智能商贸-day8-导入导出
1.1. Java操作Excel
1.1.1. 引入poi需要的jar包
org.apache.poi
poi
3.11
org.apache.poi
poi-ooxml
3.11
1.1.2. 创建Excel(完成99乘法表)
package cn.itsource.pss.common;
…
public class ExcelTest {
//创建一个Excel文件
//在文件里加一个99乘法法
//把这文件保存在项目中
@Test
public void testCreateExcel() throws Exception{
//1.创建一个Excel文件(内存中)
SXSSFWorkbook wb = new SXSSFWorkbook();
//2.创建一张表
Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("99乘法表");
//3.创建行
for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
Row row = sheet.createRow(i-1);
//4.创建列(格子)
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
Cell cell = row.createCell(j-1);
//5.格子中加数据
cell.setCellValue(i+"*"+j+"="+(i*j));
}
}
//从内存中写出来
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("99.xlsx");
wb.write(out);
out.close();
}
}
1.1.3. 读取Excel
可以使用我们已经准备好的excel文件做测试
/**
* 读取我们使用相应的方案
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void readExcel() throws Exception{
File file = new File("employee-3.xlsx");
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
//1.读取一个Excel文件(内存中)
Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);
//2.拿到第个sheet表
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
//3.拿到wb中的行(不要拿头部)
int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
for (int i = 1; i <= lastRowNum; i++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
//4.拿到每一列(格子)
short lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
System.out.print(cell.getStringCellValue()+" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
1.2. SpringMVC导出功能(了解认识)
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"); //mime类型
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");//设置不要缓存
OutputStream ouputStream = response.getOutputStream();
wb.write(ouputStream);
ouputStream.flush();
ouputStream.close();
1.2.1. 直接导出Excel文件
- employee.jsp添加导出按钮
导出
- EmployeeController完成导出功能
@RequestMapping("/download")
public void download(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
//准备下载的文件名
String filename = "employee.xlsx";
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", filename);
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"); //mime类型
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
//1.创建一个Excel文件(内存中)
SXSSFWorkbook wb = new SXSSFWorkbook();
//2.创建一张表
Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("99乘法表");
//3.创建行
for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
Row row = sheet.createRow(i-1);
//4.创建列(格子)
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
Cell cell = row.createCell(j-1);
//5.格子中加数据
cell.setCellValue(i+"*"+j+"="+(i*j));
}
}
//从内存中写出来
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
wb.write(out);
out.close();
}
1.2.2. 导出真实数据
导出数据时提交表单
- 完成导出功能的工具方法
package cn.itsource.pss.common;
…
//Excel的公共类
public class ExcelUtils {
/**
* 导出一个Excel文件
* @param filename 文件名称
* @param heads 文件头
* @param datas 文件内容
* @param response 响应
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void exportExcel(String filename, String[] heads, List datas, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", filename);
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"); //mime类型
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
//1.创建一个Excel文件(内存中)
SXSSFWorkbook wb = new SXSSFWorkbook();
//2.创建一张表
Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
//3.创建表头
Row headRow = sheet.createRow(0);
for (int i = 0; i < heads.length; i++) {
Cell cell = headRow.createCell(i);
cell.setCellValue(heads[i]);
}
//4.创建表中数据
for (int i = 1; i <= datas.size(); i++) {
//4.1创建数据行
Row row = sheet.createRow(i);
//4.2创建数据列
String[] rowData = datas.get(i-1);
for (int j = 0; j < rowData.length; j++) {
Cell cell = row.createCell(j);
cell.setCellValue(rowData[j]); //添加数据(注意:必需是字符串)
}
}
//从内存中写出来
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
wb.write(out);
out.close();
}
}
- EmployeeController完成导出方法
@RequestMapping("/download")
public void download(EmployeeQuery baseQuery,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
//准备相应的表头
String[] heads = {"编号","用户名","密码","邮件","年龄","部门"};
//拿到相应的员工数据
List employees = employeeService.findByQuery(baseQuery);
//把List格式转换成List格式
//1.准备相应的容器
List datas = new ArrayList<>();
//2.遍历List
for (int i = 0; i < employees.size(); i++) {
Employee employee = employees.get(i);//拿到某一个员工
//每一行数据与头像长度一致
String[] rowData = new String[heads.length];
//设置数据
rowData[0] = employee.getId().toString();
rowData[1] = employee.getUsername();
rowData[2] = employee.getPassword();
