百度阿波罗工控机安装ubuntu18.04出现Couldn't get UEFI db list

问题描述

百度阿波罗配套的工控机自带ubuntu16系统，但是百度工作人员说显卡是RTX2060s的新工控机必须安装ubuntu18。在使用u盘进行boot的时候，点击install ubuntu后，出现Couldn’t get UEFI db list和Couldn’t get size的错误，并且上半部分出现花屏。快速启动和静默启动都已经禁用。

解决办法

在出现grub界面后，按"e"进入编辑，将段落中的"quiet splash"修改为“nomodeset"，按"F10"保存退出，选择install ubuntu进入安装过程。
安装完毕后需要重启系统，会再次出现花屏，必须再次进入grub界面。由于工控机只有一个系统，所以grub界面不会自动出现，必须在紫屏的时候按"shift"或者"esc"进入，对于工控机来说"esc"是有效的。在linux开头的最后一行加"nomodeset",按"F10"保存退出，可以进入ubuntu系统。

出现问题的原因

关于nomodeset：

The newest kernels have moved the video mode setting into the kernel.
So all the programming of the hardware specific clock rates and
registers on the video card happen in the kernel rather than in the X
driver when the X server starts… This makes it possible to have high
resolution nice looking splash (boot) screens and flicker free
transitions from boot splash to login screen. Unfortunately, on some
cards this doesnt work properly and you end up with a black screen.
Adding the nomodeset parameter instructs the kernel to not load video
drivers and use BIOS modes instead until X is loaded.

Note that this option is sometimes needed for nVidia cards when using
the default “nouveau” drivers. Installing proprietary nvidia drivers
usually makes this option no longer necessary, so it may not be needed
to make this option permanent, just for one boot until you installed
the nvidia

大概意思就是在某些卡上不能进入开机画面，需要使用nomodeset禁用视频驱动。对nvidia显卡来说，如果ubuntu使用默认的"nouveau"驱动就需要进行这一过程，但是只需要在一次boot的时候使用nomodeset，安装合适nvidia驱动之后就不需要了。

关于quiet splash：

This option (quiet) tells the kernel to NOT produce any output (a.k.a. Non verbose mode). If you boot without this option, you’ll see lots of kernel messages such as drivers/modules activations, filesystem checks and errors. Not having the quiet parameter may be useful when you need to find an
This option(splash) is used to start an eye-candy “loading” screen while all the core parts of the system are loaded in the background. If you disable it and have quiet enable you’ll get a blank screen.

如果去掉quiet会在开机的时候看见许多字符信息。关掉splash就会关闭开机动画。