QT串口类的使用，折线图绘制，导出数据到wps表格。crc校验实现

串口操作具体方法：

  首先下载QextSerial串口操作文件夹。

  构造函数将当前电脑的串口信息显示在comboBox控件上，等待选择；

foreach( const QSerialPortInfo &Info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())//读取串口信息

      {

          QSerialPort serial;

          serial.setPort(Info);        

          if( serial.open( QIODevice::ReadWrite) )//如果串口是可以读写方式打开的

          {

              ui->comboBox_portName_first->addItem(Info.portName());//在comboBox那添加串口号

              serial.close();//然后自动关闭等待人为开启（通过那个打开串口的PushButton）

          }

      }

点击打开串口按钮后进行相应串口类的配置

QString portname = ui->comboBox_portName_first->currentText();

    myCom = new QextSerialPort(portname);

        //串口数据读取连接

        connect(myCom, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(readMyCom()) );

        // 波特率

        myCom->setBaudRate(BAUD9600);

        // 数据位

        myCom->setDataBits(DATA_8);

        // 设置校验位

        myCom->setParity(PAR_NONE);

        // 设置停止位

        myCom->setStopBits(STOP_1);

        // 设置数据流

        myCom->setFlowControl(FLOW_OFF);

        myCom->setTimeout(200);

        bool flag = myCom->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite);

        if(false == flag)

        {

            QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("Warning"),tr("串口打开失败"));

        }

折线图绘制

然后添加qcustomplot.h和qcustomplot.cpp文件  提升一个widget控件。

 static QVector<double> temp(1000),temp1(1000); //全局静态变量，设置折线图的横纵坐标

    if(num1>999){ //小于1000按原值，大于1000按1000

        num1=1000;

    }

    if(num1<1000) //小于1000直接插入

    {

        temp1[num1]=num1;

        if(ui->UNITDOSE->text()=="μSv/h")

         {

              temp[num1]=ui->DOSE->value();

         }else{

              temp[num1]=ui->DOSE->value()*1000;

         }

    }else{

       for(int i=0;i<999;i++) //大于1000改变最后一位，按数组前移

        {

           temp[i]=temp[i+1];

        }

       if(ui->UNITDOSE->text()=="μSv/h")

        {

            temp[999]=ui->DOSE->value();

        }else{

            temp[999]=ui->DOSE->value()*1000;

       }

    }

    num1++;

    ui->tem_plot->addGraph(); //添加折线

    QPen pen; //画笔类

    pen.setWidth(1);

    pen.setBrush(Qt::red); //折线变成红色

    ui->tem_plot->graph(0)->setPen(pen);

    //ui->tem_plot->xAxis->setLabel("时间/s");

    //ui->tem_plot->yAxis->setLabel("dose/μsv/h");

    ui->tem_plot->xAxis->setRange(0,1000); //设置x轴的横坐标范围

    ui->tem_plot->graph(0)->rescaleValueAxis(); //设置y轴自动变化

    ui->tem_plot->graph(0)->setData(temp1,temp);

    ui->tem_plot->replot();

设置tablewidget的数据导入excel表格中

  ui->tableWidget->setColumnCount(6);    //设置列数

     ui->tableWidget->setRowCount(10000);        //设置行数/

     ui->tableWidget->setColumnWidth(0,160);

     QStringList header;

     header<<"时间"<<"TOTAL"<<"DOSE"<<"CPS"<<"CPM"<<"温度";

     ui->tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(header);//水平

     //自动调整宽度w

     ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setStretchLastSection(true);

添加数据

    QDateTime current_date_time = QDateTime::currentDateTime();

    QString current_date = current_date_time.toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss ddd");

    ui->tableWidget->setItem(num,0,new QTableWidgetItem(current_date));

    ui->tableWidget->setItem(num,1,new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(ui->TOTAL->value())+ui->UNITTOTAL->text()));

    ui->tableWidget->setItem(num,2,new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(ui->DOSE->value())+ui->UNITDOSE->text()));

    ui->tableWidget->setItem(num,3,new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(ui->lcdNumber_2->value())+ui->label_2->text()));

    ui->tableWidget->setItem(num,4,new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(ui->SHOWCPM->value())+ui->UNITCPM->text()));

    ui->tableWidget->setItem(num,5,new QTableWidgetItem(QString::number(ui->lcdNumber_5->value())+ui->label->text()));

    num++;

导出数据到execl

QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this, tr("Save File")," ",tr("file (*.csv)"));

        if (!fileName.isEmpty())

        {

            QFile file(fileName);

            bool ret = file.open( QIODevice::Truncate | QIODevice::WriteOnly);

            if(!ret)

                return;

