https://leetcode.com/
第一次刷了3个sql 的题。
2015.8.14
在本地测试用的Linux + oracle, leetcode 上用的是mySQL环境。
三个题都在本地测试通过了,到mySQL 上面就各种编译不通过,折腾了好几次才被accept
不过也算是对oracle 与 mySQL 的区别有了一些了解。
第一题 Weather
第二题 Customer with no order
第三题 Rank Scores
第四题 DepartmentTop Three Salaries
第五题 ConsecutiveNumbers
第六题Department HighestSalary
第七题Second highest salary
第八题Nth Highest Salary
第九题Delete DuplicateEmails
第十题Duplicate Emails
第十一题Trips and Users
第十二题Delete Duplicate Emails
第一题
Given a Weather table, write a SQL query tofind all dates' Ids with higher temperature compared to its previous(yesterday's) dates.
建表及插入测试数据
DROP TABLE weather PURGE; CREATE TABLE weather(id INT PRIMARY KEY, recorddate DATE, temperature INT ); INSERT INTO weather(id, recorddate, temperature) VALUES(1, SYSDATE,10); INSERT INTO weather(id, recorddate, temperature) VALUES(2, SYSDATE+1,25); INSERT INTO weather(id, recorddate, temperature) VALUES(3, SYSDATE+2,20); INSERT INTO weather(id, recorddate, temperature) VALUES(4, SYSDATE+3,30); |
oracle 版本的查询
SELECT a.id FROM weather a, weather b WHERE to_date(a.recorddate-1 ,'YYYY-MM-DD')=to_date(b.recorddate ,'YYYY-MM-DD') AND a.temperature>b.temperature; |
mySQL 版本的查询
SELECT a.Id FROM Weather a, Weather b |
比较
Oracle |
mySQL |
to_date(date) |
TO_DAYS(date) |
to_date( '2008-09-08') |
|
第二题
Suppose that a website contains two tables,the Customers table and the Orders table. Write a SQL query to find allcustomers who never order anything.
建表及插入测试数据
DROP TABLE Customers PURGE;CREATE TABLE Customers ( Id INT PRIMARY KEY, Name CHAR(20) );INSERT INTO Customers (Id, Name) VALUES(1,'joe');INSERT INTO Customers (Id, Name) VALUES(2,'henry');INSERT INTO Customers (Id, Name) VALUES(3,'sam');INSERT INTO Customers (Id, Name) VALUES(4,'max');DROP TABLE Orders PURGE; |
oracle 版本的查询
SELECT Name From Customers WHERE ( SELECT COUNT(1) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerId=Customers.Id) = 0; |
第三题
Rank Scores
Write a SQL query to rank scores. If there is a tie between twoscores, both should have the same ranking. Note that after a tie, the nextranking number should be the next consecutive integer value. In other words,there should be no "holes" between rank.
