Got to give it up(四)

[6] Bridget Grant, an epidemiologist at the NIAAA and the JAMA study’s principal author, blames the rise in drinking largely on different manifestations of stress. For women, that pressure might stem from their increased participation in the workforce. “It may be that women are finding it difficult to both manage their families and their work, which leads to stress, which invites drinking,” Dr Grant says.
[7] The upshot is that, for the first time since the early 1970s, the mortality rate associated with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis rose dramatically between 2009 and 2013. The decline in mortality rates related to cardiovascular diseases and stroke— both of which can be brought on by heavy drinking—recently slowed. Mitigating the opioid epidemic is critical, but curbing heavy drinking is just as pressing.

单词注解

epidemiologist ['epɪ,diːmɪ'ɒlədʒɪst] n.流行病学家

principal ['prɪnsəp(ə)l] adj 主要的 资本的 n.首长；校长；资本；当事人

The principal reason for my change of mind is this.
我改变主意的最重要原因就是这个。
If the price level rises, your principal rises as well.
如果价格升高，你的本金也会升高。
principal author 首席作家

upshot ['ʌpʃɒt] the final result of a situation(某事的)结果[结局]

What was the final upshot of that matter?
这件事情最终的结果是什么？

翻译

【6】格兰特是研究中心的流行病学家和美国医学会的首席作家，他把喝酒人数的大幅度增加归因于不同形式的压力。对于女人来说，压力主要来源于她们越来越多地参与到工作上。格兰特博士女人们可能会发现她们很难在家庭和事业上达到平衡，这就会导致压力，从而促使她们喝酒。
【7】结果是，自上世纪70年代初以来，与酒精相关的肝硬化的死亡率在2009年至2013年间急剧上升.由心血管疾病和中风引起的死亡率减少速率缓慢了，而且这两种疾病都是由酗酒引起的。减少鸦片类药物的流行性是至关重要的，但是遏制酗酒同样也是迫在眉睫。