Python操作Excel实例（封装从json读文件函数，将其存入excel函数）

目录

实例一 把列表内容写入Excel

实例二 将excel中的内容读到实例一的lst中

 封装——从json读文件函数Rjson，将其存入excel函数W_inExcel

封装——将写excel 读excel和copy excel都封装成类

---

实例一 把列表内容写入Excel

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import xlrd
import xlwt

wbook = xlwt.Workbook( )
wsheet = wbook.add_sheet("列表存入表")
""" :type :xlwt.Worksheet"""
lst = [{"id": 1, "name": "虞姬", "age": 25},
	   {"id": 2, "name": "王昭君", "age": 21,"住址":"南京"},
	   {"id": 3, "name": "成吉", "age": 265,"住址":"镇江"},
	   {"id": 4, "name": "鲁班", "age": 43}]
#选取最多的key作为表头
len_key = len(lst[0].keys())
for i in range(0,len(lst)):
	if len(lst[i].keys())>len_key:
		len_key=len(lst[i].keys())
		num=i
#表中写入表头
lst_key=list(lst[num].keys())
for i in range(len(lst_key)):
	wsheet.write(0,i,lst_key[i])
#循环写入表
for i in range(len(lst)):
	lst_value=list(lst[i].values())
	for j in range(len(lst_value)):
		wsheet.write(i+1,j,lst_value[j])
wbook.save("E:\\工作学习\\工作前自学\\Python\\excel_study\\excel_python.xls")

最后得到结果

实例二 将excel中的内容读到实例一的lst中

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import xlrd
import xlwt
"""将表中的内容写入字典list"""
wb=xlrd.open_workbook("E:\\工作学习\\工作前自学\\Python\\excel_study\\excel_python.xls")
wsheet=wb.sheet_by_index(0)
rowNum=wsheet.nrows
lst=[]
dic=dict.fromkeys(wsheet.row_values(0))
for i in range(rowNum):
	for j in range(wsheet.row_len(i)):
		dic[wsheet.cell_value(0,j)]=wsheet.cell_value(i,j)
	lst.append(dic)
print(lst)

最后结果

 封装——从json读文件函数Rjson，将其存入excel函数W_inExcel

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import xlwt
import json

"""从本地文件读json文件，针对格式为[{},{}]，且每个{}中的key相同，读到表格中key为第一行表头。
如果格式只有一个字典则变为[{}]"""
def Rjson(adress_file):
	try:
		with open(adress_file) as file_json:
			print("成功打开文件%s" % adress_file)
			json_load=json.load(file_json)
			lst_dict=json_load
	except IOError:
		print("文件打开失败，%s 文件不存在" % adress_file)
	else:
		if type(json_load) is dict:
			lst=[]
			lst.append(json_load)
			lst_dict =lst
		return lst_dict



"""	将上述读出的json_load放入excel，由于每个字典的keys都相同，故放第一行做表头"""
def W_inExcel(json_load,sheet_name,save_path):
	wbook = xlwt.Workbook()
	wsheet = wbook.add_sheet("sheet_name")
	""" :type :xlwt.Worksheet"""
	# 选取最多的key作为表头
	len_key = len(json_load[0].keys())
	num=0   ###记录keys最多的一行
	for i in range(len(json_load)):
		if len(json_load[i].keys()) > len_key:
			len_key = len(json_load[i].keys())
			num = i
	# 表中写入表头
	lst_key = list(json_load[num].keys())
	print(lst_key)
	for i in range(len(lst_key)):
		wsheet.write(0, i, lst_key[i])
	# 循环写入表
	for i in range(len(json_load)):
		lst_value = list(json_load[i].values())
		for j in range(len(lst_value)):
			if lst_value[j] is  dict or list:   ##放入Excel中的元素类型有限，转换为string
				lst_value[j]=str(lst_value[j])
			wsheet.write(i + 1, j, lst_value[j])
	wbook.save(save_path)



if __name__ == '__main__':
	adress_file="E:\\工作学习\\工作前自学\\Python\\record.json"
	save_path="E:\\工作学习\\工作前自学\\Python\\excel_study\\excel_python1.xls"
	sheet_name="存入"
	lst=Rjson(adress_file)
	print(lst)
	W_inExcel(lst, sheet_name, save_path)

输入为 

输出为 

和 

封装——将写excel 读excel和copy excel都封装成类

import xlrd
import openpyxl
import time


class ReadExcel:
    def __init__(self, excelPath, sheetName='Sheet1'):
        self.data = xlrd.open_workbook(excelPath)
        try:
            self.table = self.data.sheet_by_name(sheetName)
        except BaseException:
            self.table = self.data.sheet_by_index(0)
        # Get the first row as the key value
        self.keys = self.table.row_values(0)
        self.rowNum = self.table.nrows
        self.colNum = self.table.ncols

    def dic_data(self):
        if self.rowNum <= 1:
            print("The total number of testcases < 1")
        else:
            case_data = []
            data_num = 1
            for i in range(self.rowNum - 1):
                single_data = {}
                # Take the corresponding values from the second line
                single_data['rowNum'] = i + 2
                values = self.table.row_values(data_num)
                for x in range(self.colNum):
                    single_data[self.keys[x]] = values[x]
                case_data.append(single_data)
                data_num += 1
            return case_data


class WriteExcel:
    """
    change data of excel
    """

    def __init__(self, excel_path):
        self.excel = excel_path
        self.workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(excel_path)
        self.sheet = self.workbook.active

    def write_excel(self, row_n, col_n, value):
        self.sheet.cell(row_n, col_n).value = value
        self.workbook.save(self.excel)


def copy_excel(excel_ori, excel_dst=None):
    """
    copy data of excel_ori to excel_dst
    :param excel_ori:
    :param excel_dst:
    :return: None
    """
    if excel_dst is None:
        timestr = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
        excel_dst = excel_ori.rsplit(
            '.', 1)[0] + timestr + 'result.' + excel_ori.rsplit('.', 1)[1]
    dst = openpyxl.Workbook()
    dst.save(excel_dst)
    ori_workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(excel_ori)
    dst_workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(excel_dst)
    ori_sheets = ori_workbook.sheetnames
    dst_sheets = dst_workbook.sheetnames
    ori_sheet = ori_workbook[ori_sheets[0]]
    dst_sheet = dst_workbook[dst_sheets[0]]
    max_row = ori_sheet.max_row
    max_column = ori_sheet.max_column

    for m in range(1, max_row + 1):
        for n in range(97, 97 + max_column):
            n = chr(n)
            i = '%s%d' % (n, m)
            try:
                cell = ori_sheet[i].value
                dst_sheet[i].value = cell
            except BaseException:
                print()
    dst_workbook.save(excel_dst)
    ori_workbook.close()
    dst_workbook.close()