从MVC和三层架构说到ssh整合开发(下)

这章主要讲整合开发,直接从实战讲起

  详细请看源代码注释:

  全部代码下载(csdn):链接

  Github链接:链接https://github.com/wpeace1212/javaBlog/tree/master/sshDemo

 1.整合流程

  针对一个简单项目,让大家对三层机构和MVC有一个简单的认识,以及怎样整合ssh框架;

  1.整合的项目介绍:

  (1) 企业人事管理系统!要求对员工信息进行维护。

  (2) 后台系统先登陆,才能操作员工: 添加/修改/删除

  (3) 没有登陆,只能查看列表,不能操作!

  2.功能分类:

  (1) 管理员模块:对应AdminAction中实现

  登陆/注册

  (2) 员工模块:对应EmployeeAction中实现

  添加一个员工, 指定添加的部门

  对指定的员工信息修改

  删除选择员工

  列表展示

  3.需要的技术:

  (1) Struts2:对是否登陆的拦截,对各个功能请求的分别处理,模型驱动。

  (2) Hibernate4:建立多对一关系的数据库,以及实现增删改查

  表t_admin:存放管理员信息

  表t_dept:存放部门信息,要用到one-to-many关联员工表

  表t_employee:存放员工信息,要用到many-to-one关联部门表

  (3) Spring:实现bean对象的创建管理,整合,事务管理

  (4) 大体按照下面的流程进行介绍:设计数据库直接在实体存中实现

  - Jar包引入

  - entity层映射

  - Spring配置

  - hibernate配置

  - Dao层

  - Service层

  - web.xml配置

  - struts.xml配置

  - Action层

  - jsp层

  三层架构:其中2,4,5步是数据访问层,3,6步是业务逻辑层,7,9,10步表现层

  MVC:其中2,3,4,5,6步是模型层,7,9,步是控制层,10步是视图层

  (5) 工程简图:

 2.Jar包下载

  第一步当然是建立web项目、引入jar文件、准备环境了,建立就不介绍了,只介绍最小包的引入:

  我的最小包下载地址(ssh最小包):http://download.csdn.net/detail/peace1213/9412092

  1.Struts 2.3.16.1

  下载地址:http://struts.apache.org/download

  Struts中需要引入的包:struts-2.3.16.1/apps/struts2-blank/WEB-INF/lib:该lib下面的包都可以引入;

  2.spring-framework-4.2.3.RELEASE-dist.zip

  下载地址:http://repo.springsource.org/libs-release-local/org/springframework/spring/

  需要引入的包:

  3.Hibernate 4.1.6

  下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate4

  需要引入的包:

  4.Aopalliance 1.0

  该包在struts的lib中有

  下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/aopalliance

aopalliance.jar

  5.Aspectj 1.7.0

  下载地址:http://www.eclipse.org/aspectj/downloads.php

aspectjrt.jar  

aspectjweaver.jar

  6.Cglib 2.2.3

  下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/cglib/files

cglib-2.2.3.jar

  7.Asm 3.3

  该包在struts的lib中有

  下载地址:http://forge.ow2.org/projects/asm

asm-3.3.jar

  8.Log4j 1.2.17

  该包在struts的lib中有

  下载地址:http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/download.html

log4j-1.2.17.jar

  9.mysql-connector-java-5.1.37-bin.jar

  下载地址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j

mysql-connector-java-5.1.37-bin.jar

  10.Commons Logging 1.1.1

  该包在struts的lib中有

  下载地址:http://commons.apache.org/logging

commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

  其他需要引入的jar:

 3.entity层映射

  1.需要建立三个实体类:Admin.java,Dept.java,Employee.java,如下:

此处都省略getset方法:

public class Admin {

    private int id;

    private String adminName;

    private String pwd;

......

public class Dept {

    private int id;

    private String name;

    private Set emps=new LinkedHashSet<>();

......



public class Employee {

    private int id;

    private String empName;

    private double salary;

    private Dept dept;

......