建表及插入测试数据
DROP TABLE Scores PURGE;CREATE TABLE Scores(Id INT PRIMARY KEY,Score FLOAT);INSERT INTO Scores(Id, Score) VALUES(1,3.59);INSERT INTO Scores(Id, Score) VALUES(2,3.65);INSERT INTO Scores(Id, Score) VALUES(3,4.00);INSERT INTO Scores(Id, Score) VALUES(4,3.85);INSERT INTO Scores(Id, Score) VALUES(5,4.00);INSERT INTO Scores(Id, Score) VALUES(6,3.65); |
oracle 版本的查询
SELECT a.Score, b.rankFROM Scores a, (SELECT sst.Id, COUNT(temp.ts) +1 rankFROM Scores sst, (SELECT DISTINCT Score ts FROM Scores) temp WHERE sst.Score GROUP BY sst.Id ) bWHERE a.Id=b.IdORDER BY a.Score DESC; |
mySQL 版本的查询
SELECT a.Score, b.rank |
比较
Oracle left join |
mySQL left jion |
table_a.column = table_b.column(+) |
table_a LEFT JOIN table_b ON CONDITION |
Oracle 分析函数实现
select score, dense_rank()over(order by score desc) from Scores ; |
2015.8.17
第四题
Department Top Three Salaries
建表及插入测试数据
DROP TABLE Employee PURGE; CREATE TABLE Employee ( Id INT PRIMARY KEY, Name CHAR(20), Salary INT, DepartmentId INT ); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(1,'joe',70000,1); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(2,'henry',80000,2); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(3,'sam',60000,2); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(4,'Max',90000,1); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(5,'Janet',69000,1); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(6,'Randy',85000,1); INSERT INTO Employee(Id, Name,Salary,DepartmentId) VALUES(7,'rap',85000,1);
DROP TABLE Department PURGE; CREATE TABLE Department ( Id INT PRIMARY KEY, Name CHAR(20) ); INSERT INTO Department(Id, Name) VALUES(1,'IT'); INSERT INTO Department(Id, Name) VALUES(2,'Sales'); |
假设待排名次的分数是: 99, 98,98,97
名次的两种排法:
有间隔的方法 |
无间隔的方法 |
第一名 99 第二名 98 第二名 98 第四名 97 |
第一名 99 第二名 98 第二名 98 第三名 97 |
oracle 版本的查询-有间隔 (worksfor mySQL)
SELECT d.Name Department, temp.Name Employee, temp.Salary Salary FROM Department d, ( SELECT em.Id Id,em.Name Name,em.Salary Salary,em.DepartmentId dep FROM Employee em WHERE ( #count records whose salary large than outer salary SELECT count(1) FROM Employee emp WHERE em.DepartmentId=emp.DepartmentId And em.Salary )<=2) temp #for record with highest salary, 0 record large than it; for record with second highest #salary, 1 record large than it. To get top three, records large than target record should #<=2 WHERE temp.dep=d.Id ORDER BY Department ,Salary DESC; #in this way, as ‘count’ does not remove duplicate records, there will be a gap after #records with same salary |
oracle 版本的查询-无间隔-1 (worksfor mySQL)
SELECT d.Name Department, temp.Name Employee, temp.Salary Salary FROM Department d, ( SELECT em.Id Id,em.Name Name,em.Salary Salary,em.DepartmentId dep FROM Employee em WHERE ( #with ‘count distinct’, the result is same as with no duplicate records SELECT count(distinct emp.Salary) FROM Employee emp WHERE em.DepartmentId=emp.DepartmentId And em.Salary<=emp.Salary )<=3) temp WHERE temp.dep=d.Id ORDER BY Department ,Salary DESC; |
Oracle 分析函数实现
select a.depart, a.name, a.salary from ( select d.name depart, e.name name, rank()over(partition by d.id order by e.salary desc) rank, e.salary salary from department d, employee e where d.id=e.departmentid ) a where a.rank<=3; |
第五题
Consecutive Numbers
Write a SQL query to find all numbers that appear at least three timesconsecutively.
+----+-----+
| Id | Num |
+----+-----+
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 7 | 2 |
+----+-----+
For example, given the above Logs table, 1 is the only number that appearsconsecutively for at least three times.
建表及插入测试数据
create table Logs(id int,num int);insert into Logs(id,num) values(1,1);insert into Logs(id,num) values(2,1);insert into Logs(id,num) values(3,1);insert into Logs(id,num) values(4,2);insert into Logs(id,num) values(5,1);insert into Logs(id,num) values(6,2);insert into Logs(id,num) values(7,2); |
oracle 版本的查询-1
Select distinct la.num |
needto fulfill two conditions:
1. 3 rows selected in inner query
2. all three records have same 'num' value
below code fulfill condition 2, but not 1
oracle版本的查询-2
Select distinct la.num From Logs la Where( #if all the three records have same num value, the ‘count’get result 1 Select count(distinct lb.num) From Logs lb Where la.id<=lb.id and lb.id<=la.id+2 #filter records with id between la.id and la.id+2, get no more than 3 records )=1; |
mySQL 版本的查询 (error in leetcode)
Select distinct la.num From Logs la Where( #if all the three records have same num value, the ‘count’get result 1 Select count(distinct lb.num) From Logs lb Where la.id<=lb.id and lb.id<=la.id+2 #filter records with id between la.id and la.id+2, get no more than 3 records )=1 and # make sure 3 rows selected ( Select count(1) From Logs lb Where la.id<=lb.id and lb.id<=la.id+2 )=3; |
第六题
Department Highest Salary
TheEmployee table holds all employees. Every employee has an Id, a salary, andthere is also a column for the department Id.
