MongoDB 4.0.8 基于X.509认证的3副本复制集群【实操系列】
文章目录
-
-
- 一、环境
- 二、认证相关
- 三、将产生的证书复制到对应服务器上
- 四、部署环境
-
- 1. 无认证启动mongodb
- 2. mongodb授权
- 3. 修改配置
- 4. 创建复制集
- 5. 重启mongodb
- 6. 测试使用ssl连接mongodb
-
- 6.1 root 登陆测试
- 6.2 普通账户登陆
- 7. 数据备份/恢复测试
-
- 7.0 错误范例
- 7.1 数据备份
- 7.2 数据恢复
- 8. 测试python驱动使用ssl连接mongodb
-
一、环境
| hostname | ip | role |
|---|---|---|
| mongo-1 | 10.1.1.1 | PRIMARY |
| mongo-2 | 10.1.1.2 | SECONDARY |
| mongo-3 | 10.1.1.3 | SECONDARY |
二、认证相关
$ cat server.sh
# ca
openssl req -passout pass:password -new -x509 -keyout ca_p.pem -out ca.pem -subj "/CN=jigela/OU=supsersb/O=supsersb/L=tm/ST=tm/C=CN"
# db
# sbtest-mongo-1
openssl req -newkey rsb:2048 -nodes -out sbtest-mongo-1.csr -keyout sbtest-mongo-1.key -subj '/CN=10.1.1.1/OU=supsersb/O=supsersb/L=tm/ST=tm/C=CN'
openssl x509 -passin pass:password -tma256 -req -in sbtest-mongo-1.csr -signkey sbtest-mongo-1.key -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca_p.pem -CAcreateserial -out sbtest-mongo-1.crt
cat sbtest-mongo-1.crt sbtest-mongo-1.key > sbtest-mongo-1.pem
# sbtest-mongo-2
openssl req -newkey rsb:2048 -nodes -out sbtest-mongo-2.csr -keyout sbtest-mongo-2.key -subj '/CN=10.1.1.2/OU=supsersb/O=supsersb/L=tm/ST=tm/C=CN'
openssl x509 -passin pass:password -tma256 -req -in sbtest-mongo-2.csr -signkey sbtest-mongo-2.key -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca_p.pem -CAcreateserial -out sbtest-mongo-2.crt
cat sbtest-mongo-2.crt sbtest-mongo-2.key > sbtest-mongo-2.pem
# sbtest-mongo-3
openssl req -newkey rsb:2048 -nodes -out sbtest-mongo-3.csr -keyout sbtest-mongo-3.key -subj '/CN=10.1.1.3/OU=supsersb/O=supsersb/L=tm/ST=tm/C=CN'
openssl x509 -passin pass:password -tma256 -req -in sbtest-mongo-3.csr -signkey sbtest-mongo-3.key -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca_p.pem -CAcreateserial -out sbtest-mongo-3.crt
cat sbtest-mongo-3.crt sbtest-mongo-3.key > sbtest-mongo-3.pem
$ cat root.sh
# Users
# root
openssl req -newkey rsb:2048 -nodes -out root.csr -keyout root.key -subj '/CN=root/OU=sb/O=supsersb/L=tm/ST=tm/C=CN'
openssl x509 -passin pass:password -tma256 -req -in root.csr -signkey root.key -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca_p.pem -CAcreateserial -out root.crt
cat root.crt root.key > root.pem
$ cat client.sh
openssl req -newkey rsb:2048 -nodes -out sbtest.csr -keyout sbtest.key -subj '/CN=sbtest/OU=sb/O=supsersb/L=tm/ST=tm/C=CN'
openssl x509 -passin pass:password -tma256 -req -in sbtest.csr -signkey sbtest.key -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca_p.pem -CAcreateserial -out sbtest.crt
cat sbtest.crt sbtest.key > sbtest.pem
三、将产生的证书复制到对应服务器上
| hostname | 存在证书 |
|---|---|
| mongo-1 | ca.pem、sbtest.pem、sbtest-mongo-1.pem |
| mongo-2 | ca.pem、sbtest.pem、sbtest-mongo-2.pem |
| mongo-3 | ca.pem、sbtest.pem、sbtest-mongo-3.pem |
四、部署环境
1. 无认证启动mongodb
略
2. mongodb授权
# 创建普通用户
> db.getSiblingDB('$external').runCommand({ createUser: "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest", roles:[{role: 'readWrite', db: 'sbtest'}] });
# 创建管理员用户
> db.getSiblingDB('$external').runCommand({ createUser: "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=root", roles:[{role:"root", db: "admin" }]})
3. 修改配置
systemLog:
destination: file
path: /opt/mongodb/27017/log/mongodb.log
logAppend: true
logRotate: "rename"
processManagement:
fork: true
pidFilePath: "/opt/mongodb/27017/mongod.pid"
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 0.0.0.0
ssl:
mode: requireSSL
PEMKeyFile: /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/dbmongo-1.pem # 根据机器不同授权不同文件
CAFile: /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem
security:
authorization: enabled
clusterAuthMode: x509
setParameter:
enableLocalhostAuthBypass: true
replWriterThreadCount: 32
storage:
dbPath: /opt/mongodb/27017/data
journal:
enabled: true
commitIntervalMs: 100
directoryPerDB: true
engine: wiredTiger
wiredTiger:
engineConfig:
cacheSizeGB: 4
journalCompressor: snappy
directoryForIndexes: true
collectionConfig:
blockCompressor: snappy
indexConfig:
prefixCompression: true
operationProfiling:
slowOpThretmoldMs: 500
mode: slowOp
replication:
oplogSizeMB: 10240
replSetName: replsbtest
4. 创建复制集
> use admin
> cfg = {_id: 'replsbtest', members: [
{_id: 0, host: '10.1.1.1:27017'},
{_id: 1, host: '10.1.1.2:27017'},
{_id: 2, host: '10.1.1.3:27017',}]
}
> rs.initiate(cfg)
5. 重启mongodb
略
6. 测试使用ssl连接mongodb
6.1 root 登陆测试
$ mongo --ssl --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/root.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.1 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=root"
MongoDB tmell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://10.1.1.1:27017/?authMechanism=MONGODB-X509&authSource=%24external&gssbpiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("ee9ae8da-8855-4c62-92b0-a73bb1153dee") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
Server has startup warnings:
2019-04-16T14:06:36.253+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten]
2019-04-16T14:06:36.253+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Using the XFS filesystem is strongly recommended with the WiredTiger storage engine
2019-04-16T14:06:36.253+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/prodnotes-filesystem
