看到下图,是通过Jqgrid实现表格数据的基本增删查改的操作。表格数据增删改是一般企业应用系统开发的常见功能,不过不同的是这个表格数据来源是非关系型的数据库MongoDB。nosql虽然概念新颖,但是MongoDB基本应用实现起来还是比较轻松的,甚至代码比基本的ADO.net访问关系数据源还要简洁。由于其本身的“非关系”的数据存储方式,使得对象关系映射这个环节对于MongoDB来讲显得毫无意义,因此我们也不会对MongoDB引入所谓的“ORM”框架。
下面我们将逐步讲解怎么在MVC模式下将MongoDB数据读取,并展示在前台Jqgrid表格上。这个“简易系统”的基本设计思想是这样的:我们在视图层展示表格,Jqgrid相关Js逻辑全部放在一个Js文件中,控制层实现了“增删查改”四个业务,MongoDB的基本数据访问放在了模型层实现。下面我们一步步实现。
首先,我们新建一个MVC空白项目,添加好jQuery、jQueryUI、Jqgrid的前端框架代码:
然后在Views的Home文件夹下新建视图“Index.aspx”,在视图的body标签中添加如下HTML代码:
<div> <table id="table1"> </table> <div id="div1"> </div> </div>
接着新建Scripts\Home文件夹,在该目录新建“Index.js”文件,并再视图中引用,代码如下:
jQuery(document).ready(function () { //jqGrid初始化 jQuery("#table1").jqGrid({ url: '/Home/UserList', datatype: 'json', mtype: 'POST', colNames: ['登录名', '姓名', '年龄', '手机号', '邮箱地址', '操作'], colModel: [ { name: 'UserId', index: 'UserId', width: 180, editable: true }, { name: 'UserName', index: 'UserName', width: 200, editable: true }, { name: 'Age', index: 'Age', width: 150, editable: true }, { name: 'Tel', index: 'Tel', width: 150, editable: true }, { name: 'Email', index: 'Email', width: 150, editable: true }, { name: 'Edit', index: 'Edit', width: 150, editable: false, align: 'center' } ], pager: '#div1', postData: {}, rowNum: 5, rowList: [5, 10, 20], sortable: true, caption: '用户信息管理', hidegrid: false, rownumbers: true, viewrecords: true }).navGrid('#div1', { edit: false, add: false, del: false }) .navButtonAdd('#div1', { caption: "编辑", buttonicon: "ui-icon-add", onClickButton: function () { var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow"); if (id == null) { alert("请选择行!"); return; } if (id == "newId") return; $("#table1").editRow(id); $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").attr("readonly","readOnly"); $("#table1").setCell(id, "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Update(\"" + id + "\")' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"" + id + "\")' />"); } }).navButtonAdd('#div1', { caption: "删除", buttonicon: "ui-icon-del", onClickButton: function () { var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow"); if (id == null) { alert("请选择行!"); return; } Delete(id); } }).navButtonAdd('#div1', { caption: "新增", buttonicon: "ui-icon-add", onClickButton: function () { $("#table1").addRowData("newId", -1); $("#table1").editRow("newId"); $("#table1").setCell("newId", "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Add()' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"newId\")' />"); } }); }); //取消编辑状态 function Cancel(id) { if (id == "newId") $("#table1").delRowData("newId"); else $("#table1").restoreRow(id); } //向后台ajax请求新增数据 function Add() { var UserId = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserId").val(); var UserName = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserName").val(); var Age = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Age").val(); var Tel = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Tel").val(); var Email = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Email").val(); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "/Home/Add", data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email, success: function (msg) { alert("新增数据: " + msg); $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); } }); } //向后台ajax请求更新数据 function Update(id) { var UserId = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").val(); var UserName = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserName").val(); var Age = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Age").val(); var Tel = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Tel").val(); var Email = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Email").val(); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "/Home/Update", data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email, success: function (msg) { alert("修改数据: " + msg); $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); } }); } //向后台ajax请求删除数据 function Delete(id) { var UserId = $("#table1").getCell(id, "UserId"); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "/Home/Delete", data: "UserId=" + UserId, success: function (msg) { alert("删除数据: " + msg); $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid"); } }); }
