C# 如何捕获键盘按钮和组合键以及KeyPress/KeyDown事件之间的区别 （附KeyChar/KeyCode值）

1. 首先将窗口属性KeyPreview设为true，如果属性对话框中找不到，就直接在代码里添加； 
2. 添加KeyPress / KeyDown事件： 

1、KeyPress 和KeyDown 、KeyPress之间的区别
    1）KeyPress主要用来捕获数字(注意：包括Shift+数字的符号)、字母（注意：包括大小写）、小键盘等除了F1-12、SHIFT、Alt、Ctrl、Insert、Home、PgUp、Delete、End、PgDn、ScrollLock、Pause、NumLock、{菜单键}、{开始键}和方向键外的ANSI字符 
        KeyDown 和KeyUp 通常可以捕获键盘除了PrScrn所有按键(这里不讨论特殊键盘的特殊键） 
    2）KeyPress 只能捕获单个字符 
         KeyDown 和 KeyUp 可以捕获组合键。 
    3）KeyPress 可以捕获单个字符的大小写 
    4）KeyDown和KeyUp 对于单个字符捕获的KeyValue 都是一个值，也就是不能判断单个字符的大小写。 
    5）KeyPress 不区分小键盘和主键盘的数字字符。 
        KeyDown 和KeyUp 区分小键盘和主键盘的数字字符。 
    6）其中PrScrn 按键KeyPress、KeyDown和KeyUp 都不能捕获。 

2、KeyPress事件

Winform文本框只能输入数字和退格键和小数点：

private void TextBox_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.KeyChar != 8 && !Char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar) && e.KeyChar != '.')
    {
        e.Handled = true;
    }
}
//或者 
private void TextBox_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.KeyChar != '\b' && !Char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar) && e.KeyChar != '.')
    {
        e.Handled = true;
    }
}

3、KeyChar取值：

另外2个特殊ASCII码：回车=13，换行=10，退格='\b' 或者 退格=8

4、KeyDown事件：

捕获单个按键：

 

private void Form1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) 
{ 
       Keys key = e.KeyCode; 
       if (e.Control!=true)//如果没按Ctrl键 
return; 
       switch (key) 
       { 
            case Keys.NumPad0: 
                //按下小键盘0以后 
                break; 
            case Keys.NumPad1: 
                //按下小键盘1以后 
                break; 
            case Keys.S: 
                //按下S键以后 
                break; 
            case Keys.Up: 
                //按下向下键以后 
                break; 
       } 
} 

 

捕获组合键（以全选为例）：

 

private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.Control && e.KeyCode == Keys.A)
    {
        (sender as TextBox).SelectAll();
    }
}

 

5、KeyCode取值： 
keycode    8 = BackSpace BackSpace 
keycode    9 = Tab Tab 
keycode   12 = Clear 
keycode   13 = Enter 
keycode   16 = Shift_L 
keycode   17 = Control_L 
keycode   18 = Alt_L 
keycode   19 = Pause 
keycode   20 = Caps_Lock 
keycode   27 = Escape Escape 
keycode   32 = space space 
keycode   33 = Prior 
keycode   34 = Next 
keycode   35 = End 
keycode   36 = Home 
keycode   37 = Left 
keycode   38 = Up 
keycode   39 = Right 
keycode   40 = Down 
keycode   41 = Select 
keycode   42 = Print 
keycode   43 = Execute 
keycode   45 = Insert 
keycode   46 = Delete 
keycode   47 = Help 
keycode   48 = 0 equal braceright 
keycode   49 = 1 exclam onesuperior 
keycode   50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperior 
keycode   51 = 3 section threesuperior 
keycode   52 = 4 dollar 
keycode   53 = 5 percent 
keycode   54 = 6 ampersand 
keycode   55 = 7 slash braceleft 
keycode   56 = 8 parenleft bracketleft 
keycode   57 = 9 parenright bracketright 
keycode   65 = a A 
keycode   66 = b B 
keycode   67 = c C 
keycode   68 = d D 
keycode   69 = e E EuroSign 
keycode   70 = f F 
keycode   71 = g G 
keycode   72 = h H 
keycode   73 = i I 
keycode   74 = j J 
keycode   75 = k K 
keycode   76 = l L 
keycode   77 = m M mu 
keycode   78 = n N 
keycode   79 = o O 
keycode   80 = p P 
keycode   81 = q Q at 
keycode   82 = r R 
keycode   83 = s S 
keycode   84 = t T 
keycode   85 = u U 
keycode   86 = v V 
keycode   87 = w W 
keycode   88 = x X 
keycode   89 = y Y 
keycode   90 = z Z 
keycode   96 = KP_0 KP_0 
keycode   97 = KP_1 KP_1 
keycode   98 = KP_2 KP_2 
keycode   99 = KP_3 KP_3 
keycode 100 = KP_4 KP_4 
keycode 101 = KP_5 KP_5 
keycode 102 = KP_6 KP_6 
keycode 103 = KP_7 KP_7 
keycode 104 = KP_8 KP_8 
keycode 105 = KP_9 KP_9 
keycode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply 
keycode 107 = KP_Add KP_Add 
keycode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separator 
keycode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract 
keycode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal 
keycode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Divide 
keycode 112 = F1 
keycode 113 = F2 
keycode 114 = F3 
keycode 115 = F4 
keycode 116 = F5 
keycode 117 = F6 
keycode 118 = F7 
keycode 119 = F8 
keycode 120 = F9 
keycode 121 = F10 
keycode 122 = F11 
keycode 123 = F12 
keycode 124 = F13 
keycode 125 = F14 
keycode 126 = F15 
keycode 127 = F16 
keycode 128 = F17 
keycode 129 = F18 
keycode 130 = F19 
keycode 131 = F20 
keycode 132 = F21 
keycode 133 = F22 
keycode 134 = F23 
keycode 135 = F24 
keycode 136 = Num_Lock 
keycode 137 = Scroll_Lock 
keycode 187 = acute grave 
keycode 188 = comma semicolon 
keycode 189 = minus underscore 
keycode 190 = period colon 
keycode 192 = numbersign apostrophe 
keycode 210 = plusminus hyphen macron 
keycode 211 = 
keycode 212 = copyright registered 
keycode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotright 
keycode 214 = masculine ordfeminine 
keycode 215 = ae AE 
keycode 216 = cent yen 
keycode 217 = questiondown exclamdown 
keycode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarters 
keycode 220 = less greater bar 
keycode 221 = plus asterisk asciitilde 
keycode 227 = multiply division 
keycode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflex 
keycode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflex 
keycode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflex 
keycode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflex 
keycode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflex 
keycode 233 = ntilde Ntilde 
keycode 234 = yacute Yacute 
keycode 235 = oslash Ooblique 
keycode 236 = aring Aring 
keycode 237 = ccedilla Ccedilla 
keycode 238 = thorn THORN 
keycode 239 = eth ETH 
keycode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currency 
keycode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atilde 
keycode 242 = egrave Egrave 
keycode 243 = igrave Igrave 
keycode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otilde 
keycode 245 = ugrave Ugrave 
keycode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresis 
keycode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresis 
keycode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresis 
keycode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresis 
keycode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresis 
keycode 251 = ssharp question backslash 
keycode 252 = asciicircum degree 
keycode 253 = 3 sterling 
keycode 254 = Mode_switch 

 

6、如何获取键盘按钮的keyChar值（keyCode同理）

private void Form1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)  
{  
    char Key_Char = e.KeyChar;//判断按键的 Keychar  
    MessageBox.Show(((int)(Key_Char)).ToString());//转成整数显示
}