Python参数传入，自己实现mutable string

参数传入有两种：

1.passing by value

2.passing by reference

C++ can pass-by-value and pass-by-reference

Straightforward. You can simulate pass-by-reference with pointers.  eg:void grow(int& age){}it's easier to write a swap method this way.

Java is pass-by-value

Primitive Types (non-object built-in types) are simply passed by value.  Passing Object References feels like pass-by-reference, but it isn't.  What you are really doing is passing references-to-objects by value.

OK, so what about Python?

Python passes references-to-objects by value (like Java), and everything in Python is an object. This sounds simple, but then you will notice that some data types seem to exhibit pass-by-value characteristics, while others seem to act like pass-by-reference... what's the deal?

It is important to understand mutable and immutable objects. Some objects, like strings, tuples, and numbers, are immutable.  Altering them inside a function/method will create a new instance and the original instance outside the function/method is not changed.  Other objects, like lists and dictionaries are mutable, which means you can change the object in-place. Therefore, altering an object inside a function/method will also change the original  object outside.

python中string是immutable的，那么如何实现自己的mutable string 呢？

class MutableString(object):
    def __init__(self, data):
        self.data = list(data)
    def __repr__(self):
        return "".join(self.data)
    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
        self.data[index] = value
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        if type(index) == slice:
            return "".join(self.data[index])
        return self.data[index]
    def __delitem__(self, index):
        del self.data[index]
    def __add__(self, other):
        self.data.extend(list(other))
    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.data)