Centos7下安装部署Zabbix-server

1. Zabbix简介

• zabbix是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案。
• zabbix能监视各种网络参数，保证服务器系统的安全运营；并提供灵活的通知机制以让系统管理员快速定位/解决存在的各种问题。
• zabbix由2部分构成，zabbix server与可选组件zabbix agent。
• zabbix server可以通过SNMP，zabbix-agent，ping，端口监视等方法提供对远程服务器/网络状态的监视，数据收集等功能，它可以运行在Linux，Solaris，HP-UX，AIX，FreeBSD，Open BSD，OS X等平台上。

2. 服务器准备

2.1 主机信息+IP地址

#一台虚拟机
hostname：Zabbix-server
ip：server_ip_address

2.2 查看主机的系统版本信息

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) 

2.3 暂时关掉防火墙和Selinux

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo firewall-cmd --state
running
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux 

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo firewall-cmd --state                 
not running

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo setenforce 0  &&   sudo getenforce
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo sed -i  "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g"  /etc/sysconfig/selinux 

3. 安装Zabbix-server需要的环境（LAMP: httpd服务+数据库服务+php）

3.1 LAMP介绍

• LAMP：Linux+Apache+Mysql/MariaDB+Perl/PHP/Python一组常用来搭建动态网站或者服务器的开源软件，本身都是各自独立的程序，但是因为常被放在一起使用，拥有了越来越高的兼容度，共同组成了一个强大的Web应用程序平台。
• LNMP：LNMP指的是一个基于CentOS/Debian编写的Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、eAccelerator一键安装包。可以在VPS、独立主机上轻松的安装LNMP生产环境。

3.2 安装apache也就是httpd服务

3.2.1 直接yum安装

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y httpd
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo  rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-2.4.6-89.el7.centos.x86_64
httpd-tools-2.4.6-89.el7.centos.x86_64

3.2.2 设置httpd服务开机自启动

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl enable httpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ echo $?
0

3.2.3 启动httpd服务

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl start httpd && sudo echo $?
0

### 查看是否启动成功
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 二 2019-05-07 11:20:50 CST; 2min 24s ago   ###active (running)###
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 18729 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─18729 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18730 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18731 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18732 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18733 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─18734 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server httpd[18729]: AH00557: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for Zabbix-server
5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server httpd[18729]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified ...essage
5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

### 通过端口号查看httpd服务是否启动成功
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo lsof -i:80
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd   18729   root    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18730 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18731 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18732 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18733 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18734 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

3.3 安装数据库—存储zabbix采集到的数据

3.3.1 直接yum安装

注意：因为7版本的mysql要收费，所以我们这里安装mariadb代替mysql

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa mariadb
mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa mariadb-server
mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

3.3.2 设置mysql服务开机自启动

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$  sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service  && sudo echo $?
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
0

3.3.3 启动mysql服务

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl start mariadb.service  && echo $?
0

### 检查数据库是否启动成功

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo lsof -i:3306
COMMAND   PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld  19065 mysql   13u  IPv4  54342      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+----------------+
| version()      |
+----------------+
| 5.5.60-MariaDB |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit;
Bye

3.4 安装php环境

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y php php-mysql
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ echo $?
0
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa|grep php
php-cli-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-bcmath-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-ldap-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-pdo-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-mbstring-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-xml-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-gd-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-common-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-mysql-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64

4. 正式安装Zabbix-server

注意：zabbix-server也要监控自身，所以也要同时安装zabbix-agent

4.1 下载zabbix的rpm安装包

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ cd /home/tools/      

### 第一种下载安装rpm包的方法 ####    
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$  sudo wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ ll
总用量 875952
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     13572 8月  28 2017 zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm 
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ rpm -qa |grep  zabbix
zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch

### 第二种下载安装rpm包的方法 ####
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm
获取http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm
警告：/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.RJZaYd: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID a14fe591: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
        软件包 zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch 已经安装

4.2 安装zabbix*

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-get zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-sender
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa  zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-get zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-sender
zabbix-web-mysql-3.4.15-1.el7.noarch
zabbix-get-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
zabbix-web-3.4.15-1.el7.noarch
zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
zabbix-agent-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
zabbix-sender-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64

4.3 在数据库中创建一个zabbix库并设置为utf8的字符编码格式

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

4.4 向zabbix库导入表 — 初始化zabbix数据

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ sudo rpm -qa zabbix-server-mysql
zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ ll
总用量 2120
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      98 11月 12 18:50 AUTHORS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  866545 11月 12 18:50 ChangeLog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   17990 11月 12 18:50 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1267039 11月 12 18:54 create.sql.gz    ### ###
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      52 11月 12 18:50 NEWS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1062 11月 12 18:50 README

