定义拦截器,实现HandlerInterceptor接口。接口中提供三个方法。
public class HandlerInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor{
//进入 Handler方法之前执行
//用于身份认证、身份授权
//比如身份认证,如果认证通过表示当前用户没有登陆,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//return false表示拦截,不向下执行
//return true表示放行
return false;
}
//进入Handler方法之后,返回modelAndView之前执行
//应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据(比如菜单导航)在这里传到视图,也可以在这里统一指定视图
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
//执行Handler完成执行此方法
//应用场景:统一异常处理,统一日志处理
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
可以从名称和参数看出各个接口的顺序和作用:
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception
参数最少,只有三个
进入 Handler方法之前执行
用于身份认证、身份授权。比如身份认证,如果认证通过表示当前用户没有登陆,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception
多了一个modelAndView参数
进入Handler方法之后,返回modelAndView之前执行
应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据(比如菜单导航)在这里传到视图,也可以在这里统一指定视图
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception
多了一个Exception的类型的参数
执行Handler完成执行此方法
应用场景:统一异常处理,统一日志处理
拦截器配置
针对HandlerMapping配置
springmvc拦截器针对HandlerMapping进行拦截设置,如果在某个HandlerMapping中配置拦截,经过该HandlerMapping映射成功的handler最终使用该拦截器。
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="interceptors">
<list>
<ref bean="handlerInterceptor1"/>
<ref bean="handlerInterceptor2"/>
list>
property>
bean>
<bean id="handlerInterceptor1" class="springmvc.intercapter.HandlerInterceptor1"/>
<bean id="handlerInterceptor2" class="springmvc.intercapter.HandlerInterceptor2"/>
一般不推荐使用。
类似全局的拦截器
springmvc配置类似全局的拦截器,springmvc框架将配置的类似全局的拦截器注入到每个HandlerMapping中。
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.interceptor.HandlerInterceptor1">bean>
mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.interceptor.HandlerInterceptor2">bean>
mvc:interceptor>
mvc:interceptors>
测试多个拦截器各个方法执行时机
访问/items/queryItems.action
编写俩个拦截器
HandlerInterceptor1
public class HandlerInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
//进入 Handler方法之前执行
//用于身份认证、身份授权
//比如身份认证,如果认证通过表示当前用户没有登陆,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor1...preHandle");
//return false表示拦截,不向下执行
//return true表示放行
return true;
}
//进入Handler方法之后,返回modelAndView之前执行
//应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据(比如菜单导航)在这里传到视图,也可以在这里统一指定视图
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor1...postHandle");
}
//执行Handler完成执行此方法
//应用场景:统一异常处理,统一日志处理
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor1...afterCompletion");
}
HandlerInterceptor2
public class HandlerInterceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {
//进入 Handler方法之前执行
//用于身份认证、身份授权
//比如身份认证,如果认证通过表示当前用户没有登陆,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor2...preHandle");
//return false表示拦截,不向下执行
//return true表示放行
return true;
}
//进入Handler方法之后,返回modelAndView之前执行
//应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据(比如菜单导航)在这里传到视图,也可以在这里统一指定视图
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor2...postHandle");
}
//执行Handler完成执行此方法
//应用场景:统一异常处理,统一日志处理
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor2...afterCompletion");
}
}
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - DispatcherServlet with name 'springmvc' processing GET request for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Looking up handler method for path /items/queryItems.action
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Returning handler method [public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.controller.ItemsController.queryItems(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.po.ItemsQueryVo) throws java.lang.Exception]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Last-Modified value for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action] is: -1
HandlerInterceptor1...preHandle
HandlerInterceptor2...preHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Fetching JDBC Connection from DataSource
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Registering transaction synchronization for JDBC Connection
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource
HandlerInterceptor2...postHandle
HandlerInterceptor1...postHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Rendering view [org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView: name 'items/itemsList'; URL [/WEB-INF/jsp/items/itemsList.jsp]] in DispatcherServlet with name 'springmvc'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Added model object 'itemtypes' of type [java.util.HashMap] to request in view with name 'items/itemsList'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Added model object 'itemsQueryVo' of type [com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.po.ItemsQueryVo] to request in view with name 'items/itemsList'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Added model object 'org.springframework.validation.BindingResult.itemsQueryVo' of type [org.springframework.validation.BeanPropertyBindingResult] to request in view with name 'items/itemsList'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Added model object 'itemsList' of type [java.util.ArrayList] to request in view with name 'items/itemsList'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Forwarding to resource [/WEB-INF/jsp/items/itemsList.jsp] in InternalResourceView 'items/itemsList'
