错如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/ryu-manager", line 5, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2749, in <module>
    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 444, in _build_master
    ws.require(__requires__)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 725, in require
    needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 628, in resolve
    raise DistributionNotFound(req)
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: PyYAML>=3.12

安装这个库的时候又遇到了坑：

root@mininet-vm:/home/mininet# pip install PyYAML
Downloading/unpacking PyYAML
  Downloading PyYAML-5.1.tar.gz (274kB): 274kB downloaded
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/PyYAML/setup.py) egg_info for package PyYAML
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'python_requires'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    
Installing collected packages: PyYAML
  Running setup.py install for PyYAML
    /usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'python_requires'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    building '_yaml' extension
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c ext/_yaml.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/ext/_yaml.o
    In file included from ext/_yaml.c:591:0:
    ext/_yaml.h:2:18: fatal error: yaml.h: No such file or directory
     #include <yaml.h>
                      ^
    compilation terminated.
    Error compiling module, falling back to pure Python
    
Successfully installed PyYAML
Cleaning up...

运行如下命令：

pip uninstall pyyaml
apt-get install -y python-pip libpython-dev libyaml-dev libpython2.7-dev
pip install pyyaml

接下来就是一堆需要安装的库了：

pip install requests greenlet debtcollector rfc3986 stevedore

安装完后就可以使用ryu了：

root@mininet-vm:/home/mininet# ryu-manager --help
usage: ryu-manager [-h] [--app-lists APP_LISTS] [--ca-certs CA_CERTS]
                   [--config-dir DIR] [--config-file PATH]
                   [--ctl-cert CTL_CERT] [--ctl-privkey CTL_PRIVKEY]
                   [--default-log-level DEFAULT_LOG_LEVEL] [--enable-debugger]
                   [--explicit-drop] [--install-lldp-flow]
                   [--log-config-file LOG_CONFIG_FILE] [--log-dir LOG_DIR]
                   [--log-file LOG_FILE] [--log-file-mode LOG_FILE_MODE]
                   [--noenable-debugger] [--noexplicit-drop]
                   [--noinstall-lldp-flow] [--noobserve-links]
                   [--nouse-stderr] [--nouse-syslog] [--noverbose]
                   [--observe-links] [--ofp-listen-host OFP_LISTEN_HOST]
                   [--ofp-ssl-listen-port OFP_SSL_LISTEN_PORT]
                   [--ofp-switch-address-list OFP_SWITCH_ADDRESS_LIST]
                   [--ofp-switch-connect-interval OFP_SWITCH_CONNECT_INTERVAL]
                   [--ofp-tcp-listen-port OFP_TCP_LISTEN_PORT]
                   [--pid-file PID_FILE] [--use-stderr] [--use-syslog]
                   [--user-flags USER_FLAGS] [--verbose] [--version]
                   [--wsapi-host WSAPI_HOST] [--wsapi-port WSAPI_PORT]
                   [--test-switch-dir TEST-SWITCH_DIR]
                   [--test-switch-interval TEST-SWITCH_INTERVAL]
                   [--test-switch-target TEST-SWITCH_TARGET]
                   [--test-switch-target-version TEST-SWITCH_TARGET_VERSION]
                   [--test-switch-target_recv_port TEST-SWITCH_TARGET_RECV_PORT]
                   [--test-switch-target_send_port_1 TEST-SWITCH_TARGET_SEND_PORT_1]
                   [--test-switch-target_send_port_2 TEST-SWITCH_TARGET_SEND_PORT_2]
                   [--test-switch-tester TEST-SWITCH_TESTER]
                   [--test-switch-tester-version TEST-SWITCH_TESTER_VERSION]
                   [--test-switch-tester_recv_port_1 TEST-SWITCH_TESTER_RECV_PORT_1]
                   [--test-switch-tester_recv_port_2 TEST-SWITCH_TESTER_RECV_PORT_2]
                   [--test-switch-tester_send_port TEST-SWITCH_TESTER_SEND_PORT]
                   [--bgp-app-config-file BGP-APP_CONFIG_FILE]
                   [--bgp-app-rpc-host BGP-APP_RPC_HOST]
                   [--bgp-app-rpc-port BGP-APP_RPC_PORT]
                   [--zapi-client-route-type ZAPI_CLIENT_ROUTE_TYPE]
                   [--zapi-db-url ZAPI_DB_URL]
                   [--zapi-frr-version ZAPI_FRR_VERSION]
                   [--zapi-retry-interval ZAPI_RETRY_INTERVAL]
                   [--zapi-router-id ZAPI_ROUTER_ID]
                   [--zapi-server-host ZAPI_SERVER_HOST]
                   [--zapi-server-port ZAPI_SERVER_PORT]
                   [--zapi-server-version ZAPI_SERVER_VERSION]
                   [app [app ...]]