Java图像处理工具类

工具类的功能：缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等

package net.kitbox.util;
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;
import java.awt.image.CropImageFilter;
import java.awt.image.FilteredImageSource;
import java.awt.image.ImageFilter;
import java.awt.image.ImagingOpException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
/**
 * author:lldy
 * time:2012-5-6下午6:37:18
 * 图片处理工具类：

 * 功能：缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等
 */
public class ImageUtils {
    /**
     * 相对于图片的位置
     */
    private static final int POSITION_UPPERLEFT=0;
    private static final int POSITION_UPPERRIGHT=10;
    private static final int POSITION_LOWERLEFT=1;
    private static final int POSITION_LOWERRIGHT=11;
    /**
     * 几种常见的图片格式
     */
    public static String IMAGE_TYPE_GIF = "gif";// 图形交换格式
    public static String IMAGE_TYPE_JPG = "jpg";// 联合照片专家组
    public static String IMAGE_TYPE_JPEG = "jpeg";// 联合照片专家组
    public static String IMAGE_TYPE_BMP = "bmp";// 英文Bitmap（位图）的简写，它是Windows操作系统中的标准图像文件格式
    public static String IMAGE_TYPE_PNG = "png";// 可移植网络图形
    private static ImageUtils instance;
    private ImageUtils() {
        instance = this;
    }
    /**
     * 获取实例
     * @return
     */
    public static ImageUtils getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new ImageUtils();
        }
        return instance;
    }
    public  BufferedImage image2BufferedImage(Image image){
        System.out.println(image.getWidth(null));
        System.out.println(image.getHeight(null));
        BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(null), image.getHeight(null), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        Graphics2D g = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, null, null);
        g.dispose();
        System.out.println(bufferedImage.getWidth());
        System.out.println(bufferedImage.getHeight());
        return bufferedImage;
    }
    /**
     * 缩放并转换格式后保存
     * @param srcPath源路径
     * @param destPath目标路径
     * @param width：目标宽
     * @param height：目标高
     * @param format：文件格式
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean scaleToFile(String srcPath, String destPath, int width,  int height,String format) {
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            File file = new File(srcPath);
            File destFile = new File(destPath);
            if (!destFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
                destFile.getParentFile().mkdir();
            }
            BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(file); // 读入文件
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.dispose();
            flag = ImageIO.write(tag, format, new FileOutputStream(destFile));// 输出到文件流
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return flag;
    }
    /**
     * 缩放Image，此方法返回源图像按百分比缩放后的图像
     * @param inputImage
     * @param percentage 百分比 允许的输入0percentage||percentage>10000){
            throw new ImagingOpException("Error::不合法的参数:percentage->"+percentage+",percentage应该大于0~小于10000");
        }       
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency();
        //获取目标图像大小
        int w=inputImage.getWidth()*percentage;
        int h=inputImage.getHeight()*percentage; 
        //开启抗锯齿
        RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(w, h, type);
        Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics();
        graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints);        
        graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, w, h, 0, 0, inputImage
                .getWidth(), inputImage.getHeight(), null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
        /*此代码将返回Image类型
        return inputImage.getScaledInstance(inputImage.getWidth()*percentage,
                inputImage.getHeight()*percentage, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
        */
    }
    /**
     * 缩放Image，此方法返回源图像按给定最大宽度限制下按比例缩放后的图像
     * @param inputImage
     * @param maxWidth：压缩后允许的最大宽度
     * @param maxHeight：压缩后允许的最大高度
     * @throws java.io.IOException
     * return 
     */
    public static BufferedImage scaleByPixelRate(BufferedImage inputImage, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) throws Exception {
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency();
        int width = inputImage.getWidth();
        int height = inputImage.getHeight();
        int newWidth = maxWidth;
        int newHeight =maxHeight;
        //如果指定最大宽度超过比例
        if(width*maxHeightheight*maxWidth){
            newHeight=(int)(newWidth*height/width);
        }
        //开启抗锯齿
        RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(newWidth, newHeight, type);
        Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics();
        graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints);        
        graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, newWidth, newHeight, 0, 0, width, height, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 缩放Image，此方法返回源图像按给定宽度、高度限制下缩放后的图像
     * @param inputImage
     * @param maxWidth：压缩后宽度
     * @param maxHeight：压缩后高度
     * @throws java.io.IOException
     * return 
     */
    public static BufferedImage scaleByPixel(BufferedImage inputImage, int newWidth, int newHeight) throws Exception {
