Android自定义View 雷达扫描效果

最近在做一个项目,其中有一个页面是要做一个类似于雷达扫描的效果。于是找了其他应用的类似的效果参考一下,刚好我使用的华为手机里的手机管家--病毒查杀页面就是一个雷达扫描的效果。而且看它的样式也挺不错的,刚好符合我的要求。所以就决定仿照它的样式自定义一个类似效果的RadarView。
这是华为手机管家的效果:


Android自定义View 雷达扫描效果_第1张图片
图片

我写完这个RadarView之后觉得这个View的实现虽然不难,却使用到了自定义属性、View的Measure、Paint、Canvas和坐标的计算等这些自定义View常用的知识,是一个不错的自定义View练习例子,所以决定写一篇博客把它记录起来。

由于我需要雷达的扫描效果,所以画中间的百分比数字。RadarView可以根据自己的需求配置View的主题颜色、扫描颜色、扫描速度、圆圈数量、是否显示水滴等功能样式,方便实现各种样式的情况。下面是自定义RadarView的代码。

public class RadarView extends View {

    //默认的主题颜色
    private int DEFAULT_COLOR = Color.parseColor("#91D7F4");

    // 圆圈和交叉线的颜色
    private int mCircleColor = DEFAULT_COLOR;
    //圆圈的数量 不能小于1
    private int mCircleNum = 3;
    //扫描的颜色 RadarView会对这个颜色做渐变透明处理
    private int mSweepColor = DEFAULT_COLOR;
    //水滴的颜色
    private int mRaindropColor = DEFAULT_COLOR;
    //水滴的数量 这里表示的是水滴最多能同时出现的数量。因为水滴是随机产生的,数量是不确定的
    private int mRaindropNum = 4;
    //是否显示交叉线
    private boolean isShowCross = true;
    //是否显示水滴
    private boolean isShowRaindrop = true;
    //扫描的转速,表示几秒转一圈
    private float mSpeed = 3.0f;
    //水滴显示和消失的速度
    private float mFlicker = 3.0f;

    private Paint mCirclePaint;// 圆的画笔
    private Paint mSweepPaint; //扫描效果的画笔
    private Paint mRaindropPaint;// 水滴的画笔

    private float mDegrees; //扫描时的扫描旋转角度。
    private boolean isScanning = false;//是否扫描

    //保存水滴数据
    private ArrayList mRaindrops = new ArrayList<>();

    public RadarView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }

    public RadarView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        getAttrs(context, attrs);
        init();
    }

    public RadarView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        getAttrs(context, attrs);
        init();
    }

    /**
     * 获取自定义属性值
     * 
     * @param context
     * @param attrs
     */
    private void getAttrs(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        if (attrs != null) {
            TypedArray mTypedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.RadarView);
            mCircleColor = mTypedArray.getColor(R.styleable.RadarView_circleColor, DEFAULT_COLOR);
            mCircleNum = mTypedArray.getInt(R.styleable.RadarView_circleNum, mCircleNum);
            if (mCircleNum < 1) {
                mCircleNum = 3;
            }
            mSweepColor = mTypedArray.getColor(R.styleable.RadarView_sweepColor, DEFAULT_COLOR);
            mRaindropColor = mTypedArray.getColor(R.styleable.RadarView_raindropColor, DEFAULT_COLOR);
            mRaindropNum = mTypedArray.getInt(R.styleable.RadarView_raindropNum, mRaindropNum);
            isShowCross = mTypedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.RadarView_showCross, true);
            isShowRaindrop = mTypedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.RadarView_showRaindrop, true);
            mSpeed = mTypedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.RadarView_speed, mSpeed);
            if (mSpeed <= 0) {
                mSpeed = 3;
            }
            mFlicker = mTypedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.RadarView_flicker, mFlicker);
            if (mFlicker <= 0) {
                mFlicker = 3;
            }
            mTypedArray.recycle();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 初始化
     */
    private void init() {
        // 初始化画笔
        mCirclePaint = new Paint();
        mCirclePaint.setColor(mCircleColor);
        mCirclePaint.setStrokeWidth(1);
        mCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mCirclePaint.setAntiAlias(true);

        mRaindropPaint = new Paint();
        mRaindropPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        mRaindropPaint.setAntiAlias(true);

        mSweepPaint = new Paint();
        mSweepPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        //设置宽高,默认200dp
        int defaultSize = dp2px(getContext(), 200);
        setMeasuredDimension(measureWidth(widthMeasureSpec, defaultSize),
                measureHeight(heightMeasureSpec, defaultSize));
    }

    /**
     * 测量宽
     * 
     * @param measureSpec
     * @param defaultSize
     * @return
     */
    private int measureWidth(int measureSpec, int defaultSize) {
        int result = 0;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            result = specSize;
        } else {
            result = defaultSize + getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight();
            if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
                result = Math.min(result, specSize);
            }
        }
        result = Math.max(result, getSuggestedMinimumWidth());
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 测量高
     * 
     * @param measureSpec
     * @param defaultSize
     * @return
     */
    private int measureHeight(int measureSpec, int defaultSize) {
        int result = 0;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            result = specSize;
        } else {
            result = defaultSize + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom();
            if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
                result = Math.min(result, specSize);
            }
        }
        result = Math.max(result, getSuggestedMinimumHeight());
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {

        //计算圆的半径
        int width = getWidth() - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight();
        int height = getHeight() - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom();
        int radius = Math.min(width, height) / 2;

