这章主要讲整合开发,直接从实战讲起
详细请看源代码注释:
全部代码下载(csdn):链接
Github链接:链接https://github.com/wpeace1212/javaBlog/tree/master/sshDemo
针对一个简单项目,让大家对三层机构和MVC有一个简单的认识,以及怎样整合ssh框架;
1.整合的项目介绍:
(1) 企业人事管理系统!要求对员工信息进行维护。
(2) 后台系统先登陆,才能操作员工: 添加/修改/删除
(3) 没有登陆,只能查看列表,不能操作!
2.功能分类:
(1) 管理员模块:对应AdminAction中实现
登陆/注册
(2) 员工模块:对应EmployeeAction中实现
添加一个员工, 指定添加的部门
对指定的员工信息修改
删除选择员工
列表展示
3.需要的技术:
(1) Struts2:对是否登陆的拦截,对各个功能请求的分别处理,模型驱动。
(2) Hibernate4:建立多对一关系的数据库,以及实现增删改查
表t_admin:存放管理员信息
表t_dept:存放部门信息,要用到one-to-many关联员工表
表t_employee:存放员工信息,要用到many-to-one关联部门表
(3) Spring:实现bean对象的创建管理,整合,事务管理
(4) 大体按照下面的流程进行介绍:设计数据库直接在实体存中实现
- Jar包引入
- entity层映射
- Spring配置
- hibernate配置
- Dao层
- Service层
- web.xml配置
- struts.xml配置
- Action层
- jsp层
三层架构:其中2,4,5步是数据访问层,3,6步是业务逻辑层,7,9,10步表现层
MVC:其中2,3,4,5,6步是模型层,7,9,步是控制层,10步是视图层
(5) 工程简图:
第一步当然是建立web项目、引入jar文件、准备环境了,建立就不介绍了,只介绍最小包的引入:
我的最小包下载地址(ssh最小包):http://download.csdn.net/detail/peace1213/9412092
1.Struts 2.3.16.1
下载地址:http://struts.apache.org/download
Struts中需要引入的包:struts-2.3.16.1/apps/struts2-blank/WEB-INF/lib:该lib下面的包都可以引入;
2.spring-framework-4.2.3.RELEASE-dist.zip
下载地址:http://repo.springsource.org/libs-release-local/org/springframework/spring/
需要引入的包:
3.Hibernate 4.1.6
下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate4
需要引入的包:
4.Aopalliance 1.0
该包在struts的lib中有
下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/aopalliance
aopalliance.jar
5.Aspectj 1.7.0
下载地址:http://www.eclipse.org/aspectj/downloads.php
aspectjrt.jar
aspectjweaver.jar
6.Cglib 2.2.3
下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/cglib/files
cglib-2.2.3.jar
7.Asm 3.3
该包在struts的lib中有
下载地址:http://forge.ow2.org/projects/asm
asm-3.3.jar
8.Log4j 1.2.17
该包在struts的lib中有
下载地址:http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/download.html
log4j-1.2.17.jar
9.mysql-connector-java-5.1.37-bin.jar
下载地址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j
mysql-connector-java-5.1.37-bin.jar
10.Commons Logging 1.1.1
该包在struts的lib中有
下载地址:http://commons.apache.org/logging
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
其他需要引入的jar:
1.需要建立三个实体类:Admin.java,Dept.java,Employee.java,如下:
此处都省略get和set方法:
public class Admin {
private int id;
private String adminName;
private String pwd;
......
public class Dept {
private int id;
private String name;
private Set emps=new LinkedHashSet<>();
......
public class Employee {
private int id;
private String empName;
private double salary;
private Dept dept;
......
2.建立对应的映射文件:×.hbm.xml
1.Admin.hbm.xml:
<class name="Admin" table="t_admin">
<id name="id">
class="native">
id>
<property name="adminName" length="20">property>
<property name="pwd" length="20">property>
class>
2.Dept.hbm.xml:
<class name="Dept" table="t_dept">
<id name="id" >
class="native">
id>
<property name="name" column="Dname">property>
<set name="emps" cascade="save-update,delete" table="t_employee" >
"dept_id">
to-many class="Employee"> to-many>
set>
3.Employee.hbm.xml:
<class name="Employee" table="t_employee">
<id name="id">
class="native">
id>
<property name="empName" length="20">property>
<property name="salary" type="double">property>
to-one name="dept" column="dept_id" class="Dept"> to-one>
class>
Spring分为:bean-base.xml,bean-dao.xml,bean-service.xml,bean-action.xml,以及整合成一个的bean.xml
辞去暂时介绍bean-base.xml基础功能文件和bean.xml,其他文件到相应的介绍地方再进行介绍;
1.bean-base.xml:主要配置Hibernate的工厂sessionFactory和事务,连接池
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/day01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8">property>
<property name="user" value="root">property>
<property name="password" value="123456">property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="3">property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="10">property>
<property name="maxStatements" value="100">property>
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="2">property>
bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialectprop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">trueprop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">updateprop>
props>
property>
<property name="mappingLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath:com/rlovep/entity/*.hbm.xmlvalue>
list>
property>
bean>
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>
bean>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/>
tx:attributes>
tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.rlovep.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="pt"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt"/>
aop:config>
<bean id="appDao" class="com.rlovep.entity.AppDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>
bean>
beans>
2.bean.xml:
....省略.....
<import resource="config/bean-base.xml"/>
<import resource="config/bean-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="config/bean-service.xml"/>
<import resource="config/bean-action.xml"/>
beans>
Spring中已经配置好了Hibernate,此处主要讲解建立数据库中的三个表;
1、建立AppDao类文件:bean已经在bean.hbm.xml中配置了
/*
* 用来创建数据库中的表
*/
public class AppDao {
//工厂通过spring注入
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
//@Test
public void test(){
//sessionFactory=(SessionFactory)ac.getBean("sessionFactory");
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
//保存管理员,并创建表
Admin admin=new Admin();
admin.setAdminName("admin");
admin.setPwd("123456");
session.save(admin);
//保存部门和雇员,并创建表
Dept dept1=new Dept();
Dept dept2=new Dept();
....省略.....
//持久化
session.save(dept1);
....省略.....
session.save(employee4);
tx.commit();
session.close();
}
2.建立类App类创建数据库和存数据:
public class App {
private ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config/bean-base.xml");
@Test
public void test(){
//ac.getBean("deptDao");
AppDao appDao = (AppDao)ac.getBean("appDao");
appDao.test();
}
}
3.点击运行App的test方法就可以完成数据库的创建;
1.先建立接口: IAdminDao,IDepDao,IEmployee,IBaseDao(所有Dao的通用操作接口定义)
此处只贴出IBaseDao接口的定义:
/*
* * 所有dao的通用操作接口定义
*/
public interface IBaseDao {
/**
* 保存
* @param obj
*/
void save(T obj);
....省略.....
}
2.接口的实现:AdminDao,DepDao,Employee,BaseDao(所有Dao的通用操作,希望所有的dao都继承此类)
BaseDao实现:
/*
* 所有dao的通用操作,希望所有的dao都继承此类
*/
public class BaseDao implements IBaseDao{
//当前操作实际的bean类型
private Classclazz;
//获取类名称
private String className;
// IOC容器(依赖)注入SessionFactory对象
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
public BaseDao() {
Type type=this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
//转换为参数化类型
ParameterizedType pt=(ParameterizedType)type;// BaseDao
//得到实际类型
Type types[]=pt.getActualTypeArguments();
//获取实际类型
clazz=(Class)types[0];
className = clazz.getSimpleName();//例如:Employee
}
....省略.....