| Id | Name | Salary | DepartmentId |
| 1 | Joe | 70000 | 1 |
| 2 | Henry | 80000 | 2 |
| 3 | Sam | 60000 | 2 |
| 4 | Max | 90000 | 1 |
The Department
tableholds all departments of the company.
+----+----------+
| Id | Name |
+----+----------+
| 1 | IT |
| 2 | Sales |
+----+----------+
Write a SQL query to find employees who have thehighest salary in each of the departments. For the above tables, Max has thehighest salary in the IT department and Henry has the highest salary in theSales department.
+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT | Max | 90000 |
| Sales | Henry | 80000 |
+------------+----------+--------+
建表及插入测试数据
|
oracle 版本的查询 (works for mySQL)
SELECT dep.name depart, ttm.na employee, ttm.sal salary FROM Department dep,( SELECT emp.Name na, emp.salary sal, emp.departmentid dd FROM Employee emp,( SELECT departmentid did, MAX(salary) ms FROM Employee GROUP BY departmentid) temp WHERE emp.salary=temp.ms AND temp.did=emp.departmentid) ttm WHERE dep.id=ttm.dd; |
mysql查询2 – 不正确的 employee name
分组查询时,select中不能出现group by及聚合函数中都没有用到的列名。
select dep.name department, max(em.salary) salary from Employee em, Department dep where em.departmentid=dep.id group by dep.name ; |
mysql查询3
select eb.dname department, ea.name employee, ea.salary salary from employee ea, ( select max(salary) ms, dep.name dname from Employee em, Department dep where em.departmentid=dep.id group by em.departmentid ) eb where ea.salary=eb.ms; |
第七题
Second highest salary
Write aSQL query to get the second highest salary from the Employee table.
+----+--------+
| Id | Salary |
+----+--------+
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 200 |
| 3 | 300 |
+----+--------+
Forexample, given the above Employee table, the second highest salary is 200. Ifthere is no second highest salary, then the query should return null.
建表及插入测试数据
DROP TABLE Employee PUGRE;CREATE TABLE Employee(id INT, salary INT);INSERT INTO Employee(id,salary) VALUES(1,100); |
oracle 版本的查询 (works for mySQL)
Functions like MAX, MIN, SUM will return null if the query result is“norow selected”.
SELECT MAX(em.salary) FROM Employee em WHERE em.salary< ( SELECT MAX(salary) FROM Employee ); |
第八题
Nth Highest Salary
建表及插入测试数据
|
知识点:
MySQL IFNULL()函数用法
IFNULL(expr1,expr2)
如果 expr1 不是 NULL,IFNULL() 返回 expr1,否则它返回 expr2。
告诉mysql解释器,该段命令是否已经结束了,mysql是否可以执行了。默认情况下,delimiter是分号。
在定义Function 时,将delimiter 改为 $$ 或者其它可唯一作为界定的符号。否则函数定义未录入完成前,mysql遇到分号就判定函数结束并开始执行,这样会导致错误。
DROP FUNCTION getNthHighestSalary;
SELECT getNthHighestSalary(8);
select * from table limit m,n
其中m是记录开始的index,0表示第一条记录,从第m+1条开始取。n是指取n条记录。select * from tablename limit 2,4即取出第3条至第6条,4条记录。
mySQL中实现rownum.的功能
select @rownum := @rownum+1 as rn, temp.sal ss from ( select distinct e.salary sal from Employee e order by e.salary DESC ) temp , (select @rownum :=0) r ; |
输出为(‘rn’ is the rownum )
mySQL 版本的查询
CREATE FUNCTION getNthHighestSalary(N INT) RETURNS INT BEGIN RETURN ( select ifnull(ttm.salary,null) salary from ( select @row_num := @row_num+1 rn , temp.sal salary from ( select distinct em.salary sal from Employee em order by em.salary DESC ) temp, (SELECT @row_num := 0) r ) ttm where ttm.rn=N ); END # ttm.rn=N means get the top one |
Result
|
第九题
Delete Duplicate Emails
Write a SQL query to delete all duplicate email entries in a table namedPerson, keeping only unique emails based on its smallest Id.