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency();
        int width = inputImage.getWidth();
        int height = inputImage.getHeight();
        //开启抗锯齿
        RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(newWidth, newHeight, type);
        Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics();
        graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints);        
        graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, newWidth, newHeight, 0, 0, width, height, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 切割图像，返回指定范围的图像
     * @param inputImage
     * @param x 起点横坐标
     * @param y 起点纵坐标
     * @param width 切割图片宽度:如果宽度超出图片，将改为图片自x剩余宽度
     * @param height 切割图片高度：如果高度超出图片，将改为图片自y剩余高度
     * @param fill 指定目标图像大小超出时是否补白，如果true，则表示补白；false表示不补白，此时将重置目标图像大小
     * @return
     */
    public static BufferedImage cut(BufferedImage inputImage,int x,int y,int width,int height,boolean fill){
        //获取原始图像透明度类型
        int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency();
        int w = inputImage.getWidth();
        int h = inputImage.getHeight();
        int endx=x+width;
        int endy=y+height;
        if(x>w)
            throw new ImagingOpException("起点横坐标超出源图像范围");
        if(y>h)
            throw new ImagingOpException("起点纵坐标超出源图像范围");
        BufferedImage img;
        //补白
        if(fill){
            img = new BufferedImage(width, height, type);
            //宽度超出限制
            if((w-x)w)
                width=w;
            if(height>h)
                height=h;
        //不补
        }else{
            if(width>w)
                width=w;
            if(height>h)
                height=h;
            img = new BufferedImage(width, height, type);
        }
        //开启抗锯齿
        RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);       
        Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics();
        graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); 
        switch(startPoint){
                //右上
            case POSITION_UPPERRIGHT:
                graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, w-width, 0, w, height, 0, 0, width, height, null);
                break;
                //左下
            case POSITION_LOWERLEFT:
                graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, h-height, width, h, 0, 0, width, height, null);   
                break;
                //右下
            case POSITION_LOWERRIGHT:
                graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, w-width, h-height, w, h, 0, 0, width, height, null); 
                break;
                //默认左上
            case POSITION_UPPERLEFT:
            default: 
                graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, null);
        }
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 以指定角度旋转图片：使用正角度 theta 进行旋转，可将正 x 轴上的点转向正 y 轴。 
     * @param inputImage
     * @param degree 角度:以度数为单位
     * @return
     */
    public static BufferedImage rotateImage(final BufferedImage inputImage,
            final int degree) {
        int w = inputImage.getWidth();
        int h = inputImage.getHeight();
        int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency();
        BufferedImage img=new BufferedImage(w, h, type);
        Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics();
        //开启抗锯齿
        RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        //使用高质量压缩
        renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints);
        graphics2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(degree), w / 2, h / 2);
        graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 水平翻转图像
     * 
     * @param bufferedimage 目标图像
     * @return
     */
    public static BufferedImage flipHorizontalImage(final BufferedImage inputImage) {
        int w = inputImage.getWidth();
        int h = inputImage.getHeight();
        BufferedImage img;
        Graphics2D graphics2d;
        (graphics2d = (img = new BufferedImage(w, h, inputImage
                .getColorModel().getTransparency())).createGraphics())
                .drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, w, h, w, 0, 0, h, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }
    /**
     * 竖直翻转图像
     * 
     * @param bufferedimage 目标图像
     * @return
     */
    public static BufferedImage flipVerticalImage(final BufferedImage inputImage) {
        int w = inputImage.getWidth();
        int h = inputImage.getHeight();
        BufferedImage img;
        Graphics2D graphics2d;
        (graphics2d = (img = new BufferedImage(w, h, inputImage
                .getColorModel().getTransparency())).createGraphics())
                .drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, w, h, 0, h, w, 0, null);
        graphics2d.dispose();
        return img;
    }   
    /**
     * 图片水印
     * 
     * @param inputImage
     *            待处理图像
     * @param markImage
     *            水印图像
     * @param x
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 x 坐标值
     * @param y
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 y 坐标值
     * @param alpha
     *            水印透明度 0.1f ~ 1.0f
     * */
    public static BufferedImage waterMark(BufferedImage inputImage,BufferedImage markImage, int x, int y,
                    float alpha) {
