第一、二、四、五单元课后题3.5.6.7题
第一单元
三
1.As the gender barriers crumbled, the number of women working as lawyers, doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly form the mid-20th century.
随着性别障碍的瓦解,从20世纪中期开始,从事律师、医生或银行家工作的女性数量开始显著增加。
2.With the data collected each year, the owner of the shop can discern customer trends and how things like weather and economic indicators affect sales performance.
通过每年收集的数据,店主可以了解顾客的趋势,以及天气和经济指标对销售业绩的影响。
3.His supervisor pushes and motivates him in such a positive manner that he is not only able to reach but to surpass his personal goals.
他的上司以一种积极的方式推动和激励他,使他不仅能够达到,而且能够超越自己的目标。
4.He is a man with a(n) shrewd business sense. He has built his initial investment into a substantial and even excessively large fortune.
他是个精明的生意人。他把最初的投资变成了一笔可观的、甚至是巨额的财富。
5.The conversion of nuclear radiation directly into electricity was an exciting possibility that was being vigorously explored in many laboratories in the 1950s.
将核辐射直接转化为电能是20世纪50年代许多实验室正在积极探索的一种令人兴奋的可能性。
6.I was not only shocked but also disgusted that the report tried to distort the scientific facts in such a manner that even some highly-educated people were fooled.
我不仅感到震惊,而且感到恶心,因为这份报告试图歪曲科学事实,甚至一些受过高等教育的人也被愚弄了。
7.Sixty-two and blessed with his mother’s skin, the fisherman had withstood a lifetime of exposure to the sun and looked as radiant as a man in his forties.
62岁的渔夫和他母亲的皮肤很有福气,他一生都在阳光下曝晒,看上去像四十多岁的人一样容光焕发。
8.French educator Louis Braille invented a simple but ingenious code which has had an impact on the lives of generations of people who are blind.
法国教育家路易斯·布莱叶发明了一种简单而巧妙的密码,这种密码对几代盲人的生活产生了影响。
9.The senators didn’t expect us to ask such tough questions, and when we finally did, they got stumped and didn’t know what to say.
参议员们没想到我们会问这么棘手的问题,当我们终于提出时,他们被难住了,不知该说些什么。
10.This newly established university supports the proposition that a more diverse higher education system is desirable since it would enhance opportunities for lifelong learning.
这所新成立的大学支持这样的观点:更多样化的高等教育体系是可取的,因为它将增加终身学习的机会。
五
1.Contrary to the predictions of some local economists, who always warned that higher wages and benefits would lead to slower growth and business bankruptcies, these policies had exactly the opposite effect.
与一些当地经济学家的预测相反，他们一直警告说，较高的工资和福利将导致经济增长放缓和企业破产，这些政策的效果正好相反。
2.There are growing concerns about the climate effects, such as melting ice caps, droughts, floods, etc., due to rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.
由于大气温室气体浓度上升，人们越来越担心气候影响，如冰盖融化、干旱、洪水等。
3.Long considered one of the great delicacies, goose liver most commonly appears on the menu of French dishes in high-end restaurants.鹅肝一直被认为是一道美味佳肴，在高档餐厅的法式菜肴菜单上最常见。
4.For the sake of the world’s future prosperity and for its elimination of hunger and disease, reforms and innovations must be pursued with urgency.
为了世界的未来繁荣和消除饥饿和疾病,改革和创新必须有紧迫感。
5.Many smart people became accountants instead of scientists because the science they were exposed to in school made accountancy seem more attractive by comparison.
许多聪明人成为了会计而不是科学家，因为他们在学校里接触到的科学使会计相比之下更具吸引力。
6.Despite the deepening economic gloom, he believes automobile sales will likely grow vigorously over the next three years as long as loan interest rates remain low.
尽管经济前景日益黯淡，但他相信只要贷款利率保持在较低水平，汽车销售在未来三年可能会强劲增长。
7.The nearly high-tech park helps the university become a(n) magnet for some of the mostambitious young business minds form around the country.
这个近乎高科技的公园让这所大学成为吸引全国最具雄心的年轻人商业头脑的磁石。
8.Photographs of this quality are rare among UFO Photographs, but in this particular shot you can clearly see a disc-shaped metallic object.
这种质量的照片在不明飞行物照片中很少见，但在这张照片中，你可以清楚地看到一个圆盘状的金属物体。
9.Since the scope of agriculture is wide,the administrators and information personnel involved in it must have a good mastery of the field.
由于农业的范围很广，涉及农业的管理人员和信息人员必须对该领域有很好的掌握。
10.Employers decide to create a(n) vacancy only when the expected profit of a filled o job exceeds the hiring costs for a new employee.
