CISC-235 Data Structures

CISC-235 Data Structures
Assignment 2
February 5, 2019
1 Problems
In this assignment, you will implement a binary search tree structure and associated
functions. The goal of this assignment is to:

1. get familiar with the implementation of a binary (search) tree.
2. use stacks (you need to implement the stack ADT as well).
3. get familiar with iterative/recursive operations on a binary (search) tree.
   1.1 Implementation of Stack Using Array-based List: 10
   points
   Create a class named Stack using array-based list provided by a particular
   programming language (e.g., List in Python). Your class should contain an
   initialization function, as well as the following functions (we just mention the
   name of each function, you need determine what is the input):
   isEmpty, this function checks whether the current Stack instance is empty.
   It should return true if the Stack is empty.
   push, this function should takes a data item as input and add it into the
   Stack.
   pop, this function should return the data item on the top of the current
   Stack and remove it from the Stack.
   top, this function should return the data item on the top of the current
   Stack without modifying the Stack.
   size, this function should return the number of data items in the Stack.
   1
   1.2 Implementation a Binary Search Tree: 80 points
   Binary search tree (BST) is a special type of binary tree which satisfies the
   binary search property, i.e., the key in each node must be greater than any key
   stored in the left sub-tree, and less than any key stored in the right sub-tree.
   See a sample binary search tree below:
   Figure 1: Binary Search Tree 1
   Your task is to create a class named BinarySearchTree satisfying the following
   requirements (you can create more instance variables if you want):
   1) Each node inside the BST has at least these attributes: value(data stored
   in the node), leftChild (reference to another node), and rightChild (reference
   to another node)
   2) Must have an insert function (i.e., insert a new node). You may assume
   that the values to be stored in the tree are integers.
   3) Must have a searchPath function that returns a list of all the values visited
   on the search path. For example, on a particular tree T, T.searchPath(10)
   might return 8, 20, 15, 14, 10.
   4) Must have a getTotalDepth function that computes the sum of the
   depths of all nodes in the tree. Your getTotalDepth function should run
   in O(n) time. Hint: if a node knows its own depth, it can tell its children
   what their depth is. Each node can add its own depth to the total depth
   reported by its children, and return that sum. The value returned by the
   root will be the total depth of the tree.
   5) Mush have a getWeightBalanceFactor function. The weight balance
   factor of a binary tree is a measure of how well-balanced it is, i.e., how
   evenly its nodes are distributed between the left and right subtrees of
   each node. More specifically, weight balance factor of a binary tree is the
   maximum value of the absolute value of (number of nodes in left subtreenumber
   of nodes in right subtree) for all nodes in the tree. For example,
   given the binary search tree shown in Figure 2, your function should return
4. although if you just look at the root node, the difference in the number
   of nodes in the left subtree and right subtree is 1.
   2
   Figure 2: Binary Search Tree 2
   1.3 Reconstruct a Binary Search Tree From a File Using
   a Stack: 30 points
   Create a loadTreeFromFile function in the above BinarySearchTree class.
   This function takes a String filename as input, and return a BinarySearchTree
   object. The file list the nodes of the tree in post-order sequence, one node per
   line. Each line contains a string which is the data value stored in the node, and
   two other 0/1 tags. The first tag indicates whether or not this node has a left
   child, the second tag indicates whether the node has a right child. For example,
   to reconstruct the sample binary search tree in Figure 1, the input file contains
   the following lines:
5. 0 0
6. 0 0
7. 1 1
8. 0 0
9. 0 1
10. 1 1
    The above information is sufficient to uniquely determine any binary tree.
    The tree can be reconstructed from the file using the following algorithm:
    create empty stack of BinarySearchTree
    while there is another line of input in the file:
    read a line (containing data and 2 tags)
    if the second tag is 1, pop an element from the stack and call it
    right_tree
    if the first tag is 1, pop an element from the stack and call it
    left_tree
    crate a new binary search tree with data as its root and left_tree
    and right_tree as its subtrees (if they exist)
    push the new tree onto your stack
    When you exit the while loop, the stack should contains one element and that
    3
    is the tree you want to return. Note that you should check the second tag
    (indicating if the node has right child or not) first. And if your right tree and
    left tree is empty, you should create a new tree with only one node, i.e., the
    root node. You should use the Stack you created in Section 1.1.
    1.4 Test Code and Style: 30 points
    You must comment your code, and write test code. In your test code, you
    should:
    1) Reconstruct a binary search tree T (should be the one shown in Figure 1)
    by reading a file containing the lines shown in Section 1.3.
    2) Calculate the total depth of T.
    3) Calculate the Weight Balance Factor of T.
    4) Insert a new value, i.e., 5, into T.
    5) Print path of searching the value 5.
    6) Calculate the total depth of T.
    7) Calculate the Weight Balance Factor of T.
11. Assignment Requirements
    This assignment is to be completed individually (we have the right to run any
    clone detection tool). You need submit your documented source code (Stack
    class + BinarySearchTree class + test code). If you have multiple files, please
    combine all of them into a .zip archive and submit it to OnQ system. The .zip
    archive should contain your student number. Deadline: Feb-18 12:00am, 2019.
    WX：codehelp