  2.建立对应的映射文件:×.hbm.xml

  1.Admin.hbm.xml:

<class name="Admin" table="t_admin">

        <id name="id">

            class="native">

        id>

        <property name="adminName" length="20">property>

        <property name="pwd" length="20">property>

    class>

  2.Dept.hbm.xml:

   <class name="Dept" table="t_dept">

       <id name="id" >

          class="native">

       id>

       <property name="name" column="Dname">property>

       <set name="emps" cascade="save-update,delete" table="t_employee" >

           "dept_id">

           to-many class="Employee">to-many>

       set>

  3.Employee.hbm.xml:

 <class name="Employee" table="t_employee">

       <id name="id">

        class="native">

       id>

      <property name="empName"  length="20">property>

        <property name="salary" type="double">property> 

        to-one name="dept" column="dept_id" class="Dept">to-one>

   class>

 4.Spring配置 :

  Spring分为:bean-base.xml,bean-dao.xml,bean-service.xml,bean-action.xml,以及整合成一个的bean.xml

  辞去暂时介绍bean-base.xml基础功能文件和bean.xml,其他文件到相应的介绍地方再进行介绍;

  1.bean-base.xml:主要配置Hibernate的工厂sessionFactory和事务,连接池



<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

         

        <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">

            <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">property>

            <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/day01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8">property>

            <property name="user" value="root">property>

            <property name="password" value="123456">property>

            <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3">property>

            <property name="maxPoolSize" value="10">property>

            <property name="maxStatements" value="100">property>

            <property name="acquireIncrement" value="2">property>

                bean>

                

    

    <bean id="sessionFactory"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">property>

        

        <property name="hibernateProperties">

            <props>

                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialectprop>

                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">trueprop>

                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">updateprop>

            props>

        property>

      

        <property name="mappingLocations">

            <list>

                <value>classpath:com/rlovep/entity/*.hbm.xmlvalue>

            list>

        property>

        bean>



        

    

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>

    bean>

    

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/>

        tx:attributes>

    tx:advice>

    

    <aop:config>

         <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.rlovep.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="pt"/>

         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt"/>

    aop:config>

         

      <bean id="appDao" class="com.rlovep.entity.AppDao">

            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>

          bean>

 beans>

  2.bean.xml:

....省略.....

    

    <import resource="config/bean-base.xml"/>

    <import resource="config/bean-dao.xml"/>

    <import resource="config/bean-service.xml"/>

    <import resource="config/bean-action.xml"/>

beans>   

 5.Hibernate配置:

  Spring中已经配置好了Hibernate,此处主要讲解建立数据库中的三个表;

  1、建立AppDao类文件:bean已经在bean.hbm.xml中配置了

/*

 * 用来创建数据库中的表

 */

public class AppDao {

    //工厂通过spring注入

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {

        this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;

    }

    //@Test

    public void test(){

        //sessionFactory=(SessionFactory)ac.getBean("sessionFactory");

        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();

        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

        //保存管理员,并创建表

        Admin admin=new Admin();

        admin.setAdminName("admin");

        admin.setPwd("123456");

        session.save(admin);

        //保存部门和雇员,并创建表

        Dept dept1=new Dept();

        Dept dept2=new Dept();

....省略.....

//持久化

        session.save(dept1);

....省略.....

        session.save(employee4);

        tx.commit();

        session.close();

    }

  2.建立类App类创建数据库和存数据:

public class App {

    private ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config/bean-base.xml");

    @Test

    public void test(){

        //ac.getBean("deptDao");

        AppDao appDao = (AppDao)ac.getBean("appDao");

        appDao.test();

    }

}

  3.点击运行App的test方法就可以完成数据库的创建;

 6.Dao层:实现数据增删改查;

  1.先建立接口: IAdminDao,IDepDao,IEmployee,IBaseDao(所有Dao的通用操作接口定义)

  此处只贴出IBaseDao接口的定义:

/*

 * * 所有dao的通用操作接口定义

 */

public interface IBaseDao {

    /**

     * 保存

     * @param obj

     */

    void save(T obj);



....省略.....

}

  2.接口的实现:AdminDao,DepDao,Employee,BaseDao(所有Dao的通用操作,希望所有的dao都继承此类)

  BaseDao实现:

/*

 * 所有dao的通用操作,希望所有的dao都继承此类

 */

public class BaseDao implements IBaseDao{

    //当前操作实际的bean类型

    private Classclazz;

    //获取类名称

    private String className;

    // IOC容器(依赖)注入SessionFactory对象

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {

        this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;

    }

     public BaseDao() {

        Type type=this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();

        //转换为参数化类型

        ParameterizedType pt=(ParameterizedType)type;// BaseDao

        //得到实际类型

        Type types[]=pt.getActualTypeArguments();

        //获取实际类型

        clazz=(Class)types[0];

        className = clazz.getSimpleName();//例如:Employee

    }

....省略.....

