jvm 设置滚动记录GC日志

开启语句

JAVA_OPTS="-XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps 
 -Xloggc:/Logs/**web/gc.log -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation 
 -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=3 -XX:GCLogFileSize=512k"

参数详解

1. -XX:UseGCLogFileRotation
   Enabled GC log rotation, requires -Xloggc.
   打开或关闭GC日志滚动记录功能，要求必须设置 -Xloggc参数

2. -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles
   Set the number of files to use when rotating logs, must be >= 1.
   The rotated log files will use the following naming scheme, .0, .1, ..., .n-1.
   设置滚动日志文件的个数，必须大于等于1
   日志文件命名策略是，.0, .1, ..., .n-1，其中n是该参数的值

3. -XX:GCLogFileSize
   The size of the log file at which point the log will be rotated, must be >= 8K.
   设置滚动日志文件的大小，必须大于8k
   当前写日志文件大小超过该参数值时，日志将写入下一个文件

4. -XX:+PrintGCDetails
   输出GC的详细日志

5. -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps
   输出GC的时间戳（以基准时间的形式）

日志实例

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.181-b13) for linux-amd64 JRE (1.8.0_181-b13), built on Jul  7 2018 00:56:38 by "java_re" with gcc 4.3.0 20080428 (Red Hat 4.3.0-8)
Memory: 4k page, physical 8193428k(3496440k free), swap 0k(0k free)
CommandLine flags: -XX:GCLogFileSize=524288 -XX:InitialHeapSize=4294967296 -XX:+ManagementServer -XX:MaxHeapSize=4294967296 -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=3 -XX:+PrintGC -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers -XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:+UseParallelGC 
42.198: [GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 734017K->104550K(1223168K)] 734017K->104558K(4019712K), 0.1290021 secs] [Times: user=0.21 sys=0.04, real=0.13 secs] 
42.327: [Full GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 104550K->0K(1223168K)] [ParOldGen: 8K->99343K(2796544K)] 104558K->99343K(4019712K), [Metaspace: 20690K->20690K(1069056K)], 0.2324920 secs] [Times: user=0.42 sys=0.04, real=0.24 secs] 
45.761: [GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 233830K->23741K(1223168K)] 333173K->123085K(4019712K), 0.0325270 secs] [Times: user=0.04 sys=0.01, real=0.03 secs] 
45.794: [Full GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 23741K->0K(1223168K)] [ParOldGen: 99343K->43223K(2796544K)] 123085K->43223K(4019712K), [Metaspace: 34569K->34569K(1081344K)], 0.0938388 secs] [Times: user=0.16 sys=0.00, real=0.09 secs] 
50.471: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 1048576K->52261K(1223168K)] 1091799K->95493K(4019712K), 0.0936524 secs] [Times: user=0.18 sys=0.00, real=0.09 secs] 
52.972: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 1100837K->132083K(1223168K)] 1144069K->175314K(4019712K), 0.1152273 secs] [Times: user=0.12 sys=0.04, real=0.11 secs] 
54.338: [GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 269492K->50369K(1223168K)] 312723K->93600K(4019712K), 0.0515360 secs] [Times: user=0.09 sys=0.00, real=0.05 secs] 
54.389: [Full GC (Metadata GC Threshold) [PSYoungGen: 50369K->0K(1223168K)] [ParOldGen: 43231K->74678K(2796544K)] 93600K->74678K(4019712K), [Metaspace: 57882K->57882K(1101824K)], 0.3388499 secs] [Times: user=0.63 sys=0.00, real=0.34 secs] 
200.593: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 1048576K->112285K(1228800K)] 1123254K->186972K(4025344K), 0.0848518 secs] [Times: user=0.14 sys=0.00, real=0.08 secs] 
967.476: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 1193629K->158202K(1239552K)] 1268316K->390011K(4036096K), 0.1867644 secs] [Times: user=0.17 sys=0.06, real=0.19 secs] 
1784.942: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 1239546K->158194K(866816K)] 1471355K->567095K(3663360K), 0.1974644 secs] [Times: user=0.20 sys=0.06, real=0.20 secs] 
2350.420: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 866787K->247284K(948224K)] 1275688K->656193K(3744768K), 0.1324127 secs] [Times: user=0.19 sys=0.00, real=0.13 secs] 
2915.003: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 948212K->247882K(1002496K)] 1357121K->656799K(3799040K), 0.1264757 secs] [Times: user=0.18 sys=0.00, real=0.13 secs] 
3439.324: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 884810K->233402K(863744K)] 1293727K->642327K(3660288K), 0.1219719 secs] [Times: user=0.17 sys=0.00, real=0.13 secs] 

日志分析

例如：

1784.942: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 1239546K->158194K(866816K)] 
1471355K->567095K(3663360K), 0.1974644 secs] [Times: user=0.20 sys=0.06, real=0.20 secs] 

在1784.942时间点，年轻代进行了mini gc，从1239M经过垃圾收集后变为了158M
堆内存从1471M变为567M，堆最大内存为：3.6个G。
user=0.20代表所有cup使用的时间，这个时间比 real=0.20时间大，证明是多个线程进行垃圾回收。