美国加州山火肆虐，特朗普却说：科学啥也不懂……

最近，美国加州山火形势不容乐观。连日来，在干旱、大风、高温天气的影响下，美国西部地区多个州山火肆虐。


图源：CNN

目前，位于美国西海岸的加利福尼亚州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州仍是火情最为严重的州。山火持续燃烧，致使空气质量急剧下降。


图源：央视网

在当地时间9月14日的简报会上，加州自然资源部长Wade Crowfood在会上强调气候变化对火势的影响，对美国总统特朗普说：“今夏气温暴涨，加州死亡谷国家公园的温度已经打破了世界纪录，高达130华氏度（约54摄氏度），就连大洛杉矶地区都在120华氏度以上。”

With wildfires devastating the West. Wade Crowfoot, California Secretary for National Resources, told U.S President Donald Trump: "We had temperatures explode this summer. You may have learned that we broke a world record in Death Valley. 130 degrees fahrenheit (54°C), but even in greater LA 120 plus degrees.


图源：CNN

然而，美国总统特朗普却发声“打消”他的担忧：“天气会变凉快的，你等着瞧吧。”

"It'll start getting cooler. You just watch."


图源：CNN

不过Wade Crowfood显然不认可特朗普的这一说法：“我希望科学会同意你的观点。”

"I wish science agreed with you," Crowfoot told him.

哪知道，特朗普随后跟上一句：“其实，我觉得科学啥也不懂。”近几周来，加州山火已经席卷数百万英亩的土地。

"I don't think science knows, actually," the President said at the briefing on the California wildfires that have destroyed millions of acres in recent weeks.

视频来源：CGTN

显然，特朗普这一番“高论”再次让外媒感到震惊，比如CNN直言：

在加州山火通报会上，特朗普毫无根据的质疑气候科学



至于原因为何，CNN的另一报道指出，特朗普似乎又把“天气”（weather）和“气候”（climate）两个概念混为一谈。



文中指出，气候和天气这两个问题，一直让特朗普搞不清。他说的没错，天气转凉，美国要进入冬季了。然而全球变暖的势头也没有改变。地球公转和自转，带给我们四季变化，却不意味着全球变暖就停止了。

With climate change, it is the difference between weather and climate that continually trips him up. He is right that yes, it will get cooler. We are heading into winter in the US -- and all the global warming in the world won't change Earth's annual trip around the sun or its tilt, which brings about the change in seasons. But that doesn't mean an end to global warming.

考虑到特朗普过往的一些言论，特朗普又一次搞混了天气季节性变化和气候的关系，同时他还忽视全球长期以来的变暖趋势。比如，在不同时期的推文中，特朗普都重复着这样的观点：天冷、暴风雪都意味着气候变化不再发生。

As he has done in the past, Trump is once again conflating seasonal weather with climate — and ignoring the planet's long-term warming trend. Trump has repeatedly suggested that a cold day or snowstorm must mean climate change is no longer occurring.



CNN报道说：天气是今天所发生的，而气候是长期的。

Weather is what happens today. Climate is what happens over the long run.

文中引用NASA在2005年的解释：天气是大气层内短时间内的状况，气候是大气层在相对长时间的行为。

"Weather is the condition in the atmosphere over a short period of time. Climate is how the atmosphere behaves over relatively long periods of time," according to a NASA explanation from 2005.

有关气候怀疑论者也在混淆这两个概念，试图将冬季严寒作为“全球变暖是骗局”的作证，很容易让其他人困惑。

Climate skeptics have conflated the two for years, for example, pointing to cold winter weather as proof that global warming is a hoax, most likely to play on people's confusion about the two.

而专家指出，“这个概念并非‘你住的地方暖和’，而是‘全球变暖’。”

"It is not 'Where You Live Warming,' it is 'Global Warming,'" An expert told CNN.

NPR：“我认为科学啥也不懂”：访问火灾地区，特朗普否认气候变化



包括联合国政府间气候变化工作小组以及美国国家气候评估等科学机构都在最新报告中认同，即使全球所有温室气体排放“急刹车”，全球变暖也可能继续数十年——当然，影响的严重性和全球变暖速率会降低。

Major scientific agencies such as the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the US National Climate Assessment agree in their latest reports that even if all greenhouse gas emissions came to a screeching halt, global warming would continue for decades — though the rate and severity could certainly be lessened by aggressively turning away from fossil fuels.

而下一年会变得更凉快吗？也不太可能。人类历史上最热的五年就是过去的五年，今年的数据依然会跻身前五。上一次出现某月比平均温度更凉快的情况还要追溯到1985年，也就是428个月以前了。

As for next year being cooler — unlikely. The five hottest years in the planet's history have been the last five — this year will almost certainly place in the top five. The last time the planet even had a month that was cooler than average? That would be 428 months ago, in 1985.

所以，气候并没有变得凉快，科学还是懂的。

So, no — the climate is not getting cooler anytime soon, and yes, the science knows.

综合来源：CNN，观察者网，CGTN，央视网，新华网

————世纪君开通视频号啦————