rowData[3] = employee.getEmail();
rowData[4] = employee.getAge()==null?"":employee.getAge().toString();
rowData[5] = employee.getDepartment()==null?"":employee.getDepartment().getName();
datas.add(rowData);
}
String filename = new String("员工.xlsx".getBytes("UTF-8"),"ISO-8859-1");
ExcelUtils.exportExcel(filename,heads,datas,response);
}
- employee.jsp 加上导出按钮
导出
- employee.js加上导出方法
var itsource={
…
//导出数据
export:function(){
$('#searchForm').submit();
}
}
1.3. SpringMVC导入功能(了解认识)
1.3.1. 添加相应配置(已经完成)
applicationContext-mvc.xml
1048576
1.3.2. 准备上传的页面
我们在系统中专门准备上传的页面
/WEB-INF/views/import.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
Title
<%@include file="/WEB-INF/views/head.jsp" %>
${count}
1.3.3. ImportController实现
package cn.itsource.pss.web.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/import")
public class ImportController extends BaseController {
//跳转到导入页面
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index(){
return "import";
}
//跳转到导入页面
@RequestMapping("/xlsx")
public String importXlsx(MultipartFile xlsxFile) throws Exception{
System.out.println(xlsxFile.getContentType()); //文件的类型(application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet)
System.out.println(xlsxFile.getName()); //文件的名称(xlsxFile)
System.out.println(xlsxFile.getOriginalFilename());//文件的名称(employee-3.xlsx)
System.out.println(xlsxFile.getSize()); //文件的大小
return "import";
}
}
1.3.4. 准备上传的工具方法
ExcelUtils:
/**
* 导入功能:传一个文件的输入流，讲取完成后返回一个相应的数据集合
* @throws Exception
*/
public static List importExcel(InputStream is) throws Exception{
//一.准备装数据的容器
List list = new ArrayList<>();
//1.读取一个Excel文件(内存中)
Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
//2.拿到第个sheet表
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
//3.拿到wb中的行(不要拿头部)
int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
for (int i = 1; i <= lastRowNum; i++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
//4.拿到每一列(格子)
short lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
//二.准备一个String[]装一行数据(有几列就有几条数据)
String[] data = new String[lastCellNum];
for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
data[j] = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
//三.把一行数据写到集合中去
list.add(data);
}
return list;
}
1.3.5. 完成ImportController
package cn.itsource.pss.web.controller;
…
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/import")
public class ImportController extends BaseController {
@Autowired
private IDepartmentService departmentService;
@Autowired
private IEmployeeService employeeService;
//跳转到导入页面
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index(){
return "import";
}
//跳转到导入页面
@RequestMapping("/xlsx")
public String importXlsx(MultipartFile xlsxFile, Model model) throws Exception{
//拿到上传的数据
List list = ExcelUtils.importExcel(xlsxFile.getInputStream());
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
//拿到每一行数据
String[] data = list.get(i);
//准备Employee对象进行数据放置
Employee employee = new Employee();
employee.setUsername(data[0]+ UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,5));//随机一个名称
employee.setPassword(data[1]);
employee.setEmail(data[2]);
String age = data[3];
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(age)){
employee.setAge(Integer.parseInt(age));
}
//拿到与设置部门
String deptName = data[4];
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(deptName)){
Department department = departmentService.findByName(deptName);
employee.setDepartment(department);
}
employeeService.save(employee);
count ++;
}
//给出成功提示
model.addAttribute("count","成功导入"+count+"条数据！");
return "import";
}
}
EasyPOI导出
1.3.6. 基本使用
引入咱们EASYPOI的JAR包
特别注意:把之前咱们的POI引入去掉(有冲突)
cn.afterturn
easypoi-base
3.2.0
cn.afterturn
easypoi-web
3.2.0
cn.afterturn
easypoi-annotation
3.2.0
1.3.7. Employee对象加注解
注意:一定要加上getter,setter
@Entity
@Table(name="employee")
public class Employee extends BaseDomain {
@Excel(name="用户名")
private String username;
private String password;
@Excel(name="邮件",width = 25)
private String email;
@Excel(name="年纪")
private Integer age;
@Excel(name = "头像",type = 2,savePath = "/images/head",height = 23)
private String headImage; //头像
@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name="department_id")
//Json Ignore(忽略) Properties(属性)
//@JsonIgnoreProperties(value={"hibernateLazyInitializer","handler","fieldHandler"})
@ExcelEntity
private Department department;
...
部门有相应的关连
@Entity
@Table(name="department")
public class Department extends BaseDomain {
@Excel(name = "部门名称")
private String name;
...
