Nginx--热部署

热部署

热部署在nginx中还是一个强大的功能,就是在线升级

原理:首先我们先会替换master进程,同时我们替换的master是与老版本的worker兼容的下一步保持现有连接的worker进程,待其老去退休,进行替换高度的模块化加上精巧的两层模型

nginx支持热加载热部署 ,其实就是在不打断用户请求的情况下更新版本,也就是在线更新版本

热部署成功(平滑更新)

在线更新nginx服务的版本并且更新成功,这个时候nginx的新版本和旧版本进程都可以同时工作,不影响客户的正常访问

热部署失败(回滚)

在线更新nginx服务的版本并且更新失败,这个时候就直接回退到原来的nginx版本进程,保证客户可以正常访问

搭建环境

tar zxf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.16.0

./configure --help

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio

make && make install

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

nginx version: nginx/1.16.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio

Nginx版本更新

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

ps aux | grep nginx

root     10364  0.0  0.1  20504   628 ?        Ss   04:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/ngin/sbin/nginx
nobody   10365  0.0  0.2  20964  1340 ?        S    04:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
root     10367  0.0  0.1 112648   960 pts/0    R+   04:34   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

tar zxf nginx-1.17.0.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.17.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio

make

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

nginx version: nginx/1.16.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio

cp -f /root/Desktop/nginx-1.17.0/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

ps -ef | grep nginx

root     10364     1  0 04:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody   12907 10364  0 04:38 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root     12915  2101  0 04:43 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

kill -USR2 10364
kill -USR2 旧版本的主进程号 (让旧版本的worker进程不再接受请求)
ps -ef | grep nginx

root     10364     1  0 04:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody   12907 10364  0 04:38 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root     12916 10364  0 04:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody   12917 12916  0 04:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root     12919  2101  0 04:44 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

kill -WINCH 10364
kill -WINCH 旧版本的主进程号 (关闭旧版本的worker进程)
ps -ef | grep nginx

root     10364     1  0 04:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root     12916 10364  0 04:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody   12917 12916  0 04:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root     12921  2101  0 04:46 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

nginx version: nginx/1.17.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio

nginx版本更新失败之后的回滚

更新完毕后如果出现问题,我们立马停止更新的进程,回滚到原来版本的进程上面

这就是没有强制结束旧版本的master进程的原因,因为可以通过旧版本的master进程将旧版本的worker进程调用回来

加入我们刚才的更新失败,现在要回到原来的1.16.0版本

kill -HUP 10364

将原来主进程的子进程恢复

ps -ef | grep nginx

kill -WINCH 12916

新版本的进程id

ps -ef | grep nginx

root     10364  0.0  0.2  20644  1360 ?        Ss   04:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/ngin/sbin/nginx
root     12916  0.0  0.3  20548  1700 ?        S    04:44   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/ngin/sbin/nginx
nobody   12969  0.0  0.2  21080  1448 ?        S    05:13   0:00 nginx: worker process
root     12971  0.0  0.1 112648   952 pts/0    R+   05:13   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

cp -f /root/Desktop/nginx-1.16.0/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

nginx version: nginx/1.16.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio

kill -9 12916

ps -aux | grep nginx

root     10364  0.0  0.2  20644  1360 ?        Ss   04:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/ngin/sbin/nginx
nobody   12969  0.0  0.2  21080  1448 ?        S    05:13   0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody   12972  0.0  0.2  21080  1448 ?        S    05:16   0:00 nginx: worker process
root     12976  0.0  0.1 112648   952 pts/0    R+   05:16   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

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