Python异常处理try...except...finally raise assert

异常处理:
try ...except  try代码块放置容易发生异常的语句:except代码块放置处理异常的语句
try ...except...finally finally代码快是任何时候都会执行的;通常用于关闭系统的资源

try:
    f = open('db100.txt','r')
    try:
        a = f.write('aa')
        print a 
    except:
        print 'write error'
    finally:
        f.close()
        print 'close file'
except:
    print 'open error'
输出:
write error
close file




raise 抛出异常;


def reporterror(x):
    if x == None:
        raise NameError
    print x 


try:
    reporterror(None)


except NameError:
    print 'x == None'
#输出:
x == None




自定义异常:
必须继承于Exception类
类名以Error结尾
自定义异常使用raise语句引发,而且只能通过手工引发:
Python pass 语句
Python pass是空语句,是为了保持程序结构的完整性。

pass 不做任何事情,一般用做占位语句。


class MyError(Exception):  
    pass

def reporterror(x):
    if x == None:
        raise MyError()
    print x 
   
try:
    reporterror(None)


except MyError,error:
    print 'x == None'
#输出:
x == None
--------------------------------------


assert:语句用于测试某个条件表达式为真,即认为测的表达式永远为真,如果断言失败,会引发AssertionError异常
str = 'hello'
try:
    #x = 10/0
    assert len(str) == 3
except AssertionError,x:
    print 'assert error',x
输出:
assert error

异常信息:

str = 'hello'

try:
    x = 10/0
    assert len(str) == 3
except AssertionError,x:
    print 'assert error',x
except Exception ,ex:
    print ex
输出:
integer division or modulo by zero



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