### 解压sql文件

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ sudo gunzip create.sql.gz  ###使用gunzip命令
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ ll
总用量 5756
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      98 11月 12 18:50 AUTHORS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  866545 11月 12 18:50 ChangeLog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   17990 11月 12 18:50 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4990625 11月 12 18:54 create.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      52 11月 12 18:50 NEWS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1062 11月 12 18:50 README

### 对表进行导入

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ mysql -uzabbix -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix;
Database changed
MariaDB [zabbix]> source create.sql;
MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;
MariaDB [zabbix]> exit;

4.5 配置zabbix server配置文件

[yuki@Zabbix-server ~]$ cd /etc/zabbix   
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ ll
总用量 28
drwxr-x---. 2 apache apache    32 5月   7 11:52 web
-rw-r--r--. 1 root   root   10632 11月 12 18:55 zabbix_agentd.conf
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root      37 5月   7 11:52 zabbix_agentd.d
-rw-r-----. 1 root   zabbix 15527 11月 12 18:55 zabbix_server.conf    #####

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo vi zabbix_server.conf
### 编辑之后的配置文件内容如下：
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo egrep -v "^$|^#"  zabbix_server.conf 
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.general.conf
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/*.conf
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix
DBHost=localhost   ####
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
LogSlowQueries=3000

4.6 设置zabbix-server服务开机自启动

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo systemctl enable zabbix-server.service  && echo $?     
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
0

4.7 启动zabbix-server

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo systemctl start zabbix-server.service  && echo $?       
0
### 检查zabbix-server是否启动成功？注意：zabbix-server服务没有端口。
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$  sudo ps -ef |grep zabbix_server
注意：是过滤zabbix_server而不是zabbix-server
因为：在sudo systemctl start zabbix-server.service启动的时候，
实际上是调用的 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf 命令

4.8 设置zabbix-server服务开机自启动

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo systemctl enable zabbix-server.service  && echo $?     
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
0

5. 开始LAMP和Zabbix-server的关联配置

5.1 配置httpd相关联的zabbix配置文件

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ cd /etc/httpd/conf.d
[yuki@Zabbix-server conf.d]$ ll
总用量 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2926 4月  24 21:45 autoindex.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  691 10月 31 2018 php.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  366 4月  24 21:46 README
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1252 4月  24 21:44 userdir.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  824 4月  24 21:44 welcome.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  870 7月  30 2018 zabbix.conf    ###修改这个文件配置###
[yuki@Zabbix-server conf.d]$ cat   /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf        
#
# Zabbix monitoring system php web frontend
#

Alias /zabbix /usr/share/zabbix

   ###zabbix-server安装路径####
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted

    
        php_value max_execution_time 300
        php_value memory_limit 128M
        php_value post_max_size 16M
        php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
        php_value max_input_time 300
        php_value max_input_vars 10000
        php_value always_populate_raw_post_data -1
        # php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga
         php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai     ###配置时区###
    



    Require all denied



    Require all denied



    Require all denied



    Require all denied

5.2 重启httpd服务

[yuki@Zabbix-server conf.d]$ sudo systemctl restart httpd.service && echo $?

6. 登录zabbix的web管理页面进行初始化配置

6.1 访问地址：http://server_ip_address/zabbix/setup.php

注意：Password是我们之前设置的数据库密码zabbix

到这一步就基本上完成了初始化配置了，接着就可以登录账号了

登陆账户默认是Admin 密码是zabbix

6.2 设置web页面中文显示

6.3 对Zabbix-server服务器自身进行监控

6.4 解决中文乱码无法显示的问题

中文乱码，如下图：

解决办法：从我们电脑win7(控制面板\所有控制面板项\字体)里面找到"黑体"(文件名：simhei.ttf)，然后右键复制到桌面，再然后上传到zabbix-server服务器指定路径下面，具体步骤操作如下：

[yuki@Zabbix-server ~]# cd /usr/share/zabbix/fonts
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
总用量 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 33 5月   7 11:52 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# sudo cp  graphfont.ttf  graphfont.ttf_bak20190510   ##先备份，防止出错##
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
总用量 704
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     33 5月   7 11:52 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 720012 5月  10 10:55 graphfont.ttf_bak20190510

[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# sudo rz -y
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer.  Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring simhei.ttf...
  100%    9523 KB    9523 KB/sec    00:00:01       0 Errors  

[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
总用量 10228
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root      33 5月   7 11:52 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  720012 5月  10 10:55 graphfont.ttf_bak20190510
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9751720 8月  22 2013 simhei.ttf
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# sudo  mv simhei.ttf  graphfont.ttf
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
总用量 10228
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9751720 8月  22 2013 graphfont.ttf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  720012 5月  10 10:55 graphfont.ttf_bak20190510

###修改配置结束后再次重启zabbix-server服务
[yuki@Zabbix-server ~]$ sudo systemctl start zabbix-agent.service  && echo $?       
0

修改成功再次登录刷新页面就没有中文乱码了，如下图：