JDBC中DAO模式的例子示范

----------------------------------------JDBC中DAO模式的例子示范---------------------------------------

1 JdbcUtils的作用

你也看到了,连接数据库的四大参数是:驱动类、url、用户名,以及密码。这些参数都与特定数据库关联,如果将来想更改数据库,那么就要去修改这四大参数,那么为了不去修改代码,我们写一个JdbcUtils类,让它从配置文件中读取配置参数,然后创建连接对象。

 

2 DAO模式

DAO(Data Access Object)模式就是写一个类,把访问数据库的代码封装起来。DAO在数据库与业务逻辑(Service)之间。

l  实体域(JavaBean),即操作的对象,例如我们操作的表是user表,那么就需要先写一个User类;

l  DAO模式需要先提供一个DAO接口;

l  然后再提供一个DAO接口的实现类;

l  再编写一个DAO工厂,Service通过工厂来获取DAO实现。

 

代码示例:

DBAutil类  主要功能,建立数据库连接,返回执行sql语句对象,释放资源

package com.rl.jdbc.utils;

 

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

import java.util.Properties;

 

publicclass DBUtils {

 

   

    /**

     * 获得connction方法

     * @return

     */

    publicstatic Connection getConn(){

        //获得字节输入流对象

        InputStream in = DBUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.propertise");

        Properties pps = new Properties();

        Connection conn = null;

        try {

           //将文件加载到properties集合中

           pps.load(in);

           //取得properties中的配置文件参数

           String driverClass = pps.getProperty("driverClass");

           String url = pps.getProperty("url");

           String username = pps.getProperty("username");

           String password = pps.getProperty("password");

           //加载Oracle驱动

           Class.forName(driverClass);

           //获得connection对象

           conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);

        } catch (Exception e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

        }

        returnconn;

    }

   

    /**

     * 获得执行sql语句返回的预编译PreparedStatement对象

     */

    publicstatic PreparedStatement getPrepare(String sql){

        PreparedStatement ps = null;

        try {

           Connection conn = getConn();

           ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

        } catch (SQLException e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

        }

        returnps;

    }

   

    /**

     * 关闭修改数据库所用到的资源

     */

    publicstaticvoid closeUpdate(PreparedStatement ps){

     try {

         if(ps != null){

           Connection conn = ps.getConnection();

           ps.close();

           if(conn != null)

               conn.close();

         }

       } catch (SQLException e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

       }

    }

   

    /**

     * 关闭查询数据库时所用到的资源

     */

    publicstaticvoid closeQuery(ResultSet rs){

        try {

           if(rs != null){

               Statement st = rs.getStatement();

               rs.close();

               if(st != null){

                   Connection conn = st.getConnection();

                   st.close();

                   if(conn != null){

                       conn.close();

                   }

               }

           }

        } catch (SQLException e) {

           e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}

 

 

Person类,用于插入,数据库中的表单到java中的数据共享。

package com.rl.jdbc.utils;

 

import java.util.Date;

 

publicclass Person {

 

    private Integer id;

   

    private String name;

   

    private String address;

   

    private Date birthday;

 

    public Integer getId() {

        returnid;

    }

 

    publicvoid setId(Integer id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

 

    public String getName() {

        returnname;

    }

 

    publicvoid setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

 

    public String getAddress() {

        returnaddress;

    }

 

    publicvoid setAddress(String address) {

        this.address = address;

    }

 

    public Date getBirthday() {

        returnbirthday;

    }

 

    publicvoid setBirthday(Date birthday) {

        this.birthday = birthday;

    }

 

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return"Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", address=" + address + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]\n";

    }

}

 

 

PersonDAO接口,定义person类于数据库中的一些方法

package com.rl.jdbc.dao;

 

import java.util.List;

 

import com.rl.jdbc.utils.Person;

 

public interface PersonDAO {

      

       public void savePerson(Person p);

      

       public void updatePerson(Person p);

      

       public Person getPersonById(Integer id);

      

       public List listPerson();

}

 

PersonDaoImpl类主要是实现PersonDAO接口中的方法

package com.rl.jdbc.dao.impl;

 

import java.sql.Date;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

 

import com.rl.jdbc.dao.PersonDAO;

import com.rl.jdbc.utils.DBUtils;

import com.rl.jdbc.utils.Person;

 

public class PersonDaoImpl implements PersonDAO {

 