1.3.8. 员工的页面 Employee.jsp
1.3.9. 控制层进行导出 EmployeeController
/**
* 导出功能:下载
* @param map
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/download")
public String download(ModelMap map,EmployeeQuery query, HttpServletRequest request) {
//拿到所有数据
List list = employeeService.findByQuery(query);
//获取到真实路径
//解决了下载的图片的路径问题
String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("");
list.forEach(e -> {
e.setHeadImage(realPath+e.getHeadImage());
System.out.println(e.getHeadImage());
});
//设置一些属性
ExportParams params = new ExportParams("员工管理", "明细", ExcelType.XSSF);
//params.setFreezeCol(3);
map.put(NormalExcelConstants.DATA_LIST, list); // 数据集合
map.put(NormalExcelConstants.CLASS, Employee.class);//导出实体
map.put(NormalExcelConstants.PARAMS, params);//参数
map.put(NormalExcelConstants.FILE_NAME, "employee");//文件名称
//返回的名称 :easypoiExcelView -> 并没有找我的bean，而且当做一个路径去进行访问
// 现在默认去找的视图解析器，而没有找我的那一个bean
return NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW;//View名称
}
特别注意:要使用 return NormalExcelConstants.EASYPOI_EXCEL_VIEW
spring的.xml 需要加上：
1.4. EasyPOI导入
1.4.1. 准备一个导入页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
Title
<%@include file="/WEB-INF/views/head.jsp" %>
1.4.2. 准备controller
@RequestMapping("/employeeXlsx")
public String employeeXlsx(MultipartFile empFile) throws Exception {
//准备导入的参数
ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
params.setTitleRows(1);
List list = ExcelImportUtil.importExcel(
empFile.getInputStream(),
Employee.class,
params);
list.forEach(e ->{
// System.out.println(e+","+e.getDepartment());
//根据部门名称拿到它的部门，再放到对应的员工中
Department dept = departmentService.findByName(e.getDepartment().getName());
e.setDepartment(dept);
//给一个默认密码
e.setPassword("123");
employeeService.save(e);
});
return "import";
}
1.4.3. 准备相应的验证功能
- JSR 303 规范的导包
org.hibernate
hibernate-validator
5.2.4.Final
- Employee加上相应的注解
@Excel(name="用户名")
@NotNull(message = "用户名不为空")
private String username;
private String password;
@Excel(name="邮件",width = 25)
private String email;
@Excel(name="年纪")
@Max(value = 80,message = "max 最大值不能超过80")
private Integer age;
- 完成验证的功能
@RequestMapping("/employeeXlsx")
public String employeeXlsx(MultipartFile empFile, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//准备导入的参数
ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
params.setTitleRows(1);
// need:需要 verfiy:核实,验证
params.setNeedVerfiy(true); //需要验证
//excel导入的一个结果
ExcelImportResult result = ExcelImportUtil.importExcelMore(
empFile.getInputStream(),
Employee.class, params);
//引入正确的list（正常保存）
result.getList().forEach(e ->{
// System.out.println(e+","+e.getDepartment());
//根据部门名称拿到它的部门，再放到对应的员工中
Department dept = departmentService.findByName(e.getDepartment().getName());
e.setDepartment(dept);
//给一个默认密码
e.setPassword("123");
employeeService.save(e);
});
// //引入错误的list
// result.getFailList().forEach(e ->{
// System.out.println("错误的："+e);
// });
//如果有错误，就直接导出错误文件到前台
// Verfiy:检验 Fail：失败
if(result.isVerfiyFail()){
//如果验证失败，代码到这里面来
//失败的文件已经准备好了
Workbook failWorkbook = result.getFailWorkbook();
//把这个文件导出
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"); //mime类型
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=error.xlsx");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");//设置不要缓存
OutputStream ouputStream = response.getOutputStream();
failWorkbook.write(ouputStream);
ouputStream.flush();
ouputStream.close();
}
return "import";
}
1.4.4. 自定义验证
注意:一定要实现IExcelVerifyHandler接口
注意:扫描它，把它交给Spring管理
- 准备验证规则
/**
* 准备一个自定义验证
*/
@Component
public class EmployeeExcelVerifyHandler implements IExcelVerifyHandler {
@Autowired
private IEmployeeService employeeService;
@Override
public ExcelVerifyHandlerResult verifyHandler(Employee employee) {
ExcelVerifyHandlerResult result = new ExcelVerifyHandlerResult(true);
//如果存在，返回false
if(!employeeService.checkUsername(employee.getUsername())){
//代表用户名重复
result.setMsg("用户名重复");
result.setSuccess(false);
}
return result;
}
}
- 验证规则用起来
@Autowired
private EmployeeExcelVerifyHandler employeeExcelVerifyHandler;
@RequestMapping("/employeeXlsx")
public String employeeXlsx(MultipartFile empFile, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//准备导入的参数
ImportParams params = new ImportParams();
params.setTitleRows(1);
// need:需要 verfiy:核实,验证
params.setNeedVerfiy(true); //需要验证
//加入自定义验证
params.setVerifyHandler(employeeExcelVerifyHandler);
....
return "import";
}