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(inputImage.getWidth(), inputImage
                            .getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
            Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
            g.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, null);
            // 加载水印图像
            g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP,
                            alpha));
            g.drawImage(markImage, x, y, null);
            g.dispose();
            return image;
    }
    /**
     * 文字水印
     * 
     * @param inputImage
     *            待处理图像
     * @param text
     *            水印文字
     * @param font
     *            水印字体信息
     * @param color
     *            水印字体颜色
     * @param x
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 x 坐标值
     * @param y
     *            水印位于图片左上角的 y 坐标值
     * @param alpha
     *            水印透明度 0.1f ~ 1.0f
     */
    public static BufferedImage textMark(BufferedImage inputImage, String text, Font font,
                    Color color, int x, int y, float alpha) {
            Font dfont = (font == null) ? new Font("宋体", 20, 13) : font;
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(inputImage.getWidth(), inputImage
                            .getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
            Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
            g.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, null);
            g.setColor(color);
            g.setFont(dfont);
            g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP,
                            alpha));
            g.drawString(text, x, y);
            g.dispose();
            return image;
    }  
    /**
     * 图像彩色转黑白色
     * @param inputImage
     * @return 转换后的BufferedImage
     */
    public final static BufferedImage toGray(BufferedImage inputImage)
    {
            ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY);
            //对源 BufferedImage 进行颜色转换。如果目标图像为 null，
            //则根据适当的 ColorModel 创建 BufferedImage。 
            ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null);
            return op.filter(inputImage, null);
    }
    /**
     * 图像彩色转为黑白
     * @param srcImageFile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destImageFile
     *            目标图像地址
     * @param formatType
     *              目标图像格式：如果formatType为null;将默认转换为PNG
     */
    public final static void toGray(String srcImageFile, String destImageFile,String formatType)
    {
        try
        {
            BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
            ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY);
            ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null);
            src = op.filter(src, null);
            //如果formatType为null;将默认转换为PNG
            if(formatType==null){
                formatType="PNG";
            }
            ImageIO.write(src,formatType,new File(destImageFile));
        } catch (IOException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 图像类型转换：GIF->JPG、GIF->PNG、PNG->JPG、PNG->GIF(X)、BMP->PNG
     * 
     * @param inputImage
     *            源图像地址
     * @param formatType
     *            包含格式非正式名称的 String：如JPG、JPEG、GIF等
     * @param destImageFile
     *            目标图像地址
     */
    public final static void convert(BufferedImage inputImage, String formatType,String destImageFile)
    {
        try
        {
            ImageIO.write(inputImage, formatType, new File(destImageFile));
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 图像切割（指定切片的行数和列数）
     * 
     * @param srcImageFile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destDir
     *            切片目标文件夹
     * @param formatType
     *              目标格式
     * @param rows
     *            目标切片行数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
     * @param cols
     *            目标切片列数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内
     */
    public final static void cut(BufferedImage inputImage, String destDir,
            String formatType,int rows, int cols)
    {
        try
        {
            if (rows <= 0 || rows > 20)
                rows = 2; // 切片行数
            if (cols <= 0 || cols > 20)
                cols = 2; // 切片列数
            // 读取源图像
            //BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile));
            int w = inputImage.getHeight(); // 源图宽度
            int h = inputImage.getWidth(); // 源图高度
            if (w > 0 && h > 0)
            {
                Image img;
                ImageFilter cropFilter;
                Image image = inputImage.getScaledInstance(w, h,
                        Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
                int destWidth = w; // 每张切片的宽度
                int destHeight = h; // 每张切片的高度
                // 计算切片的宽度和高度
                if (w % cols == 0)
                {
                    destWidth = w / cols;
                } else
                {
                    destWidth = (int) Math.floor(w / cols) + 1;
                }
                if (h % rows == 0)
                {
                    destHeight = h / rows;
                } else
                {
                    destHeight = (int) Math.floor(h / rows) + 1;
                }
                // 循环建立切片
