SSH快速入门

ssh登录

基本用法

远程登录服务器:

# user:用户名  hostname:ip地址或域名
ssh user@hostname 
ssh user@hostname -p 22

服务器别名

修改~/.ssh/config文件,登录远程服务器可以使用别名s1, s2。下文的s1和s2都是远程服务器的别名。

Host s1
    HostName ***.***.***.***
    User zk
    Port 22
Host s2
    HostName ***.***.***.***
    User zk
    Port 22

ssh配置免密登录

首先使用ssh-keygen创建密钥，会在~/.ssh/目录下多了两个文件.

• id_rsa : 私钥
• id_rsa_pub :公钥
  最后在本地服务器执行ssh-copy-id s1 ，其中s1是远程服务器的别名。该条命令的原理是公钥(id_rsa_pub)中的内容复制到远程服务器的~/.ssh/authorized_keys中，从而实现免密登录。

服务器之间上传下载文件

复制文件

• 将source1, source2路径下的文件复制到destination中。
  scp source1 source2 destination
• `指定服务器的端口号
  scp -P 22 source1 source2 destination

复制文件夹

• 加上 -r 参数
  scp -r ~/tmp s1:/test

linux常用的配置文件

vim配置之.vimrc

" An example for a vimrc file.
"
" To use it, copy it to
"     for Unix and OS/2:  ~/.vimrc
"             for Amiga:  s:.vimrc
"  for MS-DOS and Win32:  $VIM\_vimrc
"           for OpenVMS:  sys$login:.vimrc

" When started as "evim", evim.vim will already have done these settings.
if v:progname =~? "evim"
  finish
endif

" Use Vim settings, rather then Vi settings (much better!).
" This must be first, because it changes other options as a side effect.
set nocompatible

" allow backspacing over everything in insert mode
set backspace=indent,eol,start

if has("vms")
  set nobackup          " do not keep a backup file, use versions instead
else
  set backup            " keep a backup file
endif
set history=50          " keep 50 lines of command line history
set ruler               " show the cursor position all the time
set showcmd             " display incomplete commands
set incsearch           " do incremental searching
"==========================================================================
"My Setting-sunshanlu
"==========================================================================
vmap <leader>y :w! /tmp/vitmp<CR>
nmap <leader>p :r! cat /tmp/vitmp<CR>

"语法高亮
syntax enable
syntax on
"显示行号
set nu

"修改默认注释颜色
"hi Comment ctermfg=DarkCyan
"允许退格键删除
"set backspace=2
"启用鼠标
set mouse=a
set selection=exclusive
set selectmode=mouse,key
"按C语言格式缩进
set cindent
set autoindent
set smartindent
set shiftwidth=4

" 允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区
"set hidden

" 设置无备份文件
set writebackup
set nobackup

"显示括号匹配
set showmatch
"括号匹配显示时间为1(单位是十分之一秒)
set matchtime=5
"显示当前的行号列号：
set ruler
"在状态栏显示正在输入的命令
set showcmd

set foldmethod=syntax
"默认情况下不折叠
set foldlevel=100
" 开启状态栏信息
set laststatus=2
" 命令行的高度，默认为1，这里设为2
set cmdheight=2


" 显示Tab符，使用一高亮竖线代替
set list
"set listchars=tab:\|\ ,
set listchars=tab:>-,trail:-


"侦测文件类
filetype on
"载入文件类型插件
filetype plugin on
"为特定文件类型载入相关缩进文件
filetype indent on
" 启用自动补全
filetype plugin indent on 


"设置编码自动识别, 中文引号显示
filetype on "打开文件类型检测
"set fileencodings=euc-cn,ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb2312,gb18030,gbk,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1
set fileencodings=utf-8,gb2312,gbk,gb18030
"这个用能很给劲，不管encoding是什么编码，都能将文本显示汉字
"set termencoding=gb2312
set termencoding=utf-8
"新建文件使用的编码
set fileencoding=utf-8
"set fileencoding=gb2312
"用于显示的编码，仅仅是显示
set encoding=utf-8
"set encoding=utf-8
"set encoding=euc-cn
"set encoding=gbk
"set encoding=gb2312
"set ambiwidth=double
set fileformat=unix


"设置高亮搜索
set hlsearch
"在搜索时，输入的词句的逐字符高亮
set incsearch

" 着色模式
set t_Co=256
"colorscheme wombat256mod
"colorscheme gardener
"colorscheme elflord
colorscheme desert
"colorscheme evening
"colorscheme darkblue
"colorscheme torte
"colorscheme default

" 字体 && 字号
set guifont=Monaco:h10
"set guifont=Consolas:h10

" :LoadTemplate       根据文件后缀自动加载模板
"let g:template_path='/home/ruchee/.vim/template/'

" :AuthorInfoDetect   自动添加作者、时间等信息，本质是NERD_commenter && authorinfo的结合
""let g:vimrc_author='sunshanlu'
""let g:vimrc_email='[email protected]'
""let g:vimrc_homepage='http://www.sunshanlu.com'
"
"
" Ctrl + E            一步加载语法模板和作者、时间信息
""map <c-e> <ESC>:AuthorInfoDetect<CR><ESC>Gi
""imap <c-e> <ESC>:AuthorInfoDetect<CR><ESC>Gi
""vmap <c-e> <ESC>:AuthorInfoDetect<CR><ESC>Gi