+----+------------------+
| Id | Email |
+----+------------------+
| 1 | [email protected] |
| 2 | [email protected] |
| 3 | [email protected] |
+----+------------------+
Id is the primary key column for this table.
For example, after running your query, the above Person table should havethe following rows:
+----+------------------+
| Id | Email |
+----+------------------+
| 1 | [email protected] |
| 2 | [email protected] |
+----+------------------+
建表及插入测试数据
drop table person purge;create table person(id int,email char(50));insert into person(id,email) values(1,'[email protected]');insert into person(id,email) values(2,'[email protected]');insert into person(id,email) values(3,'[email protected]'); |
oracle 版本的查询 (works for mysql)
select a.id,a.email from Person a, Person b where ( a.email=b.email and a.id union select c.id,c.email from Person c where ( select count(1) from Person d where c.email=d.email )=1; |
oracle 版本的查询 (works for mysql) – not pass yet
select min(a.id) id, a.email from Person a group by a.email ; |
2015.8.19
https://leetcode.com
第十题
Duplicate Emails
Write a SQL query to find all duplicate emails in a table named Person.
+----+---------+
| Id | Email |
+----+---------+
| 1 | [email protected] |
| 2 | [email protected] |
| 3 | [email protected] |
+----+---------+
For example, your query should return the following for the above table:
+---------+
| Email |
+---------+
+---------+
建表及插入测试数据
|
与自身做连接查询,找出那些email相等但id不相等的行。
oracle 版本的查询 (works for mysql)
select distinct a.emailfrom Person a, Person bwhere ( a.email=b.email and a.id |
第十一题
TheTrips table holds all taxi trips. Each trip has a unique Id, while Client_Idand Driver_Id are both foreign keys to the Users_Id at the Users table. Statusis an ENUM type of (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’,‘cancelled_by_client’). -
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
|Id | Client_Id | Driver_Id | City_Id | Status |Request_at|
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
|1 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed |2013-10-01|
|2 | 2 | 11 | 1 | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-01|
|3 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed |2013-10-01|
|4 | 4 | 13 | 6 | cancelled_by_client|2013-10-01|
|5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed |2013-10-02|
|6 | 2 | 11 | 6 | completed |2013-10-02|
|7 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed |2013-10-02|
|8 | 2 | 12 | 12 | completed |2013-10-03|
|9 | 3 | 10 | 12 | completed |2013-10-03|
|10 | 4 | 13 | 12 | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-03|
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
TheUsers table holds all users. Each user has an unique Users_Id, and Role is anENUM type of (‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’).
+----------+--------+--------+
|Users_Id | Banned | Role |
+----------+--------+--------+
| 1 | No | client |
| 2 | Yes | client |
| 3 | No | client |
| 4 | No | client |
| 10 | No | driver |
| 11 | No | driver |
| 12 | No | driver |
| 13 | No | driver |
+----------+--------+--------+
Writea SQL query to find the cancellation rate of requests made by unbanned clientsbetween Oct 1, 2013 and Oct 3, 2013. For the above tables, your SQL queryshould return the following rows with the cancellation rate being rounded totwo decimal places.
