基于Springboot吞吐量优化解决方案

一、异步执行

实现方式二种:

1.使用异步注解@aysnc、启动类:添加@EnableAsync注解

2.JDK 8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture

@AllArgsConstructor
public class AskThread implements Runnable{
 private CompletableFuture re = null;

 public void run() {
 int myRe = 0;
 try {
  myRe = re.get() * re.get();
 } catch (Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
 System.out.println(myRe);
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
 final CompletableFuture future = new CompletableFuture<>();
 new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start();
 //模拟长时间的计算过程
 Thread.sleep(1000);
 //告知完成结果
 future.complete(60);
 }
}

在该示例中,启动一个线程,此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据,执行到 myRe = re.get() * re.get()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程,并将计算结果告诉future执行结果,AskThread线程将会继续执行。

public class Calc {
 public static Integer calc(Integer para) {
 try {
  //模拟一个长时间的执行
  Thread.sleep(1000);
 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
 return para * para;
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
 final CompletableFuture future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc(50))
  .thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i))
  .thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"")
  .thenAccept(System.out::println);
 future.get();
 }
}

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例,在supplyAsync()方法中,它会在一个新线程中,执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法,这个方法可能是比较慢的,但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度,supplyAsync()会立即返回。

而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约,在将来任何场合,用于获得最终的计算结果。supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况,CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时,使用这个方法比较多。

这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下,都是在ForkJoinPool.common线程池中执行,而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon(守护)线程,所以,当主线程结束时,这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。

核心代码:

CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->
 this.afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id)
);

异步调用使用Callable来实现

@RestController 
public class HelloController { 
 
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); 
 
 @Autowired 
 private HelloService hello; 
 
 @GetMapping("/helloworld") 
 public String helloWorldController() { 
 return hello.sayHello(); 
 } 
 
 /** 
 * 异步调用restful 
 * 当controller返回值是Callable的时候,springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理 
 * 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程,然后把response保持打开的状态 
 * 当Callable执行结束之后,springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求,然后DispatcherServlet就重新 
 * 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果, 然后返回视图 
 * 
 * @return 
 */ 
 @GetMapping("/hello") 
 public Callable helloController() { 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
 Callable callable = new Callable() { 
 
  @Override 
  public String call() throws Exception { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); 
  String say = hello.sayHello(); 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回"); 
  return say; 
  } 
 }; 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); 
 return callable; 
 } 
} 

异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask

@RestController 
public class HelloController { 
 
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class); 
 
 @Autowired 
 private HelloService hello; 
 
 /** 
 * 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间 
 * 
 * @return 
 */ 
 @GetMapping("/world") 
 public WebAsyncTask worldController() { 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
 
 // 3s钟没返回,则认为超时 
 WebAsyncTask webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable() { 
 
  @Override 
  public String call() throws Exception { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); 
  String say = hello.sayHello(); 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回"); 
  return say; 
  } 
 }); 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); 
 
 webAsyncTask.onCompletion(new Runnable() { 
 
  @Override 
  public void run() { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕"); 
  } 
 }); 
 
 webAsyncTask.onTimeout(new Callable() { 
 
  @Override 
  public String call() throws Exception { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout"); 
  // 超时的时候,直接抛异常,让外层统一处理超时异常 
  throw new TimeoutException("调用超时"); 
  } 
 }); 
 return webAsyncTask; 
 } 
 
 /** 
 * 异步调用,异常处理,详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类 
 * 
 * @return 
 */ 
 @GetMapping("/exception") 
 public WebAsyncTask exceptionController() { 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
 Callable callable = new Callable() { 
 
  @Override 
  public String call() throws Exception { 
  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); 
  throw new TimeoutException("调用超时!"); 
  } 
 }; 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); 
 return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable); 
 } 
} 

二、增加内嵌Tomcat的最大连接数

@Configuration
public class TomcatConfig {
 @Bean
 public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {
 TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
 tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());
 tomcatFactory.setPort(8005);
 tomcatFactory.setContextPath("/api-g");
 return tomcatFactory;
 }
 class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {
 public void customize(Connector connector) {
  Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
  //设置最大连接数  
  protocol.setMaxConnections(20000);
  //设置最大线程数  
  protocol.setMaxThreads(2000);
  protocol.setConnectionTimeout(30000);
 }
 }
}

三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快

四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow(Jboss下的服务器,Tomcat吞吐量5000,Undertow吞吐量8000)


 
  org.springframework.boot
  spring-boot-starter-tomcat
 

改为:


 org.springframework.boot
 spring-boot-starter-undertow

五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲

六、Deferred方式实现异步调用

@RestController
public class AsyncDeferredController {
 private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
 private final LongTimeTask taskService;
 
 @Autowired
 public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) {
 this.taskService = taskService;
 }
 
 @GetMapping("/deferred")
 public DeferredResult executeSlowTask() {
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法");
 DeferredResult deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>();
 // 调用长时间执行任务
 taskService.execute(deferredResult);
 // 当长时间任务中使用deferred.setResult("world");这个方法时,会从长时间任务中返回,继续controller里面的流程
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回");
 // 超时的回调方法
 deferredResult.onTimeout(new Runnable(){
 
 @Override
 public void run() {
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");
 // 返回超时信息
 deferredResult.setErrorResult("time out!");
 }
 });
 
 // 处理完成的回调方法,无论是超时还是处理成功,都会进入这个回调方法
 deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable(){
 
 @Override
 public void run() {
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion");
 }
 });
 
 return deferredResult;
 }
}

七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截

@Component
public class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {
 
 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class);
 
 @Override
 public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
 throws Exception {
 return true;
 }
 
 @Override
 public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
 ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服务调用完成,返回结果给客户端");
 }
 
 @Override
 public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
 throws Exception {
 if(null != ex){
 System.out.println("发生异常:"+ex.getMessage());
 }
 }
 
 @Override
 public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
 throws Exception {
 
 // 拦截之后,重新写回数据,将原来的hello world换成如下字符串
 String resp = "my name is chhliu!";
 response.setContentLength(resp.length());
 response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes());
 
 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法");
 } 
}

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