2019-04-16T14:06:37.463+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2019-04-16T14:06:37.463+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
---
Enable MongoDB's free cloud-based monitoring service, which will then receive and display
metrics about your deployment (disk utilization, CPU, operation statistics, etc).
The monitoring data will be available on a MongoDB website with a unique URL accessible to you
and anyone you tmare the URL with. MongoDB may use this information to make product
improvements and to suggest MongoDB products and deployment options to you.
To enable free monitoring, run the following command: db.enableFreeMonitoring()
To permanently disbble this reminder, run the following command: db.disbbleFreeMonitoring()
---
replsbtest:PRIMARY> use admin
switched to db admin
replsbtest:PRIMARY> db.system.users.find()
{ "_id" : "$external.C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=root", "user" : "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=root", "db" : "$external", "credentials" : { "external" : true }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ] }
{ "_id" : "$external.C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest", "user" : "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest", "db" : "$external", "credentials" : { "external" : true }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "sbtest" } ] }
replsbtest:PRIMARY>
6.2 普通账户登陆
# PRIMARY
$ mongo --ssl --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.1 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest"
MongoDB tmell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://10.1.1.1:27017/?authMechanism=MONGODB-X509&authSource=%24external&gssbpiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("f4e9eaa2-8c49-4721-a2e7-97734597f1f4") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
replsbtest:PRIMARY>
# SECONDARY
$ mongo --ssl --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.2 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest"
MongoDB tmell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://10.1.1.2:27017/?authMechanism=MONGODB-X509&authSource=%24external&gssbpiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("2c5b359a-685f-4e96-8989-d6bd259d82e9") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
replsbtest:SECONDARY>
$ mongo --ssl --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.3 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest"
MongoDB tmell version v4.0.8
connecting to: mongodb://10.1.1.3:27017/?authMechanism=MONGODB-X509&authSource=%24external&gssbpiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("599d30eb-c8a3-4165-94d9-d9cdd9555285") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.8
replsbtest:SECONDARY>
7. 数据备份/恢复测试
7.0 错误范例
$ mongodump --ssl --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.1 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest" -d sbtest
2019-04-16T15:23:21.936+0800 error dialing 10.1.1.1:27017: Host validation error
2019-04-16T15:23:22.444+0800 error dialing 10.1.1.1:27017: Host validation error
2019-04-16T15:23:22.952+0800 error dialing 10.1.1.1:27017: Host validation error
2019-04-16T15:23:23.960+0800 error dialing 10.1.1.1:27017: Host validation error
2019-04-16T15:23:24.467+0800 error dialing 10.1.1.1:27017: Host validation error
2019-04-16T15:23:24.975+0800 error dialing 10.1.1.1:27017: Host validation error
2019-04-16T15:23:25.475+0800 Failed: error connecting to db server: no reachable servers
同样的证书 mongo tmell可以启动 mongodump不可以，是因为mongodump命令中的host和server证书中的CN不相符（ps：这个地方很关键，此文章是通过使用
sslAllowInvalidHostnames来解决这个问题的，同样监控查看也要加此参数），建议将server证书的CN设置成对应服务器的hostname或是public ip。
7.1 数据备份
$ mongodump --ssl --sslAllowInvalidHostnames --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.1 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest" -d sbtest
2019-04-16T15:18:36.622+0800 writing sbtest.log to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.622+0800 writing sbtest.activity to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.622+0800 writing sbtest.env to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.622+0800 writing sbtest.process to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.844+0800 done dumping sbtest.process (4825 documents)
2019-04-16T15:18:36.844+0800 writing sbtest.resource to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.849+0800 done dumping sbtest.resource (802 documents)
2019-04-16T15:18:36.849+0800 writing sbtest.comment to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.851+0800 done dumping sbtest.comment (242 documents)
2019-04-16T15:18:36.851+0800 writing sbtest.suggestion to
2019-04-16T15:18:36.853+0800 done dumping sbtest.suggestion (26 documents)
2019-04-16T15:18:37.005+0800 done dumping sbtest.activity (29047 documents)
2019-04-16T15:18:37.085+0800 done dumping sbtest.env (19235 documents)
2019-04-16T15:18:37.333+0800 done dumping sbtest.log (180804 documents)
7.2 数据恢复
$ mongorestore --ssl --sslAllowInvalidHostnames --sslPEMKeyFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem --sslCAFile /opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem --authenticationMechanism MONGODB-X509 --authenticationDatabase='$external' --host 10.1.1.1 -u "C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest" -d sbtest dump/sbtest/