只有当一份全职工作的预期利润超过新员工的雇佣成本时,雇主才会决定创造一个职位空缺。
11.Parents often suffer deep feelings of guilt if their children fail to succeed, or don't into responsible and law-abiding members of society.
如果孩子没有成功,或者没有成为社会上负责任、遵纪守法的一员,父母往往会深感内疚。
12.I respect the need for secrecy at a particular point in family life. But I do believe that family members do better when they can speak openly about things that really matter.我尊重在家庭生活中某个特定时刻保守秘密的需要。但我相信家庭成员在公开谈论真正重要的事情时会做得更好。
六
Have you ever heard People say that they tend to be more of a right-brain or left-brain thinker?
From books to television programs, you have probably heard the term 1)C mentioned （提到）numerous times, or perhaps you have even taken an online test to 2)I determine which type best describes you.
Do different parts of the brain really control different bodily and mental functions? Over the
years, a theory that has 3)A gained in popularity is that the right brain and the left brain are
4)O responsible for different modes of thought and that the way in which a person thinks will
depend on which side of his brain works more actively.
People who rely more 5)F heavily on the right half of their brain tend to be more imaginative and spontaneous. They are interested in patterns, shapes and sizes, for the right brain is associated with 6)H artistic ability like singing, painting writing poetry, etc. Left-brain dominated people are quite 7)M opposite in the way they think. They tend to be more logical and 8)K analytical in their thinking and usually stand out in mathematics and word skills.
While the different functions of the two brain parts may have been 9)J distorted and exaggerated by popular psychology, understanding your strengths and weaknesses in certain areas can help you develop better ways to learn and study. For example, if you are usually 10)D stumped in trying to follow verbal instructions, an activity often cited as a right-brain characteristic, you can benefit from writing down directions and developing better organizational skills.
你听说过人们说他们更倾向于右脑或左脑思考者吗？从书本到电视节目，你可能听过很多次这个词，或者你甚至参加过一次在线测试我决定哪种类型最能描述你。
大脑的不同部分真的控制着不同的身体和精神功能吗？在多年来，一个广受欢迎的理论是右脑和左脑负责不同的思维方式，以及一个人的思维方式取决于他的大脑哪一边工作得更积极。
那些严重依赖右脑的人往往更富有想象力和自发性。他们对图案、形状和尺寸感兴趣，因为右脑与唱歌、绘画、写诗等艺术能力有关。左脑占主导地位的人的思维方式完全相反。他们在思维上更具逻辑性和分析性，在数学和单词技巧上也更突出。
虽然这两个大脑部分的不同功能可能被大众心理学扭曲和夸大了，但是了解你在某些领域的优势和弱点可以帮助你找到更好的学习和学习方法。例如，如果你经常被困在遵循口头指示的过程中，这种活动通常被认为是右脑的特征，那么你可以从写下指示和培养更好的组织能力中获益。
七
1.The brick walls of the ruined buildings were dipping with green mold and moisture, and she shivered involuntarily looking down to avoid the sight.
被毁坏的建筑物的砖墙被绿色的模具和湿气浸湿了，她不由自主地打颤着往下看，以避开视线。
2.As urban populations exported finished goods in exchange for raw materials from neighboring populations,organized trade grew substantially.
随着城市人口出口制成品以换取邻近人口的原材料，有组织的贸易大幅增长。
3.Knowing just how quickly a wildfire can spread, some residents of the village decided to leave their homes after the flames flared up nearby.
由于知道野火蔓延的速度有多快，村里的一些居民决定在附近的大火燃烧后离开他们的家。
4.Biology teachers often make an analogy between the heart and a pump in order to help students understand how the heart works.
生物学老师经常把心脏和泵作类比,以帮助学生理解心脏是如何工作的。
5.They would like to set a date for their wedding and announce their engagement to their families and friends as soon as possible.
他们想为他们的婚礼定一个日期，并尽快向他们的家人和朋友宣布订婚。
6.He was determined not to sour a perfectly good day with the memory of one jealous classmate trying to make a fool out of him in front of the entire class.（使...变成...）
他决心不让一天过得非常愉快，因为他想起了一个嫉妒的同学在全班同学面前试图愚弄他。
7.The couple made a pact never to work at the same time,so that one of them was always on full-time parenting duty,and their child wouldn’t have to be looked after by strangers.
这对夫妇约定永远不要同时工作，所以他们中的一个总是全职做父母，他们的孩子不必被陌生人照顾。
8.The president said that it's the worst earthquake ever to hit the country,and that he had appealed to the world for help, asking in particular for heavy-lift helicopters able to carry relief supplies into the isolated mountain areas.