    @Override

    public List getAll() {

        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from "+className);

        List list = query.list();

        return list;

    }

}

  其他接口实现:

//只需要继承通用操作,和特点接口就行:这里接口中没有方法,可以加方法

public class DeptDao extends BaseDao<Dept> implements IDepDao{
     

}

 7.Service层:

  同样先建立接口再建立类,此处不贴出代码,介绍bean-dao.xml,bean-service.xml的建立,以及对刚刚建立的Dao和service进行测试

  1.bean-dao.xml

 

         <bean id="adminDao" class="com.rlovep.dao.impl.AdminDao">

             <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>

          bean>

          <bean id="deptDao" class="com.rlovep.dao.impl.DeptDao">

             <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>

          bean>

          <bean id="employeeDao" class="com.rlovep.dao.impl.EmployeeDao">

             <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>

          bean>

  2.bean-service.xml

 

          <bean id="adminService" class="com.rlovep.service.impl.AdminService">

            <property name="adminDao" ref="adminDao">property>

          bean>

           <bean id="deptService" class="com.rlovep.service.impl.DeptService">

            <property name="deptDao" ref="deptDao">property>

          bean>

           <bean id="employeeService" class="com.rlovep.service.impl.EmployeeService">

            <property name="employeeDao" ref="employeeDao">property>

          bean>

  3.测试刚刚建立的dao和service:

  在包service中建立App测试类:

public class App {

    //加载spring的配置文件

   private ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");

   //测试Admin的操作

   @Test

   public void testAdmin(){

       //获得bean

     IAdminService adminService=(IAdminService)ac.getBean("adminService");

     Admin admin=new Admin();

     admin.setAdminName("admin");

     admin.setPwd("123456");

    System.out.println( adminService.login(admin));

   }

   //测试Dept的操作

   @Test

   public void testDept(){

     IDeptService service=( IDeptService)ac.getBean("deptService");

    System.out.println( service.findById(1));

   }

   //测试Employee的操作

   @Test

   public void testEmployee(){

     IEmployeeService service=( IEmployeeService)ac.getBean("employeeService");

     List list = service.getAll();

    System.out.println( service.findById(9));

   }

}

 8.web.xml配置:

  1、需要配置Spring

  2、需要配置Struts2

  3、配置文件如下:



<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <display-name>sshDemodisplay-name>

  

        

        <filter>

            <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewfilter-name>

            <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilterfilter-class>

        filter>

        <filter-mapping>

            <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewfilter-name>

            <url-pattern>*.actionurl-pattern>

        filter-mapping>

              

          <filter>

          

            <filter-name>struts2filter-name>

          

            <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilterfilter-class>

          filter>

        

          <filter-mapping>

              <filter-name>struts2filter-name>

              <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>

          filter-mapping>

             

        <context-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>

            <param-value>classpath:bean.xmlparam-value>

        context-param>

        <listener>

            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>

        listener>

         

    <welcome-file-list>

        <welcome-file>index.jspwelcome-file>

    welcome-file-list>

web-app>

 9.struts.xml配置 :

  1.由于spring的整合,在 struts.xml配置文件中的class属性直接使用:spring的配置文件bean-action.xml中定义的bean

  2.struts.xml文件:

<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">



            <result name="loginFaild">/login.jspresult>

            

            <result name="index" type="redirectAction">emp_listresult>

      action>

       <action name="emp_*" class="employeeAction" method="{1}">

           

            <result name="list">/WEB-INF/list.jspresult>

            

            <result name="add">/WEB-INF/add.jspresult>

            

            <result name="listAction" type="redirectAction">emp_listresult>       

            

            <result name="edit">/WEB-INF/edit.jspresult>

      action>

  3.bean-action.xml文件:

    

    <bean id="adminAction" class="com.rlovep.action.AdminAction" scope="prototype">

        <property name="adminService" ref="adminService">property>

    bean>

    <bean id="employeeAction" class="com.rlovep.action.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype">

        <property name="deptService" ref="deptService">property>

        <property name="employeeService" ref="employeeService">property>

    bean>

 10.Action层 :

  1、建立AdminAction文件:继承ActionSupport类,和实现ModelDriver接口

  2、建立EmployeeAction文件:继承ActionSupport类,和实现ModelDriver接口

  3、建立拦截器类:AdminInterceptor类用于判断是否登陆;继承AbstractInterceptor

@Override

    public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {

        //得到当前执行的方法

        String method = invocation.getProxy().getMethod();

        //判断:当不为登陆方法和list方法时

        if(!"login".equals(method)&&!"list".equals(method)){

            Object obj= ActionContext.getContext().getSession().get("adminInfo");

            if(obj==null){

                //没有登陆

                return "login";

            }else{

                //放行

                return invocation.invoke();

            }

        }

        //放行

        return invocation.invoke();

    }

  建立相应的jsp文件:

  主要有:index,login,edit,add,list等jsp文件;详情见工程源代码;

 11.测试图:部署动态工程

  测试登陆

  测试添加

  测试删除

  测试修改

  好的本章介绍到这里

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