搜索了一下网络,发现解法大体有两种:
相互依赖的软件包,使用rpm的--nodeps参数就搞定了.
rpm --nodeps -e gdm-2.24.1-4.fc10.i386
也就是说不检查依赖。这样的话,那些使用该软件包的软件在此之后可能就不能正常工作了。
执行
rpm -e 要删除的rpm包名称
然后根据输出再在命令行后面跟上依赖包名称
rpm -e 要删除的rpm包名称 依赖的rpm包名称
这种方法是我以前也经常使用的,比如用于删除RHEL/CentOS中原装的jdk
下面演示这一步骤,比较烦,因为要删除的依赖包实在太多,要复制粘贴n次
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
java version "1.6.0_22" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.10.4) (rhel-1.24.1.10.4.el5-i386) OpenJDK Server VM (build 20.0-b11, mixed mode)
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep jdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5 java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5 java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5
error: Failed dependencies: jre >= 1.5.0 is needed by (installed) openoffice.org-ure-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5 java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5 openoffice.org-ure-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 error: Failed dependencies: libjvmaccessgcc3.so.3 is needed by (installed) openoffice.org-core-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 libjvmaccessgcc3.so.3(UDK_3.1) is needed by (installed) openoffice.org-core-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
太多输出,省略
by (installed) openoffice.org-calc-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-ure = 1:3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6 is needed by (installed) openoffice.org-graphicfilter-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-ure = 1:3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6 is needed by (installed) openoffice.org-draw-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
[root@localhost ~]# 有太多软件包需要删除,此处不再继续
[root@localhost ~]#
编写一个 force_remove_package.sh 的Bash脚本,内容如下:
#!/bin/sh do_once() { rpm -e "$@" 2>&1 | grep '(installed)' } for ((I=1; I<=4; ++I)) do DEPS="$DEPS $(do_once "$@" $DEPS | awk '{print $8}')" echo $I $DEPS done
其中,
1. 用 for 循环进行有限次尝试 而不用 while true,那是为了防止编程死循环,别因为输入错误真的把系统里面所有的包都给删除了;
2. awk命令里面的 $8,是经过尝试出来的,因为 rpm -e 命令输出的信息中包含有很多空格;
3. rpm -e 的错误输出需要重定向到标准输出,否则就不会得到依赖包,而直接输出在终端上了。
用它来删除系统原装的jdk,输出如下:
[root@localhost setup]# ./force_remove_package.sh java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5 java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel-1.6.0.0-1.24.1.10.4.el5
1 openoffice.org-ure-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
2 openoffice.org-ure-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-core-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-writer-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-impress-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-math-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-calc-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-graphicfilter-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-draw-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
3 openoffice.org-ure-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-core-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-writer-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-impress-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-math-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-calc-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-graphicfilter-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-draw-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-xsltfilter-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-langpack-zh_TW-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-langpack-zh_CN-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
4 openoffice.org-ure-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-core-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-writer-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-impress-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-math-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-calc-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-graphicfilter-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-draw-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-xsltfilter-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-langpack-zh_TW-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386 openoffice.org-langpack-zh_CN-3.1.1-19.5.el5_5.6.i386
[root@localhost setup]#
当然,还可以继续改进,如下:
#!/bin/sh do_once() { rpm -e "$@" 2>&1 | grep '(installed)' } for ((I=1; I<=5; ++I)) do NEWDEPS="$(do_once "$@" $DEPS | awk '{print $6}')" DEPS="$DEPS $NEWDEPS" echo $I $NEWDEPS if [ ! "$NEWDEPS" ]; then break fi done
这个改进主要是,
1. 对每次检查时新增的依赖包进行检查,如果没有新增的依赖包($NEWDEPS),程序停止运行;
2. awk 输出的 $8 也变成了 $6。其中缘由现在还没有找到。
用它来删除tomcat试试。
[root@localhost setup]# rpm -qa | grep tomcat
tomcat5-servlet-2.4-api-5.5.23-0jpp.22.el5_7
tomcat5-jsp-2.0-api-5.5.23-0jpp.22.el5_7
[root@localhost setup]# ./force_remove_package.sh tomcat5-servlet-2.4-api-5.5.23-0jpp.22.el5_7 tomcat5-jsp-2.0-api-5.5.23-0jpp.22.el5_7
1 hsqldb-1.8.0.9-1jpp.2.i386 bsf-2.3.0-11jpp.1.i386 bsf-2.3.0-11jpp.1.i386
2 bsh-1.3.0-9jpp.1.i386
3
[root@localhost setup]# rpm -qa | grep tomcat
[root@localhost setup]#
发现上面改进过的脚本还是有问题的,在删除带有java的软件包时会有问题
改用sed而不是awk
#!/bin/sh do_once() { rpm -e "$@" rpm -e "$@" 2>&1 | grep '(installed)' } for ((I=1; I<=5; ++I)) do #NEWDEPS="$(do_once "$@" $DEPS | awk '{print $6 $8}')" NEWDEPS="$(do_once "$@" $DEPS | sed -e 's/^.*(installed)//')" DEPS="$DEPS $NEWDEPS" echo $I $NEWDEPS if [ ! "$NEWDEPS" ]; then break fi done
使用sed替换能准确的取得依赖的软件包名称。
[root@localhost setup]# rpm -qa | grep java
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115
tzdata-java-2011l-4.el5
[root@localhost setup]#
[root@localhost setup]# ./force_remove_package.sh java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115 tzdata-java-2011l-4.el5
1 xml-commons-apis-1.3.02-0.b2.7jpp.10.i386 xerces-j2-2.7.1-7jpp.2.el5_4.2.i386 xalan-j2-2.7.0-6jpp.1.i386 xml-commons-resolver-1.1-1jpp.12.i386 gjdoc-0.7.7-12.el5.i386 antlr-2.7.6-4jpp.2.i386 lucene-1.4.3-1jpp.16.i386
2
[root@localhost setup]# rpm -qa | grep java
[root@localhost setup]#