知识点
- Razor
- microkernel
- repository
- tags
- broker
- policy
- winPE
Razor安装
- Database安置
- Razor Server安置
- Razor Client安置
自动化部署centos7
- 安装配置dnsmasq DHCP/TFTP/iPXE
- 导入iPXE软件
- 通过microkernel注册裸机节点
- 创建镜像文件repository
- 创建节点tags
- 创建broker
- 创建policy
自动化部署win7（失败）
- 配置samba
- 通过microkernel注册裸机节点（方法同上）
- 创建镜像文件repository
- 创建win7PE（失败）
- 创建节点tags
- 创建broker
- 创建policy
知识点
- Razor
Razor is a provisioning application that deploys bare-metal systems. Policy-based provisioning lets you use characteristics of the hardware as well as user-provided data to make provisioning decisions. You can automatically discover bare-metal hardware, dynamically configure operating systems and hypervisors, and hand off nodes to Puppet for workload configuration.
Whenever a new node gets added, Razor discovers its characteristics by booting it with the Razor microkernel and inventorying its facts. The node is tagged based on its characteristics. Tags contain a match condition — a Boolean expression that has access to the node’s facts and determines whether the tag should be applied to the node or not. Node tags are compared to tags in the policy table. The first policy with tags that match the node’s tags is applied to the node.
microkernel
razor定制的小型linux，用于启动裸机节点并收集信息repository
用于存放系统安装文件的库-
可通过以下三种参数创建不同类型的库
url – Points to content available on another server, for example, on a mirror that you maintain. iso-url – Downloads and unpacks an ISO on the Razor server. no_content – Creates a stub directory on the Razor server that you can manually fill with content. 创建库的语法：
razor create-repo --name=--task --iso-url 获取帮助：
razor create-repo --helptags
由唯一的名称和匹配规则组成，用于归类满足匹配规则的裸机节点。将内存小于2G的节点归类为OldPC
razor create-tag --name OldPC --rule '["<", ["num", ["fact", "memorysize_mb"]], 2048]'大于4个cpu（以上规则还可以这样写）
[">", ["num", ["fact", "processorcount"]], 4]包含相关mac地址（也可以这样写）
["has_macaddress", "00:1a:4a:16:01:54", "00:1a:4a:16:01:55"]获取帮助
razor create-tag --helpbroker
-
默认三种类型
puppet-pe – Hands off node management to Puppet Enterprise. This broker specifies the address of the Puppet server, the Puppet Enterprise version, and for Windows, the location of the Windows agent installer. puppet – Hands off management to open source Puppet. This broker specifies the address of the Puppet server, the node certname, and the environment. noop – Doesn’t hand off management. A no-op broker can be useful for getting started quickly or doing a basic installation without configuration management. -
可以自行创建类型
参考：https://docs.puppet.com/pe/latest/razor_brokers.html- policy
告诉Razor该装什么系统（软件），哪里获取安装文件以及如何配置此系统。
- policy
创建方法
razor create-policy --name centos-for-OldPC --repo centos-6 --broker noop --tag OldPC --root-password secret --max-count 20winPE
Razor安装
Database安置
主机centos7对应库的postgresql版本太低，从postgresql官方站点安装最新版postgresql
yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/9.6/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm
查看相关postgresql包名称
yum list postgresql*
安装新版postgresql
yum install postgresql96-server
初始化postgresql-9.6
/usr/pgsql-9.6/bin/postgresql96-setup initdb
设置postgresql-9.6开机自启动
systemctl enable postgresql-9.6.service
启动postgresql-9.6服务
systemctl start postgresql-9.6.service
允许本地通过用户名密码连接postgresql数据库
vim /var/lib/pgsql/9.6/data/pg_hba.conf
local all all trust
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust
为razor服务器创建数据库razor_prd和用户razor
su - postgres
createuser -P razor #password:razor
createdb -O razor razor_prd
安装razor-server
将安装相关文件并创建用户razor来运行服务
yum install http://yum.puppetlabs.com/puppetlabs-release-el-7.noarch.rpm
yum install razor-server
配置razor连接到razor_prd数据库的参数
vim /etc/razor/config.yaml
production:
database_url: 'jdbc:postgresql:razor_prd?user=razor&password=razor'
将数据导入到数据库
razor-admin -e production migrate-database
