python tkinter(3) menu 例子

1、menubutton


python tkinter(3) menu 例子_第1张图片
image.png

image.png

2、optionmenu
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()

var1 = StringVar()
var2 = StringVar()
opt1 = OptionMenu(root, var1, 'spam', 'eggs', 'toast') # like Menubutton
opt2 = OptionMenu(root, var2, 'ham', 'bacon', 'sausage') # but shows choice
opt1.pack(fill=X)
opt2.pack(fill=X)
var1.set('spam')
var2.set('ham')

def state(): print(var1.get(), var2.get()) # linked variables
Button(root, command=state, text='state').pack()
root.mainloop()
3、menu例子

!/usr/local/bin/python

"""
Tk8.0 style main window menus
menu/tool bars packed before middle, fill=X (pack first=clip last);
adds photo menu entries; see also: add_checkbutton, add_radiobutton
"""

from tkinter import * # get widget classes
from tkinter.messagebox import * # get standard dialogs

class NewMenuDemo(Frame): # an extended frame
def init(self, parent=None): # attach to top-level?
Frame.init(self, parent) # do superclass init
self.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
self.createWidgets() # attach frames/widgets
self.master.title("Toolbars and Menus") # set window-manager info
self.master.iconname("tkpython") # label when iconified

def createWidgets(self):
    self.makeMenuBar()
    self.makeToolBar()
    L = Label(self, text='Menu and Toolbar Demo')
    L.config(relief=SUNKEN, width=40, height=10, bg='white')
    L.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)

def makeToolBar(self):
    toolbar = Frame(self, cursor='hand2', relief=SUNKEN, bd=2)
    toolbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
    Button(toolbar, text='Quit',  command=self.quit    ).pack(side=RIGHT)
    Button(toolbar, text='Hello', command=self.greeting).pack(side=LEFT)

def makeMenuBar(self):
    self.menubar = Menu(self.master)
    self.master.config(menu=self.menubar)    # master=top-level window
    self.fileMenu()
    self.editMenu()
    self.imageMenu()

def fileMenu(self):
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Open...', command=self.notdone)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Quit',    command=self.quit)
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='File', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def editMenu(self):
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Paste',   command=self.notdone)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Spam',    command=self.greeting)
    pulldown.add_separator()
    pulldown.add_command(label='Delete',  command=self.greeting)
    pulldown.entryconfig(4, state=DISABLED)
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='Edit', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def imageMenu(self):
    photoFiles = ('ora-lp4e.gif', 'pythonPowered.gif', 'python_conf_ora.gif')
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    self.photoObjs = []
    for file in photoFiles:
        img = PhotoImage(file='../gifs/' + file)
        pulldown.add_command(image=img, command=self.notdone)
        self.photoObjs.append(img)   # keep a reference
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='Image', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def greeting(self):
    showinfo('greeting', 'Greetings')
def notdone(self):
    showerror('Not implemented', 'Not yet available')
def quit(self):
    if askyesno('Verify quit', 'Are you sure you want to quit?'):
        Frame.quit(self)

if name == 'main': NewMenuDemo().mainloop() # if I'm run as a script
4、

!/usr/local/bin/python

"""
same but add photos in toolbar using PIL to generate images
"""

from tkinter import * # get widget classes
from tkinter.messagebox import * # get standard dialogs

class NewMenuDemo(Frame): # an extended frame
def init(self, parent=None): # attach to top-level?
Frame.init(self, parent) # do superclass init
self.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
self.createWidgets() # attach frames/widgets
self.master.title("Toolbars and Menus") # set window-manager info
self.master.iconname("tkpython") # label when iconified

def createWidgets(self):
    self.makeMenuBar()
    self.makeToolBar()
    L = Label(self, text='Menu and Toolbar Demo')
    L.config(relief=SUNKEN, width=40, height=10, bg='white')
    L.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)

#def makeToolBar(self):
#    toolbar = Frame(self, cursor='hand2', relief=SUNKEN, bd=2)
#    toolbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
#    Button(toolbar, text='Quit',  command=self.quit    ).pack(side=RIGHT)
#    Button(toolbar, text='Hello', command=self.greeting).pack(side=LEFT)

def makeToolBar(self, size=(40, 40)):
    from PIL.ImageTk import PhotoImage, Image     # if jpegs or make new thumbs
    imgdir = r'../PIL/images/'
    toolbar = Frame(self, cursor='hand2', relief=SUNKEN, bd=2)
    toolbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
    photos = 'ora-lp4e-big.jpg', 'PythonPoweredAnim.gif', 'python_conf_ora.gif'
    self.toolPhotoObjs = []
    for file in photos:
        imgobj = Image.open(imgdir + file)        # make new thumb
        imgobj.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)   # best downsize filter
        img = PhotoImage(imgobj)
        btn = Button(toolbar, image=img, command=self.greeting)
        btn.config(relief=RAISED, bd=2)
        btn.config(width=size[0], height=size[1])
        btn.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.toolPhotoObjs.append((img, imgobj))  # keep a reference
    Button(toolbar, text='Quit', command=self.quit).pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)

