c# HttpHelper类 Http请求通用方法
下面是HttpHelper类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
namespace HttpHelperNamespace
{
public static class HttpHelper
{
///
/// http/https请求响应
///
///
/// 地址（要带上http或https）
/// 请求头
/// 提交数据
/// 编码类型 utf-8
/// application/x-www-form-urlencoded
/// headers,
Dictionary parameters,
Encoding dataEncoding,
string contentType
)
{
var request = CreateRequest(getOrPost, url, headers, parameters, dataEncoding, contentType);
//如果需要POST数据
if (getOrPost == "POST" && !(parameters == null || parameters.Count == 0))
{
var data = FormatPostParameters(parameters, dataEncoding, contentType);
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
stream.Close();
}
}
WebResponse Res = null;
try
{
Res = request.GetResponse();
}
catch (WebException ex)
{
Res = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw e;
}
if (null == Res) {
return request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
}
return (HttpWebResponse)Res;
}
///
/// 创建HTTP请求对象
///
///
///
///
///
///
///
/// headers
, Dictionary parameters
, Encoding paraEncoding
, string contentType
)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url))
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("url");
}
if (parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0 && paraEncoding == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("requestEncoding");
}
HttpWebRequest request = null;
//判断是否是https
if (url.StartsWith("https", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback =
new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
}
else
{
request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
}
if (getOrPost == "GET")
{
request.Method = "GET";
if (parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0)
{
url = FormatGetParametersToUrl(url, parameters, paraEncoding);
}
}
else
{
request.Method = "POST";
}
if (contentType == null)
{
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8";
}
else
{
request.ContentType = contentType;
}
//POST的数据大于1024字节的时候，如果不设置会分两步
request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
request.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = int.MaxValue;
if (headers != null)
{
FormatRequestHeaders(headers, request);
}
return request;
}
///
/// 格式化请求头信息
///
///
///
private static void FormatRequestHeaders(Dictionary headers, HttpWebRequest request)
{
foreach (var hd in headers)
{
//因为HttpWebRequest中很多标准标头都被封装成只能通过属性设置，添加的话会抛出异常
switch (hd.Key.ToLower())
{
case "connection":
request.KeepAlive = false;
break;
case "content-type":
request.ContentType = hd.Value;
break;
case "transfer-enconding":
request.TransferEncoding = hd.Value;
break;
default:
request.Headers.Add(hd.Key, hd.Value);
break;
}
}
}
///
/// 格式化Get请求参数
///
/// URL
/// 参数
/// 编码格式
/// parameters, Encoding paraEncoding)
{
if (url.IndexOf("?") < 0)
url += "?";
int i = 0;
string sendContext = "";
foreach (var parameter in parameters)
{
if (i > 0)
{
sendContext += "&";
}
sendContext += HttpUtility.UrlEncode(parameter.Key, paraEncoding)
+ "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(parameter.Value, paraEncoding);
++i;
}
url += sendContext;
return url;
}
///
/// 格式化Post请求参数
///
/// 编码格式
/// 编码格式
/// 类型
/// parameters, Encoding dataEncoding, string contentType)
{
string sendContext = "";
int i = 0;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && contentType.ToLower().Trim() == "application/json")
{
sendContext = "{";
}
foreach (var para in parameters)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && contentType.ToLower().Trim() == "application/json")
{
if (i > 0)
{
if (para.Value.StartsWith("{"))
{
sendContext += string.Format(@",""{0}"":{1}", para.Key, para.Value);
}
else
{
sendContext += string.Format(@",""{0}"":""{1}""", para.Key, para.Value);
}
}
else
{
if (para.Value.StartsWith("{"))
{
sendContext += string.Format(@"""{0}"":{1}", para.Key, para.Value);
}
else
{
sendContext += string.Format(@"""{0}"":""{1}""", para.Key, para.Value);
}
}
}
else
{
if (i > 0)
{
sendContext += string.Format("&{0}={1}", para.Key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(para.Value, dataEncoding));
}
else
{
sendContext = string.Format("{0}={1}", para.Key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(para.Value, dataEncoding));
}
}
i++;
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && contentType.ToLower().Trim() == "application/json")
{
sendContext += "}";
}
byte[] data = dataEncoding.GetBytes(sendContext);
return data;
}
private static bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain,
SslPolicyErrors errors)
{
return true; //总是接受
}
}
}
调用方法：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
namespace HttpHelperNamespace
{
public class HttpTest
{
public void Test()
{
//GET http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json?&showcid=56261
var reqGET = HttpHelper.HttpRequest(
"GET" //string getOrPost,
, "http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json?&showcid=56261" //string url,
, null //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> headers,
, null //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> parameters,
, Encoding.UTF8 //Encoding dataEncoding,
, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8" //string contentType
);
System.IO.StreamReader readerGET;
readerGET = new System.IO.StreamReader(reqGET.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
var respHTML = readerGET.ReadToEnd(); //得到响应结果
readerGET.Close();
reqGET.Close();
POST http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json?&showcid=56261
Dictionary dict = new Dictionary();
dict.Add("showcid", "56261");
var reqPOST = HttpHelper.HttpRequest(
"POST" //string getOrPost,
, "http://interface.sina.cn/wap_api/layout_col.d.json" //string url,
, null //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> headers,
, dict //List < KeyValuePair < string, string >> parameters,
, Encoding.UTF8 //Encoding dataEncoding,
, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8" //string contentType
);
System.IO.StreamReader readerPOST;
readerPOST = new System.IO.StreamReader(reqPOST.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
var respHTMLPOST = readerPOST.ReadToEnd(); //得到响应结果
readerPOST.Close();
reqPOST.Close();
}
}
}