                // 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度
                for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)
                    {
                        // 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高
                        // 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height)
                        cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(j * destWidth, i
                                * destHeight, destWidth, destHeight);
                        img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(
                                new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(),
                                        cropFilter));
                        BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(destWidth,
                                destHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
                        Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
                        g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
                        g.dispose();
                        // 输出为文件
                        ImageIO.write(tag, formatType, new File(destDir + "_r" + i
                                + "_c" + j + "."+formatType.toLowerCase()));
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 给图片添加文字水印
     * 
     * @param pressText
     *            水印文字
     * @param srcImageFile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destImageFile
     *            目标图像地址
     * @param fontName
     *            水印的字体名称
     * @param fontStyle
     *            水印的字体样式
     * @param color
     *            水印的字体颜色
     * @param fontSize
     *            水印的字体大小
     * @param x
     *            修正值
     * @param y
     *            修正值
     * @param alpha
     *            透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
     * @param formatType
     *              目标格式
     */
    public final static void pressText(String pressText, String srcImageFile,
            String destImageFile, String fontName, int fontStyle, Color color,
            int fontSize, int x, int y, float alpha,String formatType)
    {
        try
        {
            File img = new File(srcImageFile);
            Image src = ImageIO.read(img);
            int width = src.getWidth(null);
            int height = src.getHeight(null);
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
            Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
            g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, width, height, null);
            g.setColor(color);
            g.setFont(new Font(fontName, fontStyle, fontSize));
            g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP,
                    alpha));
            // 在指定坐标绘制水印文字
            g.drawString(pressText, (width - (getLength(pressText) * fontSize))
                    / 2 + x, (height - fontSize) / 2 + y);
            g.dispose();
            ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, formatType,
                    new File(destImageFile));// 输出到文件流
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 给图片添加图片水印
     * 
     * @param pressImg
     *            水印图片
     * @param srcImageFile
     *            源图像地址
     * @param destImageFile
     *            目标图像地址
     * @param x
     *            修正值。 默认在中间
     * @param y
     *            修正值。 默认在中间
     * @param alpha
     *            透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字
     * @param formatType
     *              目标格式
     */ 
    public final static void pressImage(String pressImg, String srcImageFile,
            String destImageFile, int x, int y, float alpha,String formatType)
    {
        try
        {
            File img = new File(srcImageFile);
            Image src = ImageIO.read(img);
            int wideth = src.getWidth(null);
            int height = src.getHeight(null);
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(wideth, height,
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
            Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
            g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, wideth, height, null);
            // 水印文件
            Image src_biao = ImageIO.read(new File(pressImg));
            int wideth_biao = src_biao.getWidth(null);
            int height_biao = src_biao.getHeight(null);
            g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP,
                    alpha));
            g.drawImage(src_biao, (wideth - wideth_biao) / 2,
                    (height - height_biao) / 2, wideth_biao, height_biao, null);
            // 水印文件结束
            g.dispose();
            ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, formatType,
                    new File(destImageFile));
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 计算text的长度（一个中文算两个字符）
     * 
     * @param text
     * @return
     */
    public final static int getLength(String text)
    {
        int length = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++)
        {
            if (new String(text.charAt(i) + "").getBytes().length > 1)
            {
                length += 2;
            } else
            {
                length += 1;
            }
        }
        return length / 2;
    }
}

转自  http://www.jb51.net/article/60806.htm