Linux学习作业---第十七周（8.10-8.16）

一、使用ansible的playbook实现自动化安装httpd
1、环境描述
ansible：172.16.31.7 centos7.4
httpd：172.16.31.6 centos7.4
2、安装ansible

ansible服务端
yum install -y ansible

3、打通ansible服务端至客户端ssh免密登陆

ansible服务端
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id [email protected]

4、编写yml
配置/etc/ansible/hosts

vi  /etc/ansible/hosts
[httpd]
172.16.31.6

编写playbook

vi /data/httpd.yml
---
- hosts: httpd
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: install
      yum: name=httpd
    - name: start
      service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

检查配置文件内容

ansible-playbook -C /data/httpd.yml 

PLAY [httpd] *********************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.31.6]

TASK [install] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.31.6]

TASK [start] *********************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.31.6]

PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************
172.16.31.6                : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

5、运行

ansible-playbook -C /data/httpd.yml 

PLAY [httpd] *********************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.31.6]

TASK [install] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.31.6]

TASK [start] *********************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.31.6]

PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************
172.16.31.6                : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

[root@ansible ansible]# ansible-playbook /data/httpd.yml 

PLAY [httpd] *********************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.31.6]

TASK [install] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.31.6]

TASK [start] *********************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.31.6]

PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************
172.16.31.6                : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

6、检查httpd客户机状态

ps -ef |grep httpd
root     14905     1  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache   14906 14905  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache   14907 14905  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache   14908 14905  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache   14909 14905  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
apache   14910 14905  0 15:22 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
root     14918  1328  0 15:22 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto httpd

二、2、建立httpd服务器，要求提供两个基于名称的虚拟主机:
(1)www.X.com，页面文件目录为/web/vhosts/x;错误日志为
/var/log/httpd/x.err，访问日志为/var/log/httpd/x.access
(2)www.Y.com，页面文件目录为/web/vhosts/y;错误日志为 /var/log/httpd/www2.err，访问日志为/var/log/httpd/y.access
(3)为两个虚拟主机建立各自的主页文件index.html，内容分别为其对应的主机名

1、创建目录/web/vhosts/x /web/vhosts/y，添加index文件

mkdir -p /web/vhosts/{x,y}
echo "ServerName www.X.com" >/web/vhosts/x/index.html
echo "ServerName www.Y.com" >/web/vhosts/y/index.html

2、创建日志目录/var/log/httpd

mkdir -p /var/log/httpd

3、开启httpd-vhosts
修改httpd主配置文件

vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
#注释掉默认document以及默认directory设置
#DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
#
#    AllowOverride None
#    # Allow open access:
#    Require all granted
#      
#
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
#    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
#    AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
#    Require all granted
#

#最后行添加引入vhost配置文件
Include conf/extra/*.conf

4、创建vhosts配置文件

vi /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
                #主机名www.X.com 
    DocumentRoot "/web/vhosts/x"         #根目录
    ServerName www.X.com     
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/x.err"           #错误日志
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/x.access" common   #访问日志
    
        options FollowSymLinks                #禁止目录浏览
        AllowOverride All                           
        Require all granted                       #允许访问目录权限                  
        DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm    
    



    DocumentRoot "/web/vhosts/y"
    ServerName www.Y.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/y.err"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/y.access" common
    
        options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
        DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm
    

5、检查配置文件

httpd -t
Syntax OK

6、修改hosts

vi /etc/hosts
172.16.31.6     httpd-qas.sh-ctmc.com httpd-qas www.X.com  www.Y.com

7、重启服务

systemctl restart httpd

8、测试结果

[root@httpd-qas vhosts]# curl http://www.X.com
ServerName www.X.com
[root@httpd-qas vhosts]# curl http://www.Y.com
ServerName www.Y.com
root@httpd-qas vhosts]# cd /var/log/httpd/
[root@httpd-qas httpd]# ll -tr
总用量 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4345 8月  14 15:47 access_log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  320 8月  14 15:51 x.err
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 8月  14 15:57 y.err
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3708 8月  14 15:57 error_log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  358 8月  14 16:09 x.access
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  138 8月  14 16:09 y.access