       /**

        * 將person的屬性值寫入數據庫中

        */

       @Override

       public void savePerson(Person p) {

              //要執行的sql语句

              String sql = "insert into person values(personid.nextval,?,?,?)";

              //获得预编译对象

              PreparedStatement ps = DBUtils.getPrepare(sql);

              try {

                     ps.setString(1, p.getName());

                     ps.setString(2, p.getAddress());

                     ps.setDate(3, new Date(p.getBirthday().getTime()));

                     int count = ps.executeUpdate();

                     System.out.println("数据库插入数据");

              } catch (SQLException e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              } finally{

                     //关闭资源

                     DBUtils.closeUpdate(ps);

              }

       }

      

       /**

        * 对数据库中的person表进行修改

        */

       @Override

       public void updatePerson(Person p) {

              String sql = "update person t set t.id = ?,t.name = ?,t.address = ?, t.birthday = ? ";

              PreparedStatement ps = DBUtils.getPrepare(sql);

              try {

                     ps.setInt(1, p.getId());

                     ps.setString(2, p.getName());

                     ps.setString(3, p.getAddress());

                     ps.setDate(4, new Date(p.getBirthday().getTime()));

                     int count = ps.executeUpdate();

                     System.out.println("数据已经修改成功");

              } catch (SQLException e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              } finally{

                     DBUtils.closeUpdate(ps);

              }

             

       }

 

       /**

        * 按指定的ID获取person表的一行数据,并传入到返回的一个person对象属性中

        */

       @Override

       public Person getPersonById(Integer id) {

              String sql = "select * from person t where t.id = ?";

              PreparedStatement ps = DBUtils.getPrepare(sql);

              ResultSet rs = null;

              Person p = new Person();

              try {

                     ps.setInt(1, id);

                     //获得结果集对象

                     rs = ps.executeQuery();

                     //游标向下移动

                     rs.next();

                     //获取结果集对象中的值

                     Integer personid = rs.getInt("id");

                     String name = rs.getString("name");

                     String address = rs.getString("address");

                     java.util.Date birthday = rs.getDate("birthday");

                    

                     //将结果集中的集写入到Person对象中

                     p.setId(personid);

                     p.setName(name);

                     p.setAddress(address);

                     p.setBirthday(birthday);

                     System.out.println("数据已写入Person对象中");

              } catch (SQLException e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              } finally{

                     DBUtils.closeQuery(rs);

              }

             

              return p;

       }

 

       /**

        * 查询Person表所有的数据放入返回的Person集合中

        */

       @Override

       public List listPerson() {

              String sql = "select * from person";

              PreparedStatement ps = DBUtils.getPrepare(sql);

              ResultSet rs = null;

              //创建Person对象集合

              List listPerson = new ArrayList();

              Person p = new Person();

              try {

                     //获得结果集对象

                     rs = ps.executeQuery();

                     //定义计算插入数据数量的变量

                     int i = 0;

                     //循环游标向下移动

                     while(rs.next()){

                            //获取结果集对象中的值

                            Integer personid = rs.getInt("id");

                            String name = rs.getString("name");

                            String address = rs.getString("address");

                            java.util.Date birthday = rs.getDate("birthday");

                           

                            //将结果集中的集写入到Person对象中

                            p.setId(personid);

                            p.setName(name);

                            p.setAddress(address);

                            p.setBirthday(birthday);

                            listPerson.add(p);

                            i++;

                            System.out.println(i + "条数据已写入Person对象中并且添加到集合中");

                     }

              } catch (SQLException e) {

                     e.printStackTrace();

              } finally{

                     DBUtils.closeQuery(rs);

              }

             

              return listPerson;

       }

 

}

 

PersonTest类为了测试以上类功能是否能正常运转

package com.rl.jdbc.test;

 

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.List;

 

import com.rl.jdbc.dao.impl.PersonDaoImpl;

import com.rl.jdbc.utils.Person;

 

publicclass PersonTest {

 

    publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {

        PersonDaoImpl pd = new PersonDaoImpl();

        Person p = new Person();

        //p.setId(1);

        p.setName("李昆鹏");

        p.setAddress("地球之上");

        p.setBirthday(new Date());

        //插入数据

        //pd.savePerson(p);

        //修改数据

        //pd.updatePerson(p);

        //给出指定的ID从数据库中获取数据到person对象

        //p = pd.getPersonById(1);

        //System.out.println(p);  

        //将数据库Person表中所有的数据写入Person集合中

        List list = pd.listPerson();

        System.out.println(list);

    }

}

 

 

 

 

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