            QTextStream stream(&file);

            QString conTents;

            QHeaderView * header = ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader() ;

            if (header)

            {

                for ( int i = 0; i < header->count(); i++ )

                {

                    QTableWidgetItem *item = ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeaderItem(i);

                    if (!item)

                    {

                        continue;

                    }

                    conTents += item->text() + ",";

                }

                conTents += "\n";

            }

            for ( int i = 0 ; i < ui->tableWidget->rowCount(); i++ )

            {

                for ( int j = 0; j < ui->tableWidget->columnCount(); j++ )

                {

                    QTableWidgetItem* item = ui->tableWidget->item(i, j);

                    if ( !item )

                        continue;

                    QString str = item->text();

                    str.replace(","," ");

                    conTents += str + ",";

                }

                conTents += "\n";

            }

            stream << conTents;

            file.close();

        }

crc校验运用

获得crc校验值

//获得CRC16值

//puchMsg:要校验的数组

//usDataLen:数组长度

quint16 MainWindow::crc16ForModbus(const QByteArray &data)

{

    static const quint16 crc16Table[] =

    {

        0x0000, 0xC0C1, 0xC181, 0x0140, 0xC301, 0x03C0, 0x0280, 0xC241,

        0xC601, 0x06C0, 0x0780, 0xC741, 0x0500, 0xC5C1, 0xC481, 0x0440,

        0xCC01, 0x0CC0, 0x0D80, 0xCD41, 0x0F00, 0xCFC1, 0xCE81, 0x0E40,

        0x0A00, 0xCAC1, 0xCB81, 0x0B40, 0xC901, 0x09C0, 0x0880, 0xC841,

        0xD801, 0x18C0, 0x1980, 0xD941, 0x1B00, 0xDBC1, 0xDA81, 0x1A40,

        0x1E00, 0xDEC1, 0xDF81, 0x1F40, 0xDD01, 0x1DC0, 0x1C80, 0xDC41,

        0x1400, 0xD4C1, 0xD581, 0x1540, 0xD701, 0x17C0, 0x1680, 0xD641,

        0xD201, 0x12C0, 0x1380, 0xD341, 0x1100, 0xD1C1, 0xD081, 0x1040,

        0xF001, 0x30C0, 0x3180, 0xF141, 0x3300, 0xF3C1, 0xF281, 0x3240,

        0x3600, 0xF6C1, 0xF781, 0x3740, 0xF501, 0x35C0, 0x3480, 0xF441,

        0x3C00, 0xFCC1, 0xFD81, 0x3D40, 0xFF01, 0x3FC0, 0x3E80, 0xFE41,

        0xFA01, 0x3AC0, 0x3B80, 0xFB41, 0x3900, 0xF9C1, 0xF881, 0x3840,

        0x2800, 0xE8C1, 0xE981, 0x2940, 0xEB01, 0x2BC0, 0x2A80, 0xEA41,

        0xEE01, 0x2EC0, 0x2F80, 0xEF41, 0x2D00, 0xEDC1, 0xEC81, 0x2C40,

        0xE401, 0x24C0, 0x2580, 0xE541, 0x2700, 0xE7C1, 0xE681, 0x2640,

        0x2200, 0xE2C1, 0xE381, 0x2340, 0xE101, 0x21C0, 0x2080, 0xE041,

        0xA001, 0x60C0, 0x6180, 0xA141, 0x6300, 0xA3C1, 0xA281, 0x6240,

        0x6600, 0xA6C1, 0xA781, 0x6740, 0xA501, 0x65C0, 0x6480, 0xA441,

        0x6C00, 0xACC1, 0xAD81, 0x6D40, 0xAF01, 0x6FC0, 0x6E80, 0xAE41,

        0xAA01, 0x6AC0, 0x6B80, 0xAB41, 0x6900, 0xA9C1, 0xA881, 0x6840,

        0x7800, 0xB8C1, 0xB981, 0x7940, 0xBB01, 0x7BC0, 0x7A80, 0xBA41,

        0xBE01, 0x7EC0, 0x7F80, 0xBF41, 0x7D00, 0xBDC1, 0xBC81, 0x7C40,

        0xB401, 0x74C0, 0x7580, 0xB541, 0x7700, 0xB7C1, 0xB681, 0x7640,

        0x7200, 0xB2C1, 0xB381, 0x7340, 0xB101, 0x71C0, 0x7080, 0xB041,

        0x5000, 0x90C1, 0x9181, 0x5140, 0x9301, 0x53C0, 0x5280, 0x9241,

        0x9601, 0x56C0, 0x5780, 0x9741, 0x5500, 0x95C1, 0x9481, 0x5440,

        0x9C01, 0x5CC0, 0x5D80, 0x9D41, 0x5F00, 0x9FC1, 0x9E81, 0x5E40,

        0x5A00, 0x9AC1, 0x9B81, 0x5B40, 0x9901, 0x59C0, 0x5880, 0x9841,

        0x8801, 0x48C0, 0x4980, 0x8941, 0x4B00, 0x8BC1, 0x8A81, 0x4A40,

        0x4E00, 0x8EC1, 0x8F81, 0x4F40, 0x8D01, 0x4DC0, 0x4C80, 0x8C41,

