python简单计算器异常处理_Python实现的简单计算器

GUI运行截图:

上面那个简单的UI是用PyQt4实现的,如果对Qt比较熟悉的话,非常容易上手。

比如:

PyQt4里的单行文本框:

self.line_edit = QtGui.QLineEdit() # create an object of single line edit box

self.line_edit.text() # get texts in the edit box

self.line_setText("text") # set the text of edit box

还有Qt的布局:

self.main_layout = QtGui.QGridLayout()

# add layouts

self.main_layout.addLayout(self.edit_line_layout, 0, 0)

self.main_layout.addLayout(self.button_layout, 1, 0)

# set layout to window

self.setLayout(self.main_layout)

这些跟QT的用法一样,由于python的语法,写起来很简洁。

对于这个小东西,还有一点可以说的就是,异常处理。

下面是从后缀表达式得出计算结果的函数:

#calculate from stack, return result string

def calculate_from_stack(suffix_stack):

error_str = "error"

nan_str = "NaN"

if None == suffix_stack:

print "stack is empty!"

return error_str

data = suffix_stack.get_data()

calculate_stack = ExpStack.ExpStack()

for ele in data:

if is_number_str(ele):

calculate_stack.push(ele)

elif is_calculator_option(ele):

if calculate_stack.size() < 2:

print "Wrong suffix exps."

print_calculator_stack(suffix_stack)

return error_str

try:

num1 = float(calculate_stack.get_top())

calculate_stack.pop()

num2 = float(calculate_stack.get_top())

calculate_stack.pop()

if "+" == ele:

calculate_stack.push(num1+num2)

elif "-" == ele:

calculate_stack.push(num2-num1)

elif "*" == ele:

calculate_stack.push(num2*num1)

elif "/" == ele:

calculate_stack.push(num2/num1)

elif "^" == ele:

calculate_stack.push(num2**num1)

else:

print "Unknown calculator operator", ele

return error_str

except TypeError, e:

print "type error:", e

return error_str

except ValueError, e:

print "value error:", e

return error_str

except ZeroDivisionError, e:

print "divide zero error:", e

return nan_str

if 1 == calculate_stack.size():

return str(calculate_stack.get_top())

else:

print "Unknown error, calculate stack:"

print_calculator_stack(calculate_stack)

return error_str

由于python是弱类型的语言,我直接把栈里的字符串拿出来,转化为float进行运算,然后又压入栈中。

这样基本上不会因为数据类型的问题而头疼(之前用C 写的时候,因为类型问题,而开了两个栈,一个存运算符,一个存数字,那麻烦程度,不用多说),即使由于float()函数产生异常,用try-except语句也能轻松搞定,并且语法还比java,C++的try-catch要简洁。Python这么好用,为什么大学里不开设这门课呢?反而大部分同学编程入门都是学的比Python深奥的多的C,C++,因为Python太简单了吗?

总体来说,用python写程序真让人轻松不少。

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