HandlerInterceptor2...afterCompletion
HandlerInterceptor1...afterCompletion
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-1] - Successfully completed request
总结:preHandle方法按顺序执行,postHandle和afterCompletion按拦截器配置的逆向顺序执行。
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - DispatcherServlet with name 'springmvc' processing GET request for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Looking up handler method for path /items/queryItems.action
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Returning handler method [public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.controller.ItemsController.queryItems(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.po.ItemsQueryVo) throws java.lang.Exception]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Last-Modified value for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action] is: -1
HandlerInterceptor1...preHandle
HandlerInterceptor2...preHandle
HandlerInterceptor1...afterCompletion
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Successfully completed request
总结:
拦截器1放行,拦截器2 preHandle才会执行。
拦截器2 preHandle不放行,拦截器2 postHandle和afterCompletion不会执行。
只要有一个拦截器不放行,postHandle不会执行。
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-9] - DispatcherServlet with name 'springmvc' processing GET request for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-9] - Looking up handler method for path /items/queryItems.action
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-9] - Returning handler method [public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.controller.ItemsController.queryItems(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.po.ItemsQueryVo) throws java.lang.Exception]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-9] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-9] - Last-Modified value for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action] is: -1
HandlerInterceptor1...preHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-9] - Successfully completed request
总结:
拦截器1 preHandle不放行,postHandle和afterCompletion不会执行。
拦截器1 preHandle不放行,拦截器2不执行。
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - DispatcherServlet with name 'springmvc' processing GET request for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Looking up handler method for path /items/queryItems.action
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Returning handler method [public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.controller.ItemsController.queryItems(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.po.ItemsQueryVo) throws java.lang.Exception]
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'itemsController'
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Last-Modified value for [/ssm1/items/queryItems.action] is: -1
HandlerInterceptor1...preHandle
DEBUG [http-apr-8080-exec-8] - Successfully completed request
和两个拦截器都不行的结果一致,因为拦截器1先执行,没放行
小结
根据测试结果,对拦截器应用。
比如:统一日志处理拦截器,需要该拦截器preHandle一定要放行,且将它放在拦截器链接中第一个位置。
比如:登陆认证拦截器,放在拦截器链接中第一个位置。权限校验拦截器,放在登陆认证拦截器之后。
(因为登陆通过后才校验权限,当然登录认证拦截器要放在统一日志处理拦截器后面)
需求
1.用户请求url
2.拦截器进行拦截校验
如果请求的url是公开地址(无需登陆即可访问的url),让放行
如果用户session 不存在跳转到登陆页面
如果用户session存在放行,继续操作。
页面代码
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>系统登陆title>
head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/login.action" method="post">
用户账号:<input type="text" name="username" /><br/>
用户密码 :<input type="password" name="password" /><br/>
<input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
form>
body>
html>
@Controller
public class LoginController {
// 登陆
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(HttpSession session, String username, String password)
throws Exception {
// 调用service进行用户身份验证
// ...
// 在session中保存用户身份信息
session.setAttribute("username", username);
// 重定向到商品列表页面
return "redirect:/items/queryItems.action";
}
// 退出
@RequestMapping("/logout")
public String logout(HttpSession session) throws Exception {
// 清除session
session.invalidate();
// 重定向到商品列表页面
return "redirect:/items/queryItems.action";
}
}
代码实现
/**
* Created by brian on 2016/3/8.
* 登陆认证拦截器
*/
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//进入 Handler方法之前执行
//用于身份认证、身份授权
//比如身份认证,如果认证通过表示当前用户没有登陆,需要此方法拦截不再向下执行
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//获取请求的url
String url = request.getRequestURI();
//判断url是否是公开 地址(实际使用时将公开 地址配置配置文件中)
//这里公开地址是登陆提交的地址
if(url.indexOf("login.action")>=0){
//如果进行登陆提交,放行
return true;
}
//判断session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//从session中取出用户身份信息
String username = (String) session.getAttribute("username");
if(username != null){
//身份存在,放行
return true;
}
//执行这里表示用户身份需要认证,跳转登陆页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
//return false表示拦截,不向下执行
//return true表示放行
return false;
}
//进入Handler方法之后,返回modelAndView之前执行
//应用场景从modelAndView出发:将公用的模型数据(比如菜单导航)在这里传到视图,也可以在这里统一指定视图
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("LoginInterceptor...postHandle");
}
//执行Handler完成执行此方法
//应用场景:统一异常处理,统一日志处理
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("LoginInterceptor...afterCompletion");
}
}
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.iot.learnssm.firstssm.interceptor.LoginInterceptor">bean>
mvc:interceptor>
...省略