Step2 - 代码优化
简介
这篇我们简要的讨论一下代码优化,这里主要讨论两点
过程到函数
加入对media的处理
PEP8
我们在Step1中的编码是面向过程的,这个不利于复用,所以我们简单的将我们前面的代码函数化,方便以后扩展及别人的调用
另外,Python代码最好符合PEP8规范,方便自己和别人阅读
编码
创建 utils/common.py
import os
import requests
PROXIES = None
HEADERS = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1)'
' AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
'Chrome/38.0.2125.122 Safari/537.36',
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,'
'application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip,deflate,sdch',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8'
}
################################
#
# requests Operation
#
################################
def GetPage(url, proxies=PROXIES, headers=HEADERS):
r = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers)
assert r.status_code == 200
return r.text
def GetMedia(
url, proxies=PROXIES, headers=HEADERS, chunk_size=512,
media_type='pic'):
r = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, stream=True)
filename = 'download/' + media_type + '/' + os.path.basename(url)
with open(filename, 'wb') as fd:
for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size):
fd.write(chunk)
return filename
这里主要封装了两个方法: GetPage 与 GetMedia
GetPage: 传入页面url 获得 整个页面
GetMeida: 传入图片或者视频的url, 下载媒体文件到 download/pic 或者 download/video(主要为了后续支持百思不得姐的视频)
main.py 更改为:
# coding: utf-8
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
from utils.common import GetMedia, GetPage
__author__ = 'BONFY CHEN '
####################
#
# main function
#
####################
def qiushi():
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/'
page = GetPage(url)
d = pq(page)
contents = d("div .article")
for item in contents:
i = pq(item)
pic_url = i("div .thumb img").attr.src
content = i("div .content").text()
id = i.attr.id
if pic_url:
pic_path = GetMedia(pic_url)
print('pic - {id}: {content} \npic下载到{pic_path}'.format(
id=id, content=content, pic_path=pic_path))
else:
print('text - {id}: {content}'.format(id=id, content=content))
def main():
qiushi()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
运行结果:
PEP8
$ pip install pep8
$ pep8 xiaolinBot
然后如果有不符合规范的代码,会显示提示,然后去更改就行了
完整代码
详情见 https://github.com/bonfy/xiaolinBot
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敬请期待下一篇: 适配器