在Controllers目录下新建控制器“HomeController.cs”,Index.js中产生了四个ajax请求,对应控制层也有四个业务方法。HomeController代码如下:
public class HomeController : Controller { UserModel userModel = new UserModel(); public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } /// <summary> /// 获取全部用户列表,通过json将数据提供给jqGrid /// </summary> public JsonResult UserList(string sord, string sidx, string rows, string page) { var list = userModel.FindAll(); int i = 0; var query = from u in list select new { id = i++, cell = new string[]{ u["UserId"].ToString(), u["UserName"].ToString(), u["Age"].ToString(), u["Tel"].ToString(), u["Email"].ToString(), "-" } }; var data = new { total = query.Count() / Convert.ToInt32(rows) + 1, page = Convert.ToInt32(page), records = query.Count(), rows = query.Skip(Convert.ToInt32(rows) * (Convert.ToInt32(page) - 1)).Take(Convert.ToInt32(rows)) }; return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); } /// <summary> /// 响应Js的“Add”ajax请求,执行添加用户操作 /// </summary> public ContentResult Add(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email) { Document doc = new Document(); doc["UserId"] = UserId; doc["UserName"] = UserName; doc["Age"] = Age; doc["Tel"] = Tel; doc["Email"] = Email; try { userModel.Add(doc); return Content("添加成功"); } catch { return Content("添加失败"); } } /// <summary> /// 响应Js的“Delete”ajax请求,执行删除用户操作 /// </summary> public ContentResult Delete(string UserId) { try { userModel.Delete(UserId); return Content("删除成功"); } catch { return Content("删除失败"); } } /// <summary> /// 响应Js的“Update”ajax请求,执行更新用户操作 /// </summary> public ContentResult Update(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email) { Document doc = new Document(); doc["UserId"] = UserId; doc["UserName"] = UserName; doc["Age"] = Age; doc["Tel"] = Tel; doc["Email"] = Email; try { userModel.Update(doc); return Content("修改成功"); } catch { return Content("修改失败"); } } }
最后,我们在Models新建一个Home文件夹,添加模型“UserModel.cs”,实现MongoDB数据库访问代码如下:
public class UserModel { //链接字符串(此处三个字段值根据需要可为读配置文件) public string connectionString = "mongodb://localhost"; //数据库名 public string databaseName = "myDatabase"; //集合名 public string collectionName = "userCollection"; private Mongo mongo; private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase; private MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection; public UserModel() { mongo = new Mongo(connectionString); mongoDatabase = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName) as MongoDatabase; mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.GetCollection<Document>(collectionName) as MongoCollection<Document>; mongo.Connect(); } ~UserModel() { mongo.Disconnect(); } /// <summary> /// 增加一条用户记录 /// </summary> /// <param name="doc"></param> public void Add(Document doc) { mongoCollection.Insert(doc); } /// <summary> /// 删除一条用户记录 /// </summary> public void Delete(string UserId) { mongoCollection.Remove(new Document { { "UserId", UserId } }); } /// <summary> /// 更新一条用户记录 /// </summary> /// <param name="doc"></param> public void Update(Document doc) { mongoCollection.FindAndModify(doc, new Document { { "UserId", doc["UserId"].ToString() } }); } /// <summary> /// 查找所有用户记录 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public IEnumerable<Document> FindAll() { return mongoCollection.FindAll().Documents; } }
代码下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/lipan/MongoDB_003.rar
自此为止一个简单MongoDB表格数据操作的功能就实现完毕了,相信读者在看完这篇文章后,差不多都可以轻松实现MongoDB项目的开发应用了。聪明的你一定会比本文做的功能更完善,更好。下篇计划讲解linq的方式访问数据集合。