SpringMVC中响应数据和结果视图（完整代码演示）
响应数据和结果视图
- 代码目录结构
- 返回值分类
-
- 字符串
- void
- ModelAndView
- 转发和重定向
- ResponseBody响应json数据
代码目录结构
User类：
package com.Keafmd.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* Keafmd
*
* @ClassName: User
* @Description:
* @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
* @date: 2021-01-30 9:59
*/
public class User implements Serializable {
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.keafmd</groupId>
<artifactId>springmvc_day02_01_response</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>springmvc_day02_01_response Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<!-- 版本锁定 -->
<spring.version>5.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${
spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${
spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${
spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.11.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.11.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.11.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springmvc_day02_01_response</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
springmvc.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 开启注解扫描，配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.Keafmd"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!--告诉前端控制器，哪些静态资源，不拦截-->
<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
<!-- 开启SpringMVC框架注解支持，注解配置spring开启注解mvc的支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
success.jsp：
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Keafmd
Date: 2021/1/30
Time: 9:40
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>执行成功</h1>
${
user.toString()}
</body>
</html>
返回值分类
字符串
UserController类：
package com.Keafmd.controller;
import com.Keafmd.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Keafmd
*
* @ClassName: UserController
* @Description:
* @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
* @date: 2021-01-30 9:52
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
/**
* 返回字符串
* @param model
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/testString")
public String testString(Model model){
String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
//模拟从数据库中查询User对象
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("Keafmd");
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setAge(21);
//model对象
model.addAttribute("user",user);
return "success";
}
}
response.jsp：
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Keafmd
Date: 2021/1/30
Time: 9:40
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="user/testString">testString</a><br/>
</body>
</html>
运行效果：
执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testString
void
1.如果控制器的方法返回值编写成void，执行程序报404的异常，默认查找JSP页面没有找到，
文.件[/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp] 未找到。
2.可以使用请求转发或者重定向跳转到指定的页面。
UserController类：
/**
* 返回void
* 请求转发是一次请求，不用编写项目的名称
* @param
*/
@RequestMapping("/testVoid")
public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
//文.件[/WEB-INF/pages/user/testVoid.jsp] 未找到
//编写请求转发程序
//手动转发不会使用视图解析器，需要自己写路径
//request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
//如果这后面有代码，还是会继续执行的，不想执行加上return
//编写重定向程序
//response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
//设置中文乱码
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//直接进行响应
response.getWriter().println("hello牛哄哄的柯南");
return;
}
response.jsp：
<a href="user/testVoid">testVoid</a><br/>
运行效果：
执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testVoid
ModelAndView
ModelAndView对象是Spring提供的一个对象，可以用来调整具体的JSP视图。
UserController类：
/**
* 返回 ModelAndView
* 返回String底层调用的就是ModelAndView
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
public ModelAndView testModelAndView(){
String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
//创建ModelAndView对象
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
//模拟从数据库中查询User对象
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("小兰");
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setAge(21);
//把User对象存到mv对象中，也会把user对象存入request对象
mv.addObject("user",user);
//跳转到哪个页面
mv.setViewName("success");
return mv;
}
response.jsp：
<a href="user/testModelAndView">testModelAndView</a><br/>
运行效果：
执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testModelAndView
转发和重定向
UserController类：
/**
* 使用关键字进行转发或重定向
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/testForwardOrRedirect")
public String testForwardOrRedirect(){
String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
//请求的转发
//return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
//重定向
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
response.jsp：
<a href="user/testForwardOrRedirect">testForwardOrRedirect</a><br/>
运行效果：
执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testForwardOrRedirect
ResponseBody响应json数据
json字符串和JavaBean对象互相转换的过程中，需要使用jackson的jar包：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.11.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.11.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.11.2</version>
</dependency>
response.jsp：
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Keafmd
Date: 2021/1/30
Time: 9:40
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<script src="js/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script>
//页面加载，绑定页面单击事件
$(function (){
$('#btn').click(function (){
//alert("hello btn")
$.ajax({
//编写json格式。设置属性和值
url:"user/testAjax",
contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
data:'{"username":"Keafmd","password":"666","age":"21"}',
dataType:"json",
type:"post",
success:function (data){
//data指的是服务器端响应的数据，进行解析
alert(data);
alert(data.username);
alert(data.password);
alert(data.age);
}
});
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">发送ajax的请求</button>
</body>
</html>
UserController类：
package com.Keafmd.controller;
import com.Keafmd.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Keafmd
*
* @ClassName: UserController
* @Description:
* @author: 牛哄哄的柯南
* @date: 2021-01-30 9:52
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
/**
* 模拟异步请求响应
*/
@RequestMapping("/testAjax")
public @ResponseBody User testAjax(@RequestBody User user){
String clazz = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getClassName();
String method = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName();
System.out.println("执行了："+clazz+" - "+method);
//客户端发送ajax请求，传的是json字符串，后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
System.out.println(user);
//做相应，模拟查询数据库
user.setUsername("小兰");
user.setPassword("123");
return user;
}
}
运行效果：
执行了：com.Keafmd.controller.UserController - testAjax
User{
username='Keafmd', password='666', age=21}
以上就是SpringMVC中响应数据和结果视图的全部内容。
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共同努力！
Keafmd