如何在Linux 已安装 Python2.7 共存 Python3.6.4

如果本机安装了python2,尽量不要管他,使用python3运行python脚本就好,因为可能有程序依赖目前的python2环境,

比如yum!!!!!

不要动现有的python2环境!

 

一. 安装准备

 

1. 安装依赖环境

  # yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

 

2.下载Python3

从官网下载相应的Python版本,目前最新版本为Python3.6.4,点击下载。

 

也可以通过如下命令下载:

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz

 

3. 安装第三方包

在Python下载目录依次运行如下命令:

[root@cdh1 opt]# tar zxvf Python-3.6.4.tgz [root@cdh1 opt]# cd Python-3.6.4

个人习惯安装在/usr/local/python3(具体安装位置看个人喜好)

创建目录:

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# mkdir -p /usr/local/python3 [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make install

make是一个编译命令,如果make的时候出现以下情况

那就是没有找到makefile,你看下configure的时候有没有报错呀,是不是提示有什么依赖的包没有装,先把依赖的包装了,再configure,试试,看有没有makefile

安装依赖包

Python3.6安装报错 configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH

安装python的时候出现如下的错误:

[root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.6 

checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking for --enable-universalsdk... no

checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit

checking MACHDEP... linux

checking for --without-gcc... no

checking for gcc... no

checking for cc... no

checking for cl.exe... no

configure: error: in `/usr/local/src/pythonSoft/Python-3.3.4':

configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH

See `config.log' for more details

 

由于本机缺少gcc编译环境

1、通过yum安装gcc编译环境:yum install -y gcc

2、本机没有安装yum功能,可下载gcc安装包:https://gcc.gnu.org/

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# yum install -y gcc

然后再make

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make install

 

4. 建立python3的软链

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

 

5.并将/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# vim ~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin

export PATH

==========================================

按ESC,输入:wq回车退出。

6.修改完记得执行行下面的命令,让上一步的修改生效:

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# source ~/.bash_profile

7.检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用:

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# python3 -V

Python 3.6.4

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 -V

pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

 

8.不行的话在创建一下pip3的软链接(我也不清楚这一步有什么用)

# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

二、安装pip以及setuptools

毕竟丰富的第三方库是python的优势所在,为了更加方便的安装第三方库,使用pip命令,我们需要进行相应的安装。

命令如下:

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]#wget --no-check-certificate  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-19.6.tar.gz#md5=c607dd118eae682c44ed146367a17e26

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]#tar -zxvf setuptools-19.6.tar.gz

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]#cd setuptools-19.6

[root@cdh1 setuptools-19.6]#python3 setup.py build

[root@cdh1 setuptools-19.6]#python3 setup.py install

 最后试下:

      [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]#python3

根据自己需求安装模块:

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install .... (requests\ flask)

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install requests

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install flask

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install gevent

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install redis

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install redis-py-cluster

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install pymongo

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install pillow

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install numpy

[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 install tensorflow

 

上下传文件命令:

yum -y install lrzsz  

解压缩文件:

yum install -y unzip zip

 

如果前面没布置好环境的话,继续操作如下方法:

  报错: RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module

  我们需要在linux中安装zlib-devel包,进行支持。

  yum install zlib-devel

  需要对python3.5进行重新编译安装。

  cd python3.6.1

  make && make install

  又是漫长的编译安装过程。

  重新安装setuptools

  python3 setup.py build

  python3 setup.py install

2、安装pip

命令如下:

wget --no-check-certificate  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-8.0.2.tar.gz#md5=3a73c4188f8dbad6a1e6f6d44d117eeb

tar -zxvf pip-8.0.2.tar.gz

cd pip-8.0.2

python3 setup.py build

python3 setup.py install

如果没有意外的话,pip安装完成。

如果没有搞好环境的话,会碰见亲切的报错:

  pip3 install paramiko

  报这个错

  pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.

  然后开始进行如下操作

  yum install openssl

  yum install openssl-devel

  cd python3.6.1

  make && make install

三.还可以参考下面同学的链接

https://www.cnblogs.com/kimyeee/p/7250560.html

 

 

远程拷贝命令:

[root@iZbp17myadp30d5qukpv2wZ opt]# scp Python-3.6.4.tgz [email protected]:/opt/

The authenticity of host '47.97.37.7 (47.97.37.7)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is e7:ac:cd:3b:3c:3e:b2:e1:0f:a1:4e:2d:81:25:1c:9b.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y

Please type 'yes' or 'no': y

Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes

Warning: Permanently added '47.97.37.7' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

[email protected]'s password:

Python-3.6.4.tgz

===========================================================================

安装上传下载文件命令:

yum -y install lrzsz  

 

在Linux系统下,用unzip命令解压缩的时候,出现错误: 

unzip: command not found 

其原因是找不到zip压缩软件

 

yum install -y unzip zip

 

脚本执行权限

chmod +x curl_ip.sh (filename)

./ filename

 

 

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