requests 返回的cookies为空_Python中用requests处理cookies的3种方法

在接口测试中，大多数项目的接口是需要登录后进行操作的，经常用到requests库进行模拟登录及登录后的操作，下面是我不断踩坑后总结出来的关于登录凭证cookies的3种操作方法。

一. 用 requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar() 把返回的cookies转换成字典

　　1. 处理cookies：

 1 import requests 2  3 def login(): 4     login_url = 'http://www.xxx.com/login 5     headers = { 6         "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01" 7     } 8     body = { 9         "usercode": "liuzz05@****.com",10         "password": "123456"11     }12     try:13         res = requests.post(url=login_url, headers=headers, data=body)14         cookies = res.cookies15 16         cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(cookies)17 18         return cookie19     except Exception as err:20         print('获取cookie失败：{0}'.format(err))

　　2. 使用cookie：

1 import requests2 3 def get_data():4     cookie = login()5     res = requests.get(url=get_data_url, cookies=cookie)6     print(res.text)

二. 遍历cookies的键值，拼接成cookie格式

　　1. 处理cookies：

 1 import requests 2  3 def login(): 4     login_url = 'http://www.xxx.com/login 5     headers = { 6         "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01" 7     } 8     body = { 9         "usercode": "liuzz05@****.com",10         "password": "123456"11     }12     try:13         res = requests.post(url=login_url, headers=headers, data=body)14         cookies = res.cookies.items()15 16         cookie = ''17         for name, value in cookies:18             cookie += '{0}={1};'.format(name, value)19 20         return cookie21     except Exception as err:22         print('获取cookie失败：{0}'.format(err))

　　2. 使用cookie：

1 import requests2 3 def get_data():4     cookie = login()5     headers = {6         "cookie": cookie7     }8     res = requests.get(url=get_data_url, headers=headers)9     print(res.text)

三. 直接拼接cookies，这种方法比较傻，前提是要知道cookies的键

　　1. 处理cookies：

 1 import requests 2  3 def login(): 4     login_url = 'http://www.xxx.com/login 5     headers = { 6         "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01" 7     } 8     body = { 9         "usercode": "liuzz05@****.com",10         "password": "123456"11     }12     try:13         res = requests.post(url=login_url, headers=headers, data=body)14         cookies = res.cookies15 16         phpsessid = cookies['phpsessid']17         env_orgcode = cookies['env_orgcode']18         acw_tc = cookies['acw_tc']19         aliyungf_tc = cookies['aliyungf_tc']20         last_env = cookies['last_env']21 22         cookie = 'phpsessid={0};env_orgcode={1};acw_tc{2};aliyungf_tc={3};last_env={4}'.format(23             phpsessid, env_orgcode, acw_tc, aliyungf_tc, last_env24         )25 26         return cookie27     except Exception as err:28         print('获取cookie失败：{0}'.format(err))

　　2. 使用cookie：

1 import requests2 3 def get_data():4     cookie = login()5     headers = {6         "cookie": cookie7     }8     res = requests.get(url=get_data_url, headers=headers)9     print(res.text)