总统说，这是该国有史以来最严重的地震，他呼吁全世界提供帮助，特别是要求能够向孤立山区运送救援物资的重型直升机。
第二单元
三
1. We need to improve the quality of education so that our children will not leave school deficient in literary and reasoning skills.
我们需要提高教育质量，这样我们的孩子就不会因为缺乏文学和推理能力而辍学。
2. In a society governed by the rule of law，every citizen is subject to possible prosecution if he violates the law.
在一个法治社会中，每个公民如果违反法律都可能受到起诉。
3. The pay gap between average workers and top corporate officers has led to pubic outrage as executives receive large packages despite falling share prices.普通员工与企业高管之间的薪酬差距，已引发公众的愤怒，因为尽管股价不断下跌，高管们仍能拿到巨额薪酬。
4. The delicious meal appeased our hunger and made us feel warm again after having walked in the snow all day.这顿美餐使我们的饥饿感减轻了，让我们在雪中走了一整天后又感到温暖。
5. The military insists on conformity in many areas，for example, dress and haircut， with the primary objective of promoting group unity.
军方坚持在许多领域保持一致，例如服装和发型，主要目的是促进群体团结。
6. My daughter used to play with the dog by taking a（n）strand of its hair and then spending a long time rubbing,combing and twisting it.我女儿过去常和这只狗玩耍，把它的一缕头发剪下来，然后花很长时间揉搓、梳理和捻。
7. When she left for the party，she took great care to make her necklace and shoes complement her dress.
当她去参加聚会时，她非常小心地让项链和鞋子与她的衣服相配。
8. It was necessary to provide living places for transient immigrants passing through the area on their way to more permanent dwellings.
有必要为经过这一地区前往更永久住所的临时移民提供居住场所。
9. They had just moved in，so they needed to buy a number of kitchen a appliances, including a microwave oven, a toaster,and a coffee maker.
他们刚刚搬进来的,所以他们需要购买一些厨房电器,包括微波炉,烤面包机,咖啡机。
10. She wanted a beautiful and elegant outfit to attend the wedding of a friend, but couldn't find anything satisfactory in the nearby shops.
她想要一套漂亮雅致的衣服去参加一个朋友的婚礼，但在附近的商店里找不到满意的东西。
五
1. The Internet challenges the domination of traditional media such as newspapers and television as the main sources of news in modern society.
互联网挑战了报纸、电视等传统媒体作为现代社会主要新闻来源的统治地位。
2. Some scientists warn that the x-ray scanners now being used to screen passengers at many
airports may be harmful to the human body.
一些科学家警告说，目前在许多机场用于筛查乘客的x射线扫描仪可能对人体有害。
3. Many people think that a（n）humanist should have very strong morals，in addition to beliefs in a philosophy that focuses on human values and concerns.
许多人认为一个人文主义者应该有很强的道德观，除此之外，还应该信仰一种注重人类价值和关注的哲学。
4. The police interviewed all six witnesses, but none of them could describe clearly how the confrontation began and who opened fire first.
警方采访了所有六名证人，但没有人能清楚地描述对峙是如何开始的，谁先开枪。
5. In politics, leftists are people who generally support social changes to create a more equal society and show concern for those who suffer disadvantages.在政治上，左翼人士通常支持社会变革，创造一个更加平等的社会，并关心那些遭受不利影响的人。
6. A study of mid-level administrators career orientation showed that many of these managers view their current position as a temporary step on an upward path.
一项对中层管理人员职业取向的研究表明，这些管理人员中的许多人认为他们目前的职位是在向上的道路上迈出的临时一步。
7. The idea that the United States is a melting pot implies that racial differences are to be erased
and that immigrants should give up their own cultural traditions.
认为美国是一个大熔炉的观点意味着种族差异将被消除，移民应该放弃他们自己的文化传统。
8. Effective measures should be taken to prevent terrorist from attacking civilians, people who have no power to defend themselves from bombs and guns.应该采取有效措施，防止恐怖分子袭击平民，这些平民没有能力保护自己不受炸弹和枪支的袭击。
9. Toyota is one of the world's largest manufacturers of cars，with more than 50 plants across the globe outside Japan.
丰田是世界上最大的汽车制造商之一，在日本以外的全球拥有50多家工厂。
10. He sent his parents some of his recent news articles in a（n）binder, arranged according to their publication dates.
他把他最近的一些新闻文章用活页夹寄给了父母，这些文章是根据他们的出版日期安排的。
11. This island became a colony after European imperialists decided to use it as their trading port in the 19th century.
在19世纪，欧洲帝国主义者决定把这个岛作为他们的贸易港口后，这个岛成了殖民地。 12. The concert to be held next month promotes music by composers from Africa and South America.
