2. Add Two Numbers

1.原题

You are given two non-empty linked lists representing two non-negative integers. The digits are stored in reverse order and each of their nodes contain a single digit. Add the two numbers and return it as a linked list.

You may assume the two numbers do not contain any leading zero, except the number 0 itself.

Example

Input: (2 -> 4 -> 3) + (5 -> 6 -> 4)
Output: 7 -> 0 -> 8
Explanation: 342 + 465 = 807.

2.题意

给定两个非空的链表，代表的是两个整数，从链表头到链表尾代表的是从数的低位到高位。对这两个链表求和，结果也存储在链表里面。

3.思路

• 首先理解链表代表整数，其实这类问题很常见，对于大整数，就是大小可能会超过计算机存储大小的整数，通常会用字符数组，或者数字链表表示。
• 这道题目的难点其实是对链表的判空操作，以及进位
• 粗略思路就是模仿加法法则，每一位两个数字相加，保存进位，下一位两位相加的时候加上进位。
• 需要注意的是，当某个链表已经到达最高位了，比如2->1, 3->2->1,这两个数字相加时，2+3 = 5， 1+ 2 = 3，这时百位上只有第二个链表有值，这时最终结果的百位就是1，最终结果是5->3->1。
• 另外需要注意的是，某个链表已经走到头了，或者两个都到头了，但还是存在进位，比如1， 9->9->9, 1 + 9 = 0，进位是1， 需要将进位1继续与第二个9相加， 最终得到 0->0->0->1

4.代码

JAVA代码如下

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public ListNode addTwoNumbers(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
        ListNode head = new ListNode(0); 
        ListNode current = head;
        int carry = 0;
        while(l1 != null || l2 != null || carry != 0){
            if(l1 != null) { 
                carry += l1.val;
                l1 = l1.next;
            }
                            
            if(l2 != null) {
                carry += l2.val;
                l2 = l2.next;
            }
            ListNode node = new ListNode(carry % 10);
            carry = carry / 10;
            current.next = node;
            current = node;
        }
        return head.next;
    }
}

Python代码如下

# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.next = None

class Solution:
    def addTwoNumbers(self, l1, l2):
        """
        :type l1: ListNode
        :type l2: ListNode
        :rtype: ListNode
        """
        head = ListNode(0)
        current = head
        carry = 0
        while l1 != None or l2 != None or carry != 0:
            if l1 != None:
                carry += l1.val
                l1 = l1.next
            if l2 != None:
                carry += l2.val
                l2 = l2.next
            node = ListNode(carry%10)
            carry = int(carry/10)
            current.next = node
            current = node
        return head.next