@Override
public List getAll() {
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from "+className);
List list = query.list();
return list;
}
}
其他接口实现:
//只需要继承通用操作,和特点接口就行:这里接口中没有方法,可以加方法
public class DeptDao extends BaseDao<Dept> implements IDepDao{
}
同样先建立接口再建立类,此处不贴出代码,介绍bean-dao.xml,bean-service.xml的建立,以及对刚刚建立的Dao和service进行测试
1.bean-dao.xml
<bean id="adminDao" class="com.rlovep.dao.impl.AdminDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>
bean>
<bean id="deptDao" class="com.rlovep.dao.impl.DeptDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>
bean>
<bean id="employeeDao" class="com.rlovep.dao.impl.EmployeeDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">property>
bean>
2.bean-service.xml
<bean id="adminService" class="com.rlovep.service.impl.AdminService">
<property name="adminDao" ref="adminDao">property>
bean>
<bean id="deptService" class="com.rlovep.service.impl.DeptService">
<property name="deptDao" ref="deptDao">property>
bean>
<bean id="employeeService" class="com.rlovep.service.impl.EmployeeService">
<property name="employeeDao" ref="employeeDao">property>
bean>
3.测试刚刚建立的dao和service:
在包service中建立App测试类:
public class App {
//加载spring的配置文件
private ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
//测试Admin的操作
@Test
public void testAdmin(){
//获得bean
IAdminService adminService=(IAdminService)ac.getBean("adminService");
Admin admin=new Admin();
admin.setAdminName("admin");
admin.setPwd("123456");
System.out.println( adminService.login(admin));
}
//测试Dept的操作
@Test
public void testDept(){
IDeptService service=( IDeptService)ac.getBean("deptService");
System.out.println( service.findById(1));
}
//测试Employee的操作
@Test
public void testEmployee(){
IEmployeeService service=( IEmployeeService)ac.getBean("employeeService");
List
System.out.println( service.findById(9));
}
}
1、需要配置Spring
2、需要配置Struts2
3、配置文件如下:
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>sshDemodisplay-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewfilter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilterfilter-class>
filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewfilter-name>
<url-pattern>*.actionurl-pattern>
filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilterfilter-class>
filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:bean.xmlparam-value>
context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
listener>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jspwelcome-file>
welcome-file-list>
web-app>
1.由于spring的整合,在 struts.xml配置文件中的class属性直接使用:spring的配置文件bean-action.xml中定义的bean
2.struts.xml文件:
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
<result name="loginFaild">/login.jspresult>
<result name="index" type="redirectAction">emp_listresult>
action>
<action name="emp_*" class="employeeAction" method="{1}">
<result name="list">/WEB-INF/list.jspresult>
<result name="add">/WEB-INF/add.jspresult>
<result name="listAction" type="redirectAction">emp_listresult>
<result name="edit">/WEB-INF/edit.jspresult>
action>
3.bean-action.xml文件:
<bean id="adminAction" class="com.rlovep.action.AdminAction" scope="prototype">
<property name="adminService" ref="adminService">property>
bean>
<bean id="employeeAction" class="com.rlovep.action.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype">
<property name="deptService" ref="deptService">property>
<property name="employeeService" ref="employeeService">property>
bean>
1、建立AdminAction文件:继承ActionSupport类,和实现ModelDriver接口
2、建立EmployeeAction文件:继承ActionSupport类,和实现ModelDriver接口
3、建立拦截器类:AdminInterceptor类用于判断是否登陆;继承AbstractInterceptor
@Override
public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
//得到当前执行的方法
String method = invocation.getProxy().getMethod();
//判断:当不为登陆方法和list方法时
if(!"login".equals(method)&&!"list".equals(method)){
Object obj= ActionContext.getContext().getSession().get("adminInfo");
if(obj==null){
//没有登陆
return "login";
}else{
//放行
return invocation.invoke();
}
}
//放行
return invocation.invoke();
}
建立相应的jsp文件:
主要有:index,login,edit,add,list等jsp文件;详情见工程源代码;
测试登陆
测试添加
测试删除
测试修改
好的本章介绍到这里