下个月举行的音乐会将推广来自非洲和南美洲的作曲家的音乐。
六
I was once in a relationship with a woman who was the most brilliant，creative and driven
person I'd ever known. I told her these things often because she didn't see herself this way despite 1)J achieving great success and acclaim（称赞）in her professional field. She was also 2)M gorgeous and sexy, though she seemed not to realize this either, so I told her these things too. But while I thought it was more important to praise her brilliance, it seemed to mean more to her that she was 3)L considered attractive.（被认为）
My experience with this girlfriend exemplifies a common phenomenon in life-when it comes
to complimenting a woman，men often walk a very difficult line. Of course, 4)B context matters. In a professional setting, talking about appearance is often inappropriate, but at a singles club, it may be important. She will be very pleased if a man thinks her clothes and 5）I accessories are pretty, or her hair looks wonderful. However, things in between these two cases are unclear. Women have every right to be recognized and 6)A appreciated for their intelligence and creativity. But at the same time, they want to be admired for their looks as well, for example, their perfect skin 7）H complexion and elegant outfits.（天然肤色）
Unfortunately, most guys don’t understand this. If we receive compliments from women, they＇re usually about our achievements, not our looks. Most of us don't expect a woman to tell us how 8)O handsome or sexy we are, and some of us would find it hard to regard such a（n）9)D comment as sincere.
I'm not saying it's very hard to be a guy these days.It is important for every man to
understand how to treat women with both respect and 10)F admiration. But as far as the right balance of these two is concerned, we really have no frame of reference, especially when it comes to looks.
我曾经和一个最聪明、最有创造力、最有动力的女人交往过
我认识的人。我经常告诉她这些事情，因为尽管我取得了巨大的成功和好评，但她并没有这样看待自己称赞在她的专业领域。她也很漂亮性感，尽管她似乎也没有意识到这一点，所以我也告诉了她这些事情。虽然我认为赞美她的才华更重要，但对她来说，这似乎意味着她更有吸引力。
我和这个女朋友的经历是生活中常见现象的例证——当它发生时，为了赞美一个女人，男人通常会走很难的路线。当然，背景很重要。在专业场合，谈论外表通常是不合适的，但是在单身俱乐部，这可能很重要。如果一个男人认为她的衣服和配饰很漂亮，或者她的头发看起来很棒，她会非常高兴。然而，这两起案件之间的情况尚不清楚。女性完全有权利得到认可，6)她们的智慧和创造力得到赏识。但与此同时，他们也希望自己的外表受到赞赏，例如，完美的肤色和优雅的服装。
不幸的是，大多数人不明白这一点。如果我们收到女性的赞美，通常是关于我们的成就，而不是我们的长相。我们大多数人都不指望女人会告诉我们自己有多英俊或性感，我们中的一些人会发现很难把这样的评论视为真诚。
我不是说现在做一个男人很难。对每个人来说，重要的是理解如何既尊重又钦佩女性。但就这两者的正确平衡而言，我们真的没有参照系，尤其是在外表方面。
七
1. Every month, the Community Services Center offers several lectures on health and fitness in hopes of introducing people to healthier lifestyles.每个月，社区服务中心都会举办几场关于健康和健身的讲座，希望向人们介绍更健康的生活方式。
2. Do you know who came up with the idea of having cheesecake for dessert yesterday? It was
delicious and made everyone happy.你知道昨天谁想出了吃芝士蛋糕当甜点的主意吗?味道很好，让每个人都很开心。
3. The pain medication left Claudia feeling rather dull and sleepy, and soon after dinner she
apologized for being such poor company and excused herself to bed.
止痛药让克劳迪娅感到相当的沉闷和困倦。晚饭后不久，她就为自己的失陪而道歉，并原谅自己上床睡觉。
4. When I was young, I was obsessed with maps, and I sometimes spent the whole day charting land routes from one point to another.
当我年轻的时候，我痴迷于地图，有时我花一整天的时间绘制从一个点到另一个点的陆地路线。
5. To make immigrants comfortable reaching out to police for help, more than 70 cities now bar
police from asking them to prove their legal status.为了让移民们乐于向警方求助，70多个城市禁止警方要求他们证明自己的合法身份。
6. Mary was often accused of“having a strong personality”because she was not afraid to voice an opinion on subjects about which she was knowledgeable.玛丽经常被指责“个性很强”，因为她不怕就她所了解的问题发表意见。
7. At the end of his term in office the governor was criticized for failure to live up to his campaign promise.
州长任期结束时，因未能履行其竞选诺言而受到批评。
8. Results of a survey revealed that of the top 10 automobile makers in terms of customer satisfaction, six were Japanese and two were German.一项调查结果显示，在消费者满意度排名前10的汽车制造商中，有6家是日本公司，2家是德国公司。（根据）
第四单元
三
I. I will conduct a top-to-bottom review of the state departments, agencies, and commissions, and seek to consolidate to eliminate them where appropriate.我将对国务院、各机构和各委员会进行自上而下的审查,并在适当的时候寻求合并,以消除它们。
2. To a 10-year-old girl, you need to offer understanding about her wishes and help her differentiate between fantasy and reality.
