转载:http://blog.51cto.com/mengix/1862959
一、必须安装在ansible的Linux管控主机上安装控制Windows的组件
1.安装pywinrm,kerberos
二、配置Windows主机
1.安装安装Framework 4.5(最低3.0)
2.修改注册列表:设置powershell本地脚本运行权限为remotesigned
2.升级到powershell-3.0
3.配置winrm
三、功能测试
下面开始...
一、配置ansible管控机器
使用Python的pip安装pywinrm及kerberos
$ sudopip installhttp://github.com/diyan/pywinrm/archive/master.zip#egg=pywinrm
$ sudopip installkerberos
在安装kerberos之前需要安装
1$ sudoapt-get installlibkrb5-dev
否则报错为
$ sudopip installkerberos
running build_ext
building 'kerberos'extension
creating build
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/base64.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/base64.o sh: 1: krb5-config: not found
gcc: error: sh:: No such fileor directory
gcc: error: 1:: No such fileor directory
gcc: error: krb5-config:: No such fileor directory
gcc: error: not: No such fileor directory
gcc: error: found: No such fileor directory
error: command'gcc'failed with exitstatus 1
----------------------------------------
Command /usr/bin/python-c "import setuptools;__file__='/etc/ansible/scripts/build/kerberos/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))"install--single-version-externally-managed --record /tmp/pip-Q3eBF1-record/install-record.txt failed with error code 1
Storing complete log in/home/ansible/.pip/pip.log
二、配置windows主机
查看系统中.Net版本及powershell版本
.Net版本为CLRVersion;powershell使用$host中Version
PS C:\Users\ABC> $psversiontable
Name Value
---- -----
CLRVersion 2.0.50727.5485
BuildVersion 6.1.7601.17514
PSVersion 2.0
WSManStackVersion 2.0
PSCompatibleVersions 1.0, 2.0}
SerializationVersion 1.1.0.1
PSRemotingProtocolVersion 2.1
PS C:\Users\ABC> $host
Name : ConsoleHost
Version : 2.0
InstanceId : 586e26ae-8630-4add-aa4c-d864726f5384
UI : System.Management.Automation.Internal.Host.InternalHostUserInterface
CurrentCulture : zh-CN
CurrentUICulture : zh-CN
PrivateData : Microsoft.PowerShell.ConsoleHost+ConsoleColorProxy
IsRunspacePushed : False
Runspace : System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.LocalRunspace
1.安装安装Framework 4.5(最低3.0)
http://download.microsoft.com/download/B/A/4/BA4A7E71-2906-4B2D-A0E1-80CF16844F5F/dotNetFx45_Full_x86_x64.exe
2.修改注册列表:设置powershell本地脚本运行权限为remotesigned
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\1\ShellIds\Microsoft\PowerShell
2.升级到powershell-3.0及winrm
官网上说下载并执行下述脚本,但是一直不成功,原因是一直下载不下来安装包(可能的情况是网络不可达,大家懂得)
https://github.com/cchurch/ansible/blob/devel/examples/scripts/upgrade_to_ps3.ps1
于是手动找通过微软官网找到下载地址win7_x64升级包如下
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=34595
下载powershell-3.0的更新补丁,此补丁同时集成WMF3.0,winrm等
地址:
https://download.microsoft.com/download/E/7/6/E76850B8-DA6E-4FF5-8CCE-A24FC513FD16/Windows6.1-KB2506143-x64.msu
(注意:这个更新包依赖于.net3.0以上版本,如果未安装.net,会有提示“此更新不适应于您的计算机”)
安装完成之后需要重启,重启后检验powershell版本
1> get-host
3.配置winrm
3.1 下载下面脚本,使用powershell运行,自动配置好winrm
https://github.com/ansible/ansible/blob/devel/examples/scripts/ConfigureRemotingForAnsible.ps1
(注意:官网教程直到上面结束,但是一般执行完之后检验winrm是否已经运行,因为ansible管控机需要通过端口进行访问winrm)
3.2 在计算机上运行winrm服务
powershell 3.0中执行
1> winrm qc
这个提示,请将网络设置将工作网络 改成 家庭网络 就可以了,特殊情况可能需要重启,
配置好网络类型重新启动服务,结果如下:
开启后,需要查看配置是否已经开启
3.3 主要是下图Auth中Basic设置为true,service中AllowUnencrypted设置为true。
> winrm set winrm/config/service '@{AllowUnencrypted="true"}'
> winrm set winrm/config/service/auth '@{Basic="true"}'
三、功能测试
配置ansible控制机
配置方法有两种:
第一种:
在/etc/ansible/hosts中
[windows]
192.168.1.11
[windows:vars]
ansible_ssh_user="Administrator"
ansible_ssh_pass="123456"
ansible_ssh_port=5986
ansible_connection="winrm"
$ ansible windows -m win_ping
192.168.1.11 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
第二种
在/etc/ansible/hosts中
[windows]
192.168.1.11 ansible_ssh_user="Administrator"ansible_ssh_pass="123456"ansible_ssh_port=5986 ansible_connection="winrm"
要注意的是 端口方面ssl即https方式的使用5986,http使用5985。
区别于控制Linux主机,win主机的命令,需要加上win_,具体支持情况请见官网
http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/list_of_windows_modules.html
我这里做部分常用测试
传文件
删文件
创建用户(创建用户,更改密码,创建可以进行远程桌面登录的用户)
执行cmd命令(重启电脑)
1. 传文件到windows系统
$ ansible windows -m win_copy -a "src=/etc/passwd dest=e:\share"
192.168.1.11 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a82c2bd7de3d9a5c5adddd5e4fc7cbf1703720b7",
"operation": "file_copy",
"original_basename": "passwd",
"size": 1755
}
2. 删除文件
$ ansible windows -m win_file -a "dest=e:\share\passwd state=absent"
192.168.1.11 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true
}
3.创建用户
$ ansible windows -m win_user -a "name=aa passwd=123456"
192.168.1.11 | SUCCESS => {
"account_disabled": false,
"account_locked": false,
"changed": true,
"description": "",
"fullname": "aa",
"groups": [],
"name": "aa",
"password_expired": true,
"password_never_expires": false,
"path": "WinNT://WORKGROUP/ABC-PC/aa",
"sid": "S-1-5-21-37586581-19248684-93829760-1006",
"state": "present",
"user_cannot_change_password": false
}
场景需求:
创建一个名叫user1的管理员用户,要求能够远程访问
$ ansible windows -m win_user -a "name=user1 password=123 groups='Administrators,Remote Desktop Users'"
192.168.1.11 | SUCCESS => {
"account_disabled": false,
"account_locked": false,
"changed": true,
"description": "",
"fullname": "user1",
"groups": [
{
"name": "Administrators",
"path": "WinNT://WORKGROUP/ABC-PC/Administrators"
},
{
"name": "Remote Desktop Users",
"path": "WinNT://WORKGROUP/ABC-PC/Remote Desktop Users"
}
],
"name": "user1",
"password_expired": false,
"password_never_expires": false,
"path": "WinNT://WORKGROUP/ABC-PC/user1",
"sid": "S-1-5-21-375864581-19248684-93852960-1009",
"state": "present",
"user_cannot_change_password": false
}
4. 执行cmd命令
重启的第一种方式
1$ ansible windows -m win_shell -a "shutdown -r -t 1"
第二种方式,不加参数等同于第一种方式
1$ ansible windows -m win_reboot