+------------+-------------------+
| Day | Cancellation Rate |
+------------+-------------------+
|2013-10-01 | 0.33 |
|2013-10-02 | 0.00 |
|2013-10-03 | 0.50 |
+------------+-------------------+
建表及插入测试数据 (for oracle)
DROP TABLE Trips PUGRE;CREATE TABLE Trips( Id INT, Client_Id INT, Driver_Id INT, City_Id INT, Status CHAR(20), Request_at CHAR(20));INSERT INTO Trips(Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES( 1,1,10,1,'completed','2013-10-01' ),( 3,3,12,6,'completed','2013-10-01' ),( 4,4,13,6,'cancelled_by_client','2013-10-01' ),( 5,1,10,1,'completed','2013-10-02' ),( 6,2,11,6,'completed','2013-10-02' ),( 7,3,12,6,'completed','2013-10-02' ),( 8,2,12,12,'completed','2013-10-03' ),( 9,3,10,12,'completed','2013-10-03' ),( 10,4,13,12,'cancelled_by_driver','2013-10-03' );DROP TABLE Users PUGRE;CREATE TABLE Users( Users_Id INT, Banned CHAR(10), Role char(10));INSERT INTO Users(Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES( 1,'No','client'),( 2,'Yes','client'),( 3,'No','client'),( 4,'No','client'),( 10,'No','driver'),( 11,'No','driver'),( 12,'No','driver'),( 13,'No','driver'); |
Oracle 初级版
select ta.Day Day, round(sum(ta.flag)/count(*),2) "Cancellation Rate"from ( select t1.status sta, t1.Request_at Day , case t1.status when 'completed' then 0 else 1 end as flagfrom Trips t1, Users u1where t1.Client_Id = u1.Users_Id and u1.Banned = 'No'and t1.Request_at between '2013-10-01' and '2013-10-03') tagroup by ta.Dayorder by ta.Day; |
Oracle 版本的查询 (works for mysql)
select t1.Request_at Day, round( sum( case t1.status when 'completed' then 0 else 1 end)/count(*),2) "Cancellation Rate" |
比较
Oracle |
mySQL |
支持PURGE |
不支持 PURGE |
No ENUM type |
CREATE TABLE Y( Id INT, Client_Id INT, Driver_Id INT, City_Id INT, Status ENUM( 'completed', 'cancelled_by_driver', 'cancelled_by_client' ), Request_at DATE); |
知识点: ENUM(mysql)
CREATE |
CREATE TABLE Trips( Id INT, Client_Id INT, Driver_Id INT, City_Id INT, Status ENUM( 'completed', 'cancelled_by_driver', 'cancelled_by_client' ), Request_at DATE); |
INSERT用ENUM 的索引及值都可以。插入完成后,下面第一条记录的status值为“completed”。 |
INSERT INTO Trips(Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES( 3,3,12,6,'1','2013-10-01' ), ( 4,4,13,6,'cancelled_by_client','2013-10-01' ); |
QUERY 同样可以使用索引, 查询结果的status值为“cancelled_by_driver” |
SELECT * FROM Trips WHERE status=2; |
第十二题
Delete Duplicate Emails
Write a SQL query to delete all duplicate email entries in a table namedPerson, keeping only unique emails based on its smallest Id.
建表及插入测试数据
drop table person purge;create table person(id int,email char(50));insert into person(id,email) values(1,'[email protected]');insert into person(id,email) values(2,'[email protected]');insert into person(id,email) values(3,'[email protected]'); |
mysql 版本-1
DELETE p1 FROM Person p1 INNER JOIN Person p2 WHERE p1.Email = p2.Email AND p1.Id > p2.Id; |
mysql 版本-2
DELETE FROM p1 USING Person p1 INNER JOIN Person p2 WHERE p1.Email = p2.Email AND p1.Id > p2.Id; |
Sugeei