2019-04-16T15:15:32.367+0800 the --db and --collection args tmould only be used when restoring from a BSON file. Other uses are deprecated and will not exist in the future; use --nsInclude instead
2019-04-16T15:15:32.368+0800 building a list of collections to restore from dump/sbtest dir
2019-04-16T15:15:32.368+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.env from dump/sbtest/env.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:32.417+0800 restoring sbtest.env from dump/sbtest/env.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:32.419+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.activity from dump/sbtest/activity.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:32.419+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.process from dump/sbtest/process.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:32.419+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.log from dump/sbtest/log.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:32.487+0800 restoring sbtest.process from dump/sbtest/process.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:32.536+0800 restoring sbtest.activity from dump/sbtest/activity.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:32.591+0800 restoring sbtest.log from dump/sbtest/log.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:33.376+0800 restoring indexes for collection sbtest.process from metadata
2019-04-16T15:15:33.471+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.process (4825 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:33.471+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.resource from dump/sbtest/resource.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:33.527+0800 restoring sbtest.resource from dump/sbtest/resource.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:33.733+0800 no indexes to restore
2019-04-16T15:15:33.733+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.resource (802 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:33.733+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.suggestion from dump/sbtest/suggestion.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:33.789+0800 restoring sbtest.suggestion from dump/sbtest/suggestion.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:33.879+0800 no indexes to restore
2019-04-16T15:15:33.879+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.suggestion (26 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:33.879+0800 reading metadata for sbtest.comment from dump/sbtest/comment.metadata.json
2019-04-16T15:15:33.925+0800 restoring sbtest.comment from dump/sbtest/comment.bson
2019-04-16T15:15:34.019+0800 no indexes to restore
2019-04-16T15:15:34.019+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.comment (242 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:35.358+0800 [#####################...] sbtest.env 82.6MB/90.6MB (91.2%)
2019-04-16T15:15:35.358+0800 [###################.....] sbtest.activity 39.0MB/47.8MB (81.6%)
2019-04-16T15:15:35.358+0800 [###.....................] sbtest.log 6.24MB/38.8MB (16.1%)
2019-04-16T15:15:35.358+0800
2019-04-16T15:15:35.717+0800 [########################] sbtest.env 90.6MB/90.6MB (100.0%)
2019-04-16T15:15:35.718+0800 no indexes to restore
2019-04-16T15:15:35.718+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.env (19235 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:36.041+0800 [########################] sbtest.activity 47.8MB/47.8MB (100.0%)
2019-04-16T15:15:36.041+0800 no indexes to restore
2019-04-16T15:15:36.041+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.activity (29047 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:38.357+0800 [###########.............] sbtest.log 18.2MB/38.8MB (47.0%)
2019-04-16T15:15:41.357+0800 [##################......] sbtest.log 30.5MB/38.8MB (78.6%)
2019-04-16T15:15:43.845+0800 [########################] sbtest.log 38.8MB/38.8MB (100.0%)
2019-04-16T15:15:43.845+0800 no indexes to restore
2019-04-16T15:15:43.845+0800 finitmed restoring sbtest.log (180804 documents)
2019-04-16T15:15:43.845+0800 done
注意：参数--sslAllowInvalidHostnames
8. 测试python驱动使用ssl连接mongodb
$ ipython
Python 2.7.13 (default, Nov 24 2017, 17:33:09)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
IPython 5.1.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python's own help system.
object? -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.
In [1]: import ssl
In [2]: from pymongo import MongoClient
...:
In [3]: client = MongoClient('10.1.1.1',
...: username="C=CN,ST=tm,L=tm,O=supsersb,OU=sb,CN=sbtest",
...: authMechanism="MONGODB-X509",
...: ssl=True,
...: ssl_certfile='/opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/sbtest.pem',
...: ssl_cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
...: ssl_ca_certs='/opt/mongodb/27017/conf/ssl/ca.pem')
In [4]: mydict = {"title":"just do it"}
...:
In [5]: mydb=client["sbtest"]
...: mycol=mydb["coll"]
...:
In [6]: mycol.insert_one(mydict)
...:
Out[6]:
In [7]: mycol.find_one()
Out[7]: {u'_id': ObjectId('5cb00527d54e0c01715054d7'), u'title': u'just do it'}
In [8]:
