SpringCloud 整合 Sentinel 并连接 Nacos 改造后的控制台

环境依赖

Nacos。如使用docker安装可参考：docker-compose部署Nacos

改造好的 sentinel-dashboard。具体改造可参考改造sentinel-dashboard，使用Nacos持久化规则（详细）

创建项目

创建项目 hello-sentinel。

pom.xml 文件如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>2.3.0.RELEASEversion>
        <relativePath/> 
    parent>
    <groupId>top.zysitegroupId>
    <artifactId>hello-sentinelartifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <name>hello-sentinelname>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>
    <packaging>pompackaging>

    <modules>
        <module>hello-sentinel-gatewaymodule>
        <module>hello-sentinel-normalmodule>
    modules>

    <properties>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR5spring-cloud.version>
        <admin-starter-server.version>2.2.3admin-starter-server.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.0.RELEASEspring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>de.codecentricgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-serverartifactId>
                <version>${admin-starter-server.version}version>
            dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
                <version>2.4.0version>
            dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
                <scope>testscope>
            dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
                <artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
                <version>1.2.75version>
            dependency>

        dependencies>
    dependencyManagement>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>springid>
            <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/springurl>
            <releases>
                <enabled>trueenabled>
            releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>trueenabled>
            snapshots>
        repository>
    repositories>
project>

创建两个子模块：hello-sentinel-normal，和hello-sentinel-gateway。

hello-sentinel-normal 子模块 pom.xml 文件如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>hello-sentinelartifactId>
        <groupId>top.zysitegroupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>top.zysitegroupId>
    <artifactId>hello-sentinel-normalartifactId>
    <packaging>jarpackaging>
    <name>hello-sentinel-normalname>

    <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
		
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>

配置使用 普通服务（非网关）中配置 章节下的配置。

创建一个 测试 Controller：

package top.zysite.hello.sentinel.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Random;

/**
 * Hello控制器
 *
 * @author Leo
 * @create 2021/1/27 16:25
 **/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("hello")
public class HelloController {
     

//    @SentinelResource(value = "hello", fallback = "sentinelFallback")
    @GetMapping("sentinel")
    public String sentinel(){
     
        return "hello sentinel";
    }

//    @SentinelResource(value = "degrade", fallback = "sentinelFallback")
    @GetMapping("degrade")
    public String degrade(){
     
        //测试降级
        if(new Random().nextInt() % 2 == 0) {
     
            return "hello degrade";
        } else {
     
            throw new RuntimeException("RuntimeException");
        }
    }

    @GetMapping("param")
    public String paramFlowRule(String param1, Integer param2) {
     
        return "paramFlowRule";
    }

    public String sentinelFallback() {
     
        return "hello fallback";
    }
}

hello-sentinel-gateway 子模块 pom.xml 文件如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>hello-sentinelartifactId>
        <groupId>top.zysitegroupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>top.zysitegroupId>
    <artifactId>hello-sentinel-gatewayartifactId>
    <packaging>jarpackaging>
    <name>hello-sentinel-gatewayname>

    <dependencies>
		
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>

配置使用 网关中配置 章节下的配置。

普通服务（非网关）中配置

如果项目使用Spring Cloud，引入 Spring Cloud 整合依赖。

完整引入如下依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discoveryartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-configartifactId>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinelartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cspgroupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacosartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeignartifactId>
dependency>

在各个服务的配置文件中配置接入控制台并从 Nacos 获取限流、降级规则：

Sentinel 限流规则默认存在内存中，重启、掉线就会丢失，为了持久化限流规则，可以使用 Nacos 作为 Sentinel 限流规则数据源，此前已经对 sentinel-dashboard 进行了改造。完整application.yml配置如下：

server:
  port: 9003
nacos:
  server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
  group-id: SENTINEL_GROUP
  data-type: json

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-sentinel-normal
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8888
        port: 8719
        #客户端ip，多网卡时多次连接可能识别不同
#        client-ip: X.X.X.X
      datasource:
        #限流规则
        flow:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-flow-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: flow
        #降级规则
        degrade:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-degrade-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: degrade
        #热点规则
        param:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-param-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: param_flow
        #系统规则
        system:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-system-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: system
        #授权规则
        authority:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-auth-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: authority
      #取消延迟加载
      eager: true


management: #开启SpringBoot Admin的监控
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: always
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true #开启feign对sentinel的支持