对于一个10岁的女孩,你需要理解她的愿望,帮助她区分幻想和现实。
3. When we heard about the dreadful suffering of the children and adults, our primary instinctlike millions of others, was to shed tears.当我们听到孩子和大人的痛苦时,我们的本能反应,就像成千上万的人一样,就是流泪。（可怕的）
4. It was when we started living together that we found, to sadness and surprise, that we were incompatible.当我们开始生活在一起时,我们悲伤和惊讶,的发现,我们是不相容的
5. It was alleged that he had taken a $50.000 bribe before the project was transferred toanother company.据称，在项目转移到另一家公司之前，他收受了50，000美元的贿赂。
6. The budget proposal has been described as"bizarre"and"inappropriate"by people objecting to it.
这项预算提案被反对的人形容为“奇怪的”和“不恰当的”
7. It seems that what people believe and what researchers have found out about the correlation between wealth and happiness are more different than overlappin
关于财富和幸福之间的相关性，人们相信的和研究人员发现的似乎比重叠更不同。
8. Current expenditure in this museum is negligible in comparison with the huge amount whichforeign museums of similar standing spend.与国外同类博物馆的巨额投资相比,这个博物馆的流动开支微不足道。
9. The air and rivers in this area are getting cleaner, and attempts to preserve animal species andtheir habitats have been mainly successful
这个地区的空气和河流变得越来越干净，保护动物物种和它们的栖息地的努力已经基本成功
10. If you can provide rational and intelligent debates from an unbiased point of view, maybe wewill all learn something.如果你能从一个不带偏见的角度提供理性和理智的辩论,也许我们都能学到一些东西。
五
I. After 24 hours of desperate fighting against the enemy, the native tribe emerged victorious,but the cost was dear在与敌人进行了24小时绝望的战斗后,土著部落取得了胜利,但代价是昂贵的
2. The study makes clear that air emissions even at levels below those commonly held to beacceptable are potentially hazardous to the health of inner-city residents.该研究明确指出,即使空气排放量低于通常认为可以接受的水平,也有可能对市中心居民的健康造成危害
3. The study showed that higher sea level would severely erode the countrys beaches, with the consequent loss of recreational opportunities and recreation-dependent business.研究表明,海平面上升会严重侵蚀这个国家的海滩,随之而来的是失去娱乐机会和依赖娱乐的商业活动
4. Ever since he was a small boy he has been dreaming of becoming a cowboy and leading aromantic adventurous life.他从小就梦想着成为一名牛仔,过一种浪漫的冒险生活
5. According to a recent report, the radiation leak from the damaged nuclear reactor has had a(n) disastrous effect on the environment根据最近的一份报告,受损核反应堆的辐射泄漏对环境产生了灾难性的影响。
6. Freshwater is not evenly distributed across the globe. From the statistics here, we can see thatthe Americas have the largest amount of fresh water and Oceania the smallest.淡水在全球的分布并不均匀。从这里的统计数据可以看出,美洲的淡水储量最大,大洋洲的淡水储量最小。
7. This is a large and spacious modem hotel offering high standards of accommodation andservice这是一个宽敞的现代酒店,提供高标准的住宿和服务
8. Iron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four femaleteenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively.一般来说,缺铁现象在女性中很常见,每四个少女中就有一个缺铁,18到45岁的女性中每五个就有一个缺铁。（分别是）
9. Many schools today stress academic achievement but don't always identity and reinforce thenotion that students need to become virtuous.今天许多学校强调学业成就，但并不总是认同并强化学生需要变得高尚的理由
10. Only about 15 percent of car thefts result in an arrest, because few police departments routinely conduct in-depth auto theft investigations.只有大约15%的汽车盗窃事件导致了逮捕,因为很少有警察部门定期进行深入的汽车盗窃调查
11. This all sounds harmonious, yet there was disorder, tension and conflict in our household. 这一切听起来都很和谐,但我们家却有混乱、紧张和冲突
12. My reason for leaving the present employer is that I am desirous of getting broader experiencen marketing.本人离职的理由:希望在市场营销方面,能获得更广泛的经验
六
Farming invariably interferes with the habitats of plants and animals. However, this does notnecessarily mean that agriculture and biodiversity are 1)C incompatible. In fact, quite thepposite is true. The sustainable cultivation of plants for food and feed actually enables us to2)G preserve biodiversity.
