"exploitation"和 "exploration"的区别

《Metaheuristics in structural optimization and discussions on harmony
search algorithm》
----M.P. Saka a
, O. Hasançebi b
, Z.W. Geem

Exploitation and Exploration are two basic components of any metaheuristic algorithm.

Exploitation（开发） is the step in which the algorithm uses local information in the search process to generate better solutions generally in close vicinity of the current ones.
在搜索过程中使用局部信息来生成更好的解的步骤，通常在当前解的附近

Exploration（探测） is the step in which the algorithm aims to explore the search space more thoroughly and find diverse solutions.
目的是更深入地探索搜索空间，找到不同的解决方案。

The efficiency of a metaheuristic algorithm lies on the fine balance of these two features.

Too much exploitation makes the algorithm converge quickly often to a local optimum, and too much exploration slows down the convergence of the procedure although it increases the probability of finding the global or near-optimum solution of the optimization problem.
过多的开发使得算法收敛速度很快，往往会收敛到局部最优，
过多的探测虽然增加了找到优化问题全局或近似最优解的概率，但会减慢算法的收敛速度。