网关中配置

从 1.6.0 版本开始，Sentinel 提供了 Spring Cloud Gateway 的适配模块，可以提供两种资源维度的限流：

• route 维度：即在 Spring 配置文件中配置的路由条目，资源名为对应的 routeId
• 自定义 API 维度：用户可以利用 Sentinel 提供的 API 来自定义一些 API 分组

网关需要额外引入 Sentinel 整合网关的依赖，完整依赖如下：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gatewayartifactId>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discoveryartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-configartifactId>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinelartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-sentinel-gatewayartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cspgroupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacosartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeignartifactId>
dependency>

完整application.yml配置如下：

server:
  port: 9100
nacos:
  server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
  group-id: SENTINEL_GROUP
  data-type: json

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-sentinel-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          lower-case-service-id: true
          enabled: true
      routes:
        - id: hello-sentinel-normal
          uri: lb://hello-sentinel-normal
          predicates:
            - Path=/normalservice/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8888
        port: 8719
        #客户端ip，多网卡时多次连接可能识别不同
      #        client-ip: x.x.x.x
      datasource:
        #网关route纬度限流规则
        gateway-flow:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-gateway-flow
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: gw_flow
        #网关api纬度限流规则
        gateway-api:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-gateway-api
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: gw_api_group
        #降级规则
        degrade:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-degrade-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: degrade
        #系统规则
        system:
          nacos:
            server-addr: ${
     nacos.server-addr}
            data-id: ${
     spring.application.name}-system-rules
            group-id: ${
     sentinel.group-id}
            data-type: ${
     sentinel.data-type}
            rule-type: system
      #取消延迟加载
      eager: true

management: #开启SpringBoot Admin的监控
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: always
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true #开启feign对sentinel的支持

在 启动类 main 方法里加入一条语句设置当前应用为网关类型：

@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class GateWayApplication {
     
    public static void main(String[] args) {
     
        //设置为网关类型
        System.setProperty("csp.sentinel.app.type", "1");
        SpringApplication.run(GateWayApplication.class, args);
    }
}

详情：Spring Cloud Gateway 网关限流

测试

访问 localhost:8888 ，进入 sentinel 控制台，账户密码都为 sentinel ，登录进去。

启动 hello-sentinel-normal 和 hello-sentinel-gateway。

可以看到都已经连接到 sentinel 控制台了。在控制台 里创建、编辑各种规则，规则都会以配置文件形式保存在 Nacos 中。为 hello-sentinel-normal添加一条限流规则，然后进入 Nacos 控制台 localhost:8848 查看。

可以通过一些工具如 jmeter 测试限流是否正常。

服务中使用熔断功能

普通服务

通过@SentinelResource注解中的fallback或者defaultFallback属性指定熔断方法，进行熔断处理。

SentinelResource注解属性详情

示例代码：

@Service
public class DemoService {
     
    @SentinelResource(value = "DemoService#hello", defaultFallback = "helloFallback")
    public String hello(String name) {
     
        return "Hello, " + name;
    }

    public String helloFallback(String name, Throwable t) {
     
        if (BlockException.isBlockException(t)) {
     
            return "Blocked by Sentinel: " + t.getClass().getSimpleName();
        }
        return "Oops, failed: " + t.getClass().getCanonicalName();
    }
}

Feign 支持

依赖前面已经引入。

配置文件中配置feign.sentinel.enabled=true，开启对 feign 的支持。

示例代码：

@FeignClient(name = "service-provider", fallback = EchoServiceFallback.class, configuration = FeignConfiguration.class)
public interface EchoService {
     
    @RequestMapping(value = "/echo/{str}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String echo(@PathVariable("str") String str);
}

class FeignConfiguration {
     
    @Bean
    public EchoServiceFallback echoServiceFallback() {
     
        return new EchoServiceFallback();
    }
}

class EchoServiceFallback implements EchoService {
     
    @Override
    public String echo(@PathVariable("str") String str) {
     
        return "echo fallback";
    }
}

RestTemplate 支持

在构造 RestTemplate bean 的时候需要加上 @SentinelRestTemplate 注解。

示例代码：

@Bean
@SentinelRestTemplate(blockHandler = "handleException", blockHandlerClass = ExceptionUtil.class)
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
     
    return new RestTemplate();
}

@SentinelRestTemplate 注解的属性支持限流(blockHandler, blockHandlerClass)和降级(fallback, fallbackClass)的处理。

源码

源码：上述例子源码

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