【Git入门之九】解决冲突

原创作品，转载请标明：http://blog.csdn.net/jackystudio/article/details/12309531

1.多人协作冲突

如果多人同时修改了同一个文件，那会出现什么样的结果呢？我们试着这么做。

（1）修改jackygit2

在jackygit2中修改jackydata01，提交修改并推送到远程仓库（这里使用本地远程仓库）。正常，没问题。

 #切换到jackygit2本地库，这是远程仓库那节建立的，从本地远程仓库克隆而来
 $ cd ../jackygit2

 #修改jackygit2/Jackydata01
 $ echo "It's modified in jackygit2" > jackydata01

 #提交jackygit2的修改
 $ git commit -a -m "jackygit2 modify"
 [master 15a6406] jackygit2 modify
  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

 #推送到远程仓库origin
 $ git push origin
 Counting objects: 5, done.
 Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
 Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
 Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 283 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
 Total 3 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
 To d:/jackygit2/../remote-jackygit.git
    c0449de..15a6406  master -> master

（2）修改jackygit

切换到jackygit仓库，同样修改jackydata01，提交修改并推送到远程仓库。这时候就出错了，提示有人改过这个文件了。推送不成功。

 #切换到jackygit
 $ cd ../jackygit

 #修改jackygit/Jackydata01
 $ echo "It's modified in jackygit" >jackydata01

 #提交jackygit的修改
 $ git commit -a -m "jackygit modify"
 [master 9ab7206] jackygit modify
  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

 推送到远程仓库testremote，这个仓库和上面的origin是同一个远程仓库
 $ git push testremote
 To ../remote-jackygit.git
  ! [rejected]        master -> master (fetch first)
 error: failed to push some refs to '../remote-jackygit.git'
 hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
 hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
 hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
 hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
 hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

（3）抓取远程仓库内容

抓取远程仓库中的文件，这里需要指定分支。

 #抓取远程仓库中的文件，需要指定分支
 $ git pull testremote master
 From ../remote-jackygit
  * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD
 Auto-merging Jackydata01
 CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in Jackydata01
 Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.

（4）查看冲突文件内容

冲突用<<<<<< ====== >>>>>>隔开冲突代码，上面的是当前修改内容，下面的则是别人修改的内容。

 #输出当前jackydata01内容
 $ cat jackydata01
 <<<<<<< HEAD
 It's modified in jackygit
 =======
 It's modified in jackygit2
 >>>>>>> 15a6406ed7f889bab7e812f9e6bedb6e78431232

（5）解决冲突

修改冲突内容，重新提交，推送。

 #修改Jackydata01产生的冲突
 $ echo "there is no conflict now" > jackydata01

 #提交修改冲突后文件
 $ git commit -a -m "there is no confilct now"
 [master ac2846f] there is no confilct now

 #推送到远程仓库testremote
 $ git push testremote
 Counting objects: 10, done.
 Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
 Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
 Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 567 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
 Total 6 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0)
 To ../remote-jackygit.git
    15a6406..ac2846f  master -> master

2.分支合并冲突

这种情况和多人协作冲突处理办法是相似的。在这里也模拟一下。

（1）创建分支并修改内容

 #创建并跳转到分支br
 $ git checkout -b br
 Switched to a new branch 'br'

 #修改br分支中的Jackydata01
 $ echo "It's modified in br" > jackydata01

 #提交br分支中的修改
 $ git commit -a -m "br modify"
 [br 32c8755] br modify
  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

（2）跳转到主分支，同样进行内容修改

 #跳转到master分支
 $ git checkout master
 Switched to branch 'master'

 #修改master分支中的jackydata01
 $ echo "It's modified in master" > jackydata01

 #提交master分支中的修改
 $ git commit -a -m "master modify"
 [master ed84e67] master modify
  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

（3）合并分支

 #合并br到主分支上
 $ git merge br
 Auto-merging Jackydata01
 CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in Jackydata01
 Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.

（4）显示冲突文件内容，冲突隔开方式如上所述

 #显示br中Jackydata01内容
 $ cat jackydata01
 <<<<<<< HEAD
 It's modified in master
 =======
 It's modified in br
 >>>>>>> br

（5）解决冲突，重新提交

 修改Jackydata01产生的冲突
 $ echo "It's no conflict now" > jackydata01

 #提交修改冲突后文件
 $ git commit -a -m "It's no conflict now"
 [master eb073a6] It's no conflict now

（6）删除无效分支

 #删除br分支
 $ git branch -d br
 Deleted branch br (was 32c8755).