By 2007, there were more than twice as many people living on the planet as there were in1961. Over the same period. the total amount of 3) I available arable (可耕的) land grewby just 10 percent. In comparison with population growth, the expansion of arable land wassmall. And there are limits to further expansion. A large 4)N proportion of the earthssurface- like deserts- is not suitable for cultivation, and other areas are 5)F utilized byhumans for roads and buildings. Some land that is rich in biodiversity needs to be preservedand thus should not be 6)0 converted into arable land. The tropical rain forests, forexample, have the highest species density in the world, and changing this land for cropcultivation would be 7)J dreadful to these species habitats and, indeed, existence.
By 2050, global demand for food will have risen by 70 percent. But the expansion of landavailable for cultivation has its limits. This is one of the greatest challenges facing agriculturetoday: How do we 8) B balance the increased demand for food with the need to maintainbiological diversity, now and in the future?
Efficient and 9)L sane use of land will be key to preserving natural animal and planthabitats. To achieve this aim will depend to a(n) 10) A considerable extent on the use ofmodern agricultural methods. If these methods are successfully applied, we believe thatagriculture and biodiversity can coexist in harmony.
农业总是干扰动植物的栖息地。然而，这并不一定意味着农业和生物多样性是不相容的。事实上，这个假设很正确。植物作为食物和饲料的可持续种植实际上使我们能够保护生物多样性。
到2007年，地球上的人口是1961年的两倍多。在同一时期。我可用的可利用的耕地总量只增加了10%。与人口增长相比，可耕地的扩张很小。进一步扩张是有限度的。很大一部分类似地表的沙漠不适合耕种，其他地区被人类用作道路和建筑。一些生物多样性丰富的土地需要保护，因此不应该变成可耕地。例如，热带雨林是世界上物种密度最高的，改变这片土地进行作物栽培对这些物种的栖息地乃至生存来说都是可怕的。
到2050年，全球食品需求将增长70%。但是可用于耕种的土地的扩张是有限度的。这是当今和未来农业面临的最大挑战之一:我们如何平衡日益增长的食物需求和保持生物多样性的需求？
高效合理地利用土地是保护自然动植物栖息地的关键。实现这一目标在很大程度上取决于现代农业方法的使用。如果这些方法被成功应用，我们相信农业和生物多样性可以和谐共存。
七
1. After the painter s move to Paris in 1904. Picassos Rose Period paintings took on a warmerand more optimistic mood than the previous Blue Period.画家1904年搬到巴黎后。毕加索玫瑰时期的绘画比前一个蓝色时期更加温暖和乐观。（呈现）
2. There are a number of different occasions when you might be called upon to make a speechTherefore, you need to practice how to speak to a large audience.有很多不同的场合,你可能会被要求做一个演讲。因此,你需要练习如何向大量观众讲话
3. Schools in the US believe that cheating in examinations run against the grain of the"honorsystem" proposed by Thomas Jefferson hundreds of years ago.美国的学校认为考试作弊违背了托马斯·杰斐逊几百年前提出的“荣誉制度”。
4. Being a major global concern, rapid population growth is believed by many to be incompatible with sustainable management of the environment.人口迅速增长是全球关注的主要问题,许多人认为,这与环境的可持续管理是不相容的
5. It seems that many people have came though periods of stress, with more physical and mentalvigor than they had before
似乎许多人经历了压力时期，身体和精神状态都比以前更好了。
6. More and more native plants disappear every year. Saving them is important because our ownsurvival is bound up with their fate.每年越来越多的本土植物消失。拯救他们很重要,因为我们自己的生存与他们的命运息息相关
7. It's up to you to differentiate between those who have your interests at heart and those whwould take advantage of you你要区分那些把你的兴趣放在心上的人和那些想要占你便宜的人。
8. Although J K. Rowlings Harry Potter novels are written for"ages9-12, they strike a chord with many older readers.尽管Jk罗琳的《哈利波特》系列小说是为《年龄912》写的,但它们引起了许多年长读者的共鸣。
第五单元
三
1. Although he was not a legal expert, he knew it would not be proper to fabricate anything to mislead the public虽然他不是法律专家,但他知道伪造任何东西来误导公众是不恰当的
2. He does not work full time there, but he has been the nominal head of the organizationscholarship program for five years.他没有在那里全职工作,但他名义上己经担任该组织奖学金项目负责人五年了
3. As Mark walked the sites on that initial trip of the migrants, he found some important temporal clues-dated bus tickets, shopping receipts and calendars.当马克在最初的移民之旅中巡视这些遗址时,他发现了一些重要的时间线索―过期的汽车票、购物收据和日历
4. In urban planning, it is important to take into consideration the reciprocal influence between thetransportation network and other facilities, for example shopping centers and medical centers. 市规划中,重要的是要考虑到交通网络和其他设施之间的相互影响,例如购物中心和医疗中心