        //计算圆的圆心
        int cx = getPaddingLeft() + (getWidth() - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight()) / 2;
        int cy = getPaddingTop() + (getHeight() - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom()) / 2;

        drawCircle(canvas, cx, cy, radius);

        if (isShowCross) {
            drawCross(canvas, cx, cy, radius);
        }

        //正在扫描
        if (isScanning) {
            if (isShowRaindrop) {
                drawRaindrop(canvas, cx, cy, radius);
            }
            drawSweep(canvas, cx, cy, radius);
            //计算雷达扫描的旋转角度
            mDegrees = (mDegrees + (360 / mSpeed / 60)) % 360;

            //触发View重新绘制,通过不断的绘制实现View的扫描动画效果
            invalidate();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 画圆
     */
    private void drawCircle(Canvas canvas, int cx, int cy, int radius) {
        //画mCircleNum个半径不等的圆圈。
        for (int i = 0; i < mCircleNum; i++) {
            canvas.drawCircle(cx, cy, radius - (radius / mCircleNum * i), mCirclePaint);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 画交叉线
     */
    private void drawCross(Canvas canvas, int cx, int cy, int radius) {
        //水平线
        canvas.drawLine(cx - radius, cy, cx + radius, cy, mCirclePaint);

        //垂直线
        canvas.drawLine(cx, cy - radius, cx, cy + radius, mCirclePaint);
    }

    /**
     * 生成水滴。水滴的生成是随机的,并不是每次调用都会生成一个水滴。
     */
    private void generateRaindrop(int cx, int cy, int radius) {

        // 最多只能同时存在mRaindropNum个水滴。
        if (mRaindrops.size() < mRaindropNum) {
            // 随机一个20以内的数字,如果这个数字刚好是0,就生成一个水滴。
            // 用于控制水滴生成的概率。
            boolean probability = (int) (Math.random() * 20) == 0;
            if (probability) {
                int x = 0;
                int y = 0;
                int xOffset = (int) (Math.random() * (radius - 20));
                int yOffset = (int) (Math.random() * (int) Math.sqrt(1.0 * (radius - 20) * (radius - 20) - xOffset * xOffset));

                if ((int) (Math.random() * 2) == 0) {
                    x = cx - xOffset;
                } else {
                    x = cx + xOffset;
                }

                if ((int) (Math.random() * 2) == 0) {
                    y = cy - yOffset;
                } else {
                    y = cy + yOffset;
                }

                mRaindrops.add(new Raindrop(x, y, 0, mRaindropColor));
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除水滴
     */
    private void removeRaindrop() {
        Iterator iterator = mRaindrops.iterator();

        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Raindrop raindrop = iterator.next();
            if (raindrop.radius > 20 || raindrop.alpha < 0) {
                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 画雨点(就是在扫描的过程中随机出现的点)。
     */
    private void drawRaindrop(Canvas canvas, int cx, int cy, int radius) {
        generateRaindrop(cx, cy, radius);
        for (Raindrop raindrop : mRaindrops) {
            mRaindropPaint.setColor(raindrop.changeAlpha());
            canvas.drawCircle(raindrop.x, raindrop.y, raindrop.radius, mRaindropPaint);
            //水滴的扩散和透明的渐变效果
            raindrop.radius += 1.0f * 20 / 60 / mFlicker;
            raindrop.alpha -= 1.0f * 255 / 60 / mFlicker;
        }
        removeRaindrop();
    }

    /**
     * 画扫描效果
     */
    private void drawSweep(Canvas canvas, int cx, int cy, int radius) {
        //扇形的透明的渐变效果
        SweepGradient sweepGradient = new SweepGradient(cx, cy,
                new int[]{Color.TRANSPARENT, changeAlpha(mSweepColor, 0), changeAlpha(mSweepColor, 168),
                        changeAlpha(mSweepColor, 255), changeAlpha(mSweepColor, 255)
                }, new float[]{0.0f, 0.6f, 0.99f, 0.998f, 1f});
        mSweepPaint.setShader(sweepGradient);
        //先旋转画布,再绘制扫描的颜色渲染,实现扫描时的旋转效果。
        canvas.rotate(-90 + mDegrees, cx, cy);
        canvas.drawCircle(cx, cy, radius, mSweepPaint);
    }

    /**
     * 开始扫描
     */
    public void start() {
        if (!isScanning) {
            isScanning = true;
            invalidate();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 停止扫描
     */
    public void stop() {
        if (isScanning) {
            isScanning = false;
            mRaindrops.clear();
            mDegrees = 0.0f;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 水滴数据类
     */
    private static class Raindrop {

        int x;
        int y;
        float radius;
        int color;
        float alpha = 255;

        public Raindrop(int x, int y, float radius, int color) {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
            this.radius = radius;
            this.color = color;
        }

        /**
         * 获取改变透明度后的颜色值
         *
         * @return
         */
        public int changeAlpha() {
            return RadarView.changeAlpha(color, (int) alpha);
        }

    }

    /**
     * dp转px
     */
    private static int dp2px(Context context, float dpVal) {
        return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP,
                dpVal, context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
    }

    /**
     * 改变颜色的透明度
     *
     * @param color
     * @param alpha
     * @return
     */
    private static int changeAlpha(int color, int alpha) {
        int red = Color.red(color);
        int green = Color.green(color);
        int blue = Color.blue(color);
        return Color.argb(alpha, red, green, blue);
    }
}

自定义属性:在res/values下创建attrs.xml




    
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
    

效果图:

Android自定义View 雷达扫描效果_第2张图片
效果图

源码下载

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