        0x4400, 0x84C1, 0x8581, 0x4540, 0x8701, 0x47C0, 0x4680, 0x8641,

        0x8201, 0x42C0, 0x4380, 0x8341, 0x4100, 0x81C1, 0x8081, 0x4040

    };

    quint8 buf;

    quint16 crc16 = 0xFFFF;

    for ( auto i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i )

    {

        buf = data.at( i ) ^ crc16;

        crc16 >>= 8;

        crc16 ^= crc16Table[ buf ];

    }

    return crc16;

}

调用方法

 QString zhuji = ui->baihao->currentText(); 

    QByteArray data;

    data=("020200000010");

    data[1]=zhuji[0].toLatin1();

    qDebug()<1];

    auto data1 = QByteArray::fromHex(data); //QBytearray数据类型变成16进制

    auto crc16ForModbus = MainWindow::crc16ForModbus( data1 );//计算一串16进制数据的crc校验码

    qDebug() << "crc16ForModbus:"   << crc16ForModbus   << QString::number( crc16ForModbus, 16 );

    QString str=QString::number(crc16ForModbus, 16 );

    int len = str.length();

    if(len%2 == 1)   //如果发送的数据个数为奇数的，则在前面最后落单的字符前添加一个字符0

    {

           str = str.insert(0,'0'); //insert(int position, const QString & str)

    }

    qDebug()< 
  
    data[12]=str[2].toLatin1(); //QString变成QByteArray类型;
 
  
    data[13]=str[3].toLatin1(); 
 
  
    data[14]=str[0].toLatin1();
 
  
    data[15]=str[1].toLatin1();
 
  
    qDebug()< 
  
    data=QByteArray::fromHex(data); //将QString类型变成16进制发送到串口
 
  
    myCom->write(data);//发送到串口
 
  
//位解析
 
  
 
  
QString MainWindow:: splitPath(QString c)
 
  
{
 
  
 
  
    int length = c.length();
 
  
    const char * p = c.toLocal8Bit().data();
 
  
    char n;
 
  
    QString q;
 
  
 
  
    if(length == 2){
 
  
 
  
        n=*p;
 
  
        QString qs0= findBinary(n);
 
  
 
  
        n=*(p+1);
 
  
        QString qs1= findBinary(n);
 
  
 
  
        q = qs1+qs0;
 
  
    }else{
 
  
 
  
        n=*p;
 
  
        QString qs0= findBinary(n);
 
  
 
  
        n=*(p+1);
 
  
        QString qs1= findBinary(n);
 
  
 
  
        n=*(p+2);
 
  
        QString qs2= findBinary(n);
 
  
 
  
        n=*(p+3);
 
  
        QString qs3= findBinary(n);
 
  
 
  
        q = qs1+qs0+qs3+qs2;
 
  
    }
 
  
 
  
    qDebug() << q;
 
  
    return q;
 
  
}
 
  
 
  
QString MainWindow::findBinary(char c)
 
  
{
 
  
    QString qs;
 
  
 
  
    switch (c)
 
  
    {
 
  
    case '0':
 
  
        qs = "0000";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '1':
 
  
        qs = "1000";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '2':
 
  
        qs = "0100";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '3':
 
  
        qs = "1100";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '4':
 
  
       qs = "0010";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '5':
 
  
       qs = "1010";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '6':
 
  
       qs = "0110";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '7':
 
  
       qs = "1110";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '8':
 
  
       qs = "0001";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case '9':
 
  
       qs = "1001";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case 'a':
 
  
        qs = "0101";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case 'b':
 
  
       qs = "1101";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case 'c':
 
  
       qs = "0011";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case 'd':
 
  
       qs = "1011";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case 'e':
 
  
       qs = "0111";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    case 'f':
 
  
       qs = "1111";
 
  
        break;
 
  
    default:
 
  
        break;
 
  
    }
 
  
 
  
    return qs;
 
  
}