5. The label"Smart Choices"on the front of food packages usually denotes products that meetcriteria for lower fat, sugar and sodium(钠) content.“聪明的选择”的标签的食品包装通常是指产品满足标准低脂肪糖和钠盐(钠)的内容
6. The public high school graduation rates in New Mexico and Arizona have been increasing forthree consecutive years, thanks to an online program that helps students earn missing credits. 西哥州和亚利桑那州的公立高中毕业率已经连续三年上升,这多亏了一个在线项目,帮助学生获得丢失的学分
7. In the accident at the air show last week, a pilot and 10 spectators were killed when a fighter plane crashed into the crowd在上周的航展事故中，一架战斗机坠毁在人群中，一名飞行员和10名观众丧生
8. The mother was not sure where the boys went, but she did hear them muttering something aboutgoing out for a movie with friends.母亲不知道孩子们去了哪里,但她确实听到他们嘟囔着要和朋友起去看电影。
9. This newly released portrait of Planet Earth is actually a composite of several pictures taken earlier this month by a new research satellite.这张最新公布的地球照片实际上是本月初由一颗新的研究卫星拍摄的几张照片的合成
10. You shouldn't feel insulted. We can assure you he meant to be friendly and there was nothing impolite or malicious in his words.你不应该感到侮辱。我们可以向你保证他说的是友好的,他的话里没有什么不礼貌或恶意的
五
1. Some African countries have started a new program to conserve wildlife by giving local peoplegreater control over hunting.一些非洲国家启动了一项保护野生动物的新计划,赋予当地人民更大的狩猎控制权。
2. She hurt her wrist last week after falling from her bicycle. Now it is swollen, and she has trouble unbuttoning her coat.上星期她从自行车上摔下来,摔伤了手腕。现在肿了,她解开上衣的扣子也有困难
3. The author of this book is a(n) authoritative expert, so we believe that he can give a logical and objective description of the event.这本书的作者是一位权威的专家,所以我们相信他能对这个事件做出合乎逻辑和客观的描述。
4. As an experienced doctor in cancer treatment, she has offered consultative services on drugdevelopment to a number of medical companies作为一名经验丰富的癌症治疗医生,她为多家医疗公司提供药物开发咨询服务
5. The man was not usually so imaginative and thus his colleagues were all surprised when heproposed this creative use of studio techniques.这个人通常不是那么有想象力,所以当他提出创造性地使用工作室技术时,他的同事们都很惊讶
6. At the conference, the speaker presented a(n) quantitative analysis of the results from his yearlong experiment by using a group of tables and charts that contain detailed statistical data. te.演讲者用一组包含详细统计数据的表格和图表对他长达一年的实验结果进行了定量分析。
7. In this coming week, the finance minister will unveil the budget, the annual report of thecountry s economy, and the govemment' s plans for tax and spending for the year.在本周,财政部长将公布预算、国家经济年度报告以及政府今年的税收和支出计划
8. As a manager, David likes his employees to be assertive, to state or ask in a calm and directmanner what they want or need作为一名管理者,大卫喜欢他的员工表现出自信,以平静和直接的方式询问他们想要什么或需要什么。
9. The stock market fluctuated wildly last month, which unsettled investors because they wereafraid that the big losses they suffered two years ago would happen again.上个月,股票市场波动剧烈,令投资者感到不安,因为他们担心两年前遭受的巨大损失会再次发生
10.Parents mostly want their children to attend a good school. Hence, the quality of a school can play a（n）decisive role in helping families choose where to live.父母大多希望他们的孩子上一所好学校。因此,学校的质量在帮助家庭选择居住地方面起着决定性的作用
11. After you drink a cup of coffee, it takes about 30 minutes for the caffeine to work its way through your digestive tract and into your bloodstream喝完一杯咖啡后,咖啡因大约需要30分钟才能通过消化道进入血液。
12. There is a general belief that social science is qualitative and therefore not rigorous. However,this may not be true since social scientists also employ rigorous thinking in their research. 人们普遍认为社会科学是定性的，因此并不严格。然而，这可能不是真的，因为社会科学家在他们的研究中也运用了严谨的思维。
六
Stereotypes have some truth mixed in with a few generalizations. Sometimes thesegeneralizations can be misleading as they are often based on observation of the I)L exterior behavior of people in a certain culture. Spaghetti, pasta, mafia(黑手党), gestures, fashionthese are some words commonly used to describe Italians. How much truth is there in thstereotype? As an Italian myself, I will give you some 2) E insights into Italian soul andclarify some misunderstandings that foreigners have about us.