def makeMenuBar(self):
    self.menubar = Menu(self.master)
    self.master.config(menu=self.menubar)    # master=top-level window
    self.fileMenu()
    self.editMenu()
    self.imageMenu()

def fileMenu(self):
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Open...', command=self.notdone)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Quit',    command=self.quit)
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='File', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def editMenu(self):
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Paste',   command=self.notdone)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Spam',    command=self.greeting)
    pulldown.add_separator()
    pulldown.add_command(label='Delete',  command=self.greeting)
    pulldown.entryconfig(4, state=DISABLED)
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='Edit', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def imageMenu(self):
    photoFiles = ('ora-lp4e.gif', 'pythonPowered.gif', 'python_conf_ora.gif')
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    self.photoObjs = []
    for file in photoFiles:
        img = PhotoImage(file='../gifs/' + file)
        pulldown.add_command(image=img, command=self.notdone)
        self.photoObjs.append(img)   # keep a reference
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='Image', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def greeting(self):
    showinfo('greeting', 'Greetings')
def notdone(self):
    showerror('Not implemented', 'Not yet available')
def quit(self):
    if askyesno('Verify quit', 'Are you sure you want to quit?'):
        Frame.quit(self)

if name == 'main': NewMenuDemo().mainloop() # if I'm run as a script

5、

!/usr/local/bin/python

"""
same, but add photos to toolbar as preexisting GIFs with standard tkinter
"""

from tkinter import * # get widget classes
from tkinter.messagebox import * # get standard dialogs

class NewMenuDemo(Frame): # an extended frame
def init(self, parent=None): # attach to top-level?
Frame.init(self, parent) # do superclass init
self.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
self.createWidgets() # attach frames/widgets
self.master.title("Toolbars and Menus") # set window-manager info
self.master.iconname("tkpython") # label when iconified

def createWidgets(self):
    self.makeMenuBar()
    self.makeToolBar()
    L = Label(self, text='Menu and Toolbar Demo')
    L.config(relief=SUNKEN, width=40, height=10, bg='white')
    L.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)

#def makeToolBar(self):
#    toolbar = Frame(self, cursor='hand2', relief=SUNKEN, bd=2)
#    toolbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
#    Button(toolbar, text='Quit',  command=self.quit    ).pack(side=RIGHT)
#    Button(toolbar, text='Hello', command=self.greeting).pack(side=LEFT)

def makeToolBar(self, size=(30, 30)):
    imgdir = r'../gifs/'
    toolbar = Frame(self, cursor='hand2', relief=SUNKEN, bd=2)
    toolbar.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
    photos = 'ora-lp4e.gif', 'pythonPowered.gif', 'python_conf_ora.gif'
    self.toolPhotoObjs = []
    for file in photos:
        img = PhotoImage(file=imgdir + file)
        btn = Button(toolbar, image=img, command=self.greeting)
        btn.config(bd=5, relief=RIDGE)
        btn.config(width=size[0], height=size[1])
        btn.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.toolPhotoObjs.append(img)  # keep a reference
    Button(toolbar, text='Quit', command=self.quit).pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)

def makeMenuBar(self):
    self.menubar = Menu(self.master)
    self.master.config(menu=self.menubar)    # master=top-level window
    self.fileMenu()
    self.editMenu()
    self.imageMenu()

def fileMenu(self):
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Open...', command=self.notdone)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Quit',    command=self.quit)
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='File', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def editMenu(self):
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Paste',   command=self.notdone)
    pulldown.add_command(label='Spam',    command=self.greeting)
    pulldown.add_separator()
    pulldown.add_command(label='Delete',  command=self.greeting)
    pulldown.entryconfig(4, state=DISABLED)
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='Edit', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def imageMenu(self):
    photoFiles = ('ora-lp4e.gif', 'pythonPowered.gif', 'python_conf_ora.gif')
    pulldown = Menu(self.menubar)
    self.photoObjs = []
    for file in photoFiles:
        img = PhotoImage(file='../gifs/' + file)
        pulldown.add_command(image=img, command=self.notdone)
        self.photoObjs.append(img)   # keep a reference
    self.menubar.add_cascade(label='Image', underline=0, menu=pulldown)

def greeting(self):
    showinfo('greeting', 'Greetings')
def notdone(self):
    showerror('Not implemented', 'Not yet available')
def quit(self):
    if askyesno('Verify quit', 'Are you sure you want to quit?'):
        Frame.quit(self)

if name == 'main': NewMenuDemo().mainloop() # if I'm run as a script

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