" ======= 引号 && 括号自动匹配 ======= "
"
":inoremap ( ()<ESC>i

":inoremap ) =ClosePair(')')
"
":inoremap { {}i
"
":inoremap } =ClosePair('}')
"
":inoremap [ []i
"
":inoremap ] =ClosePair(']')
"
":inoremap < <>i
"
":inoremap > =ClosePair('>')
"
"":inoremap " ""<ESC>i
"
":inoremap ' ''<ESC>i
"
":inoremap ` ``<ESC>i
"
":inoremap * **<ESC>i

" 每行超过80个的字符用下划线标示
""au BufRead,BufNewFile *.s,*.asm,*.h,*.c,*.cpp,*.java,*.cs,*.lisp,*.el,*.erl,*.tex,*.sh,*.lua,*.pl,*.php,*.tpl,*.py,*.rb,*.erb,*.vim,*.js,*.jade,*.coffee,*.css,*.xml,*.html,*.shtml,*.xhtml Underlined /.\%81v/
"
"
" For Win32 GUI: remove 't' flag from 'guioptions': no tearoff menu entries
" let &guioptions = substitute(&guioptions, "t", "", "g")

" Don't use Ex mode, use Q for formatting
map Q gq

" This is an alternative that also works in block mode, but the deleted
" text is lost and it only works for putting the current register.
"vnoremap p "_dp

" Switch syntax highlighting on, when the terminal has colors
" Also switch on highlighting the last used search pattern.
if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
  syntax on
  set hlsearch
endif

" Only do this part when compiled with support for autocommands.
if has("autocmd")

  " Enable file type detection.
  " Use the default filetype settings, so that mail gets 'tw' set to 72,
  " 'cindent' is on in C files, etc.
  " Also load indent files, to automatically do language-dependent indenting.
  filetype plugin indent on

  " Put these in an autocmd group, so that we can delete them easily.
  augroup vimrcEx
  au!

  " For all text files set 'textwidth' to 80 characters.
  autocmd FileType text setlocal textwidth=80

  " When editing a file, always jump to the last known cursor position.
  " Don't do it when the position is invalid or when inside an event handler
  " (happens when dropping a file on gvim).
  autocmd BufReadPost *
    \ if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") |
    \   exe "normal g`\"" |
    \ endif

  augroup END

else

  set autoindent                " always set autoindenting on

endif " has("autocmd")

" 增加鼠标行高亮
set cursorline
hi CursorLine  cterm=NONE   ctermbg=darkred ctermfg=white

" 设置tab是四个空格
set ts=4
set expandtab

" 主要给Tlist使用
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1
let Tlist_Auto_Open = 1

tmux配置之.tmux.conf

set-option -g status-keys vi
setw -g mode-keys vi

setw -g monitor-activity on

# setw -g c0-change-trigger 10
# setw -g c0-change-interval 100

# setw -g c0-change-interval 50
# setw -g c0-change-trigger  75


set-window-option -g automatic-rename on
set-option -g set-titles on
set -g history-limit 100000

#set-window-option -g utf8 on

# set command prefix
set-option -g prefix C-a
unbind-key C-b
bind-key C-a send-prefix

bind h select-pane -L
bind j select-pane -D
bind k select-pane -U
bind l select-pane -R

bind -n M-Left select-pane -L
bind -n M-Right select-pane -R
bind -n M-Up select-pane -U
bind -n M-Down select-pane -D

bind < resize-pane -L 7
bind > resize-pane -R 7
bind - resize-pane -D 7
bind + resize-pane -U 7


bind-key -n M-l next-window
bind-key -n M-h previous-window



set -g status-interval 1
# status bar
set -g status-bg black
set -g status-fg blue


#set -g status-utf8 on
set -g status-justify centre
set -g status-bg default
set -g status-left " #[fg=green]#S@#H #[default]"
set -g status-left-length 20


# mouse support
# for tmux 2.1
# set -g mouse-utf8 on
set -g mouse on
#
# for previous version
#set -g mode-mouse on
#set -g mouse-resize-pane on
#set -g mouse-select-pane on
#set -g mouse-select-window on


#set -g status-right-length 25
set -g status-right "#[fg=green]%H:%M:%S #[fg=magenta]%a %m-%d #[default]"

# fix for tmux 1.9
bind '"' split-window -vc "#{pane_current_path}"
bind '%' split-window -hc "#{pane_current_path}"
bind 'c' new-window -c "#{pane_current_path}"

# run-shell "powerline-daemon -q"

# vim: ft=conf

bash配置之.bashrc

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
    *i*) ;;
      *) return;;
esac

# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth

# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize

# If set, the pattern "**" used in a pathname expansion context will
# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
#shopt -s globstar

# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
    debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi

# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
    xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac

# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
#force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
    if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
        # We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
        # (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
        # a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
        color_prompt=yes
    else
        color_prompt=
    fi
fi

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
    PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
    ;;
*)
    ;;
esac

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    #alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# colored GCC warnings and errors
#export GCC_COLORS='error=01;31:warning=01;35:note=01;36:caret=01;32:locus=01:quote=01'

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

# Add an "alert" alias for long running commands.  Use like so:
#   sleep 10; alert
alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\''s/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//'\'')"'

# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
  fi
fi
alias tmux='tmux -u'