Spaghetti and pasta are sacred. You can't take pasta away from an Italian meal; otherwise itwon't be 3)0 complete. A typical Italian meal generally includes pasta as a starter, fish ormeat with salad as the main 4)J course, followed by fruit or dessert, and then coffee. Butthere are considerable regional differences in Italy, and hence 5)G inconsistencies existbetween the stereotype and reality. For instance, you might find risotto(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭) replacing pasta in some places!
The Mafia is real: We are not proud of it, but it does exist, especially in the South and on theisland of Sicily. Obviously, not every Italian is a member of the Mafia, and most will be 6)H offended if you use the term, even if you are just joking
Yes, the way we speak is unique. Italians use 7)A gestures a lot in communication. Wesimply cannot talk without our hands. If the hands are busy doing something else, we startmoving shoulders or other parts of the body.
We are also fashion victims. You can recognize Italians by the way they dress from head to toe. We wear stylish clothes and 8)C omaments for every possible occasion. You won't ever see an Italian wearing running shorts combined with long socks: It's simply against our 9) I sense of style
Italy is made up of many regions and provinces which are similar in some ways and 10)M distinctive in others. The stereotype contains some truth, but being Italian takes a lot more than that
刻板印象中夹杂着一些真理和一些概括。有时这些概括会产生误导，因为它们通常是基于对特定文化中人们外在行为的观察。意大利面、意大利面、黑手党、手势、时尚这些都是常用来形容意大利人的词汇。这种刻板印象有多少真实性？作为一名意大利人，我会给你一些关于意大利灵魂的见解，并澄清一些外国人对我们的误解。
意大利面和意大利面是神圣的。你不能从意大利餐中拿走意大利面；否则就不会完成。典型的意大利餐通常包括意大利面作为开胃菜，鱼或沙拉作为主菜，然后是水果或甜点，然后是咖啡。但是意大利有相当大的地区差异，因此刻板印象和现实之间存在不一致。例如，你可能会发现意大利调味饭(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭)在一些地方代替意大利面！
黑手党是真实的:我们不以它为荣，但它确实存在，尤其是在南部和西西里岛。显然，不是每个意大利人都是黑手党成员，如果你使用这个术语，大多数人都会被起诉，即使你只是在开玩笑
是的，我们说话的方式很独特。意大利人在交流中经常使用手势。没有我们的手，我们无法说话。如果手忙于做其他事情，我们开始移动肩膀或身体的其他部位。
我们也是时尚的受害者。你可以通过意大利人从头到脚的穿着来认出他们。我们在任何可能的场合都穿时髦的衣服和装饰品。你永远不会看到意大利人穿着跑步短裤和长袜:这完全违背了我们的时尚感
意大利由许多地区和省份组成，这些地区和省份在某些方面相似，而在另一些方面有所不同。这种刻板印象包含了一些真理，但作为意大利人需要的不仅仅是这些
七
1. We chatted for half an hour before he finally got to the point: He wanted to work as a businessconsultant and wondered if I could pass along the name of certain potential clients.我们聊了半个小时,他终于说到点子上了:他想当一名商业顾问,不知道我能否把某些潜在客户的名字告诉他。
2. Scientists at the research center identified various features that are attached to the commodities purchased by female consumers研究中心的科学家们发现了女性消费者购买的商品所具有的各种特征
3. The three mountain climbers would have starved to death if the villagers had not found themlying at the bottom of the valley.如果村民们没有发现他们躺在山谷底部的话,这三个登山者会饿死的
4. The boy looked up timidly at his father who was sitting next to him, but he didn 't stop crying. If anything, his crying became more intense.男孩胆怯地抬头看着坐在他旁边的父亲,但他还是哭个不停。如果说有什么不同的话,那就是他的哭声变得更强烈了
5. Since no one knew how the disease spread, they were suspicious of everything, includingmosquitoes, swimming pools,, and people from other neighborhoods由于没有人知道这种疾病是如何传播的,他们对一切都持怀疑态度,包括蚊子、游泳池和来自其他社区的人
6. At the press conference, the government spokesman avoided answering the question about
health-care reform directly. Instead he just wandered around to talk about the harsh economicsituation.在新闻发布会上,政府发言人避免直接回答有关医疗改革的问题。相反,他只是四处闲逛,谈论严酷的经济形势。
7. Mr Roger, whom you met in the museum yesterday, works as a software engineer and play folkmusic on the side.罗杰先生,你昨天在博物馆里见过他,他是一名软件工程师,同时还演奏民间音乐。
8. These schools were selected for our survey because the composition of their student bodies was representative of the districts enrollment, which included a large proportion of children fromimmigrant families.我们之所以选择这些学校进行调查,是因为他们的学生团体构成代表了地区的招生情况,其中包括很大一部分来自移民家庭的孩子