启动razor-server服务
service razor-server start
验证服务是否已正常启动
wget http://localhost:8150/api
安装razor-client
yum install -y gem
gem install razor-client
razor -u http://razor:8150/api --help #验证是否正确安装
导入microkernel到razor库
cd /var/lib/razor/repo-store
wget https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/razor-releases/microkernel-007.tar
tar xvf /root/microkernel-007.tar
自动化部署centos7
安装配置dnsmasq DHCP/TFTP/iPXE
yum install -y dnsmasq
vim /etc/dnsmasq.conf
conf-dir=/etc/dnsmasq.d
listen-address=192.168.122.217,127.0.0.1
dhcp-range=192.168.122.50,192.168.122.55,12h
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot
chmod 655 /var/lib/tftpboot
vim /etc/dnsmasq.d/razor
# This works for dnsmasq 2.45
# iPXE sets option 175, mark it for network IPXEBOOT
dhcp-match=IPXEBOOT,175
dhcp-boot=net:IPXEBOOT,bootstrap.ipxe
dhcp-boot=undionly.kpxe
# TFTP setup
enable-tftp
tftp-root=/var/lib/tftpboot
导入iPXE软件
wget http://boot.ipxe.org/undionly.kpxe -O /var/lib/tftpboot/undionly.kpxe
wget http://razor:8150/api/microkernel/bootstrap?nic_max=1 -O /var/lib/tftpboot/bootstrap.ipxe
通过microkernel注册安装节点
将裸机节点以PXE启动
在Razor服务器上查看节点信息razor nodes
[root@razor repo-store]# razor nodes
From http://localhost:8150/api/collections/nodes:
+-------+-------------------+-------+------------------+----------------+
| name | dhcp_mac | tags | policy | metadata count |
+-------+-------------------+-------+------------------+----------------+
| node1 | 00:1a:4a:16:01:54 | small | centos-for-small | 0 |
+-------+-------------------+-------+------------------+----------------+
Query an entry by including its name, e.g. `razor nodes node1`
razor nodes
输出裸机的相关信息，后续可以参考这些项目来定义tags
[root@razor repo-store]# razor nodes node1 facts
From http://localhost:8150/api/collections/nodes/node1:
virtual: kvm
is_virtual: true
hardwareisa: x86_64
processors:
models: [Intel Celeron_4x0 (Conroe/Merom Class Core 2)]
count: 1
physicalcount: 1
system_uptime:
seconds: 4348
hours: 1
days: 0
uptime: 1:12 hours
dhcp_servers:
system: 192.168.122.217
eth0: 192.168.122.217
network_eth0: 192.168.122.0
network_lo: 127.0.0.0
macaddress: 00:1a:4a:16:01:54
architecture: x86_64
hardwaremodel: x86_64
os:
name: CentOS
family: RedHat
release:
major: 7
minor: 1
full: 7.1.1503
facterversion: 2.4.4
bios_vendor: SeaBIOS
bios_version: seabios-1.7.5-11.el7
bios_release_date: 04/01/2014
manufacturer: oVirt
productname: oVirt Node
serialnumber: 4C4C4544-004C-4710-8032-B3C04F373232
uuid: A4DBC573-34AE-4BD3-9626-739C68A0AD08
type: Other
physicalprocessorcount: 1
blockdevice_sr0_size: 1073741312
blockdevice_sr0_vendor: QEMU
blockdevice_sr0_model: QEMU DVD-ROM
blockdevices: sr0
processor0: Intel Celeron_4x0 (Conroe/Merom Class Core 2)
processorcount: 1
ipaddress: 192.168.122.54
rubyplatform: x86_64-linux
interfaces: eth0,lo
ipaddress_eth0: 192.168.122.54
macaddress_eth0: 00:1a:4a:16:01:54
netmask_eth0: 255.255.255.0
mtu_eth0: 1500
ipaddress_lo: 127.0.0.1
netmask_lo: 255.0.0.0
mtu_lo: 65536
gid: root
memorysize_mb: 991.59
memoryfree_mb: 903.64
uniqueid: 007f0100
netmask: 255.255.255.0
Query additional details via: `razor nodes node1 facts [dhcp_servers, os, processors, system_uptime]`
创建镜像文件repository
因为本地已有iso镜像文件，所以采用file协议传文件，但要注意razor用户是否有目录和文件的读权限。
razor create-repo --name centos-7.0 --task centos --iso-url file:///root/CentOS-7.0-1406-x86_64-Minimal.iso
可以通过命令 razor commands来查看以上操作的执行状态。
如果以上执行状态为fail，可以重建名为centos-7.0的库，并手动将iso文件挂载到razor的repository
razor create-repo --name centos-7.0 --no-content --task centos
cd /var/lib/razor/repo-store
mkdir centos-7.0
mount /root/CentOS-7.0-1406-x86_64-Minimal.iso centos-7.0
创建节点tags
通过tags可以将裸机归类，以便按不同机器类型来部署不同OS发行版
razor create-tag --name small --rule '["<",["num",["fact","memorysize_mb"]],2048]'
查看哪些机器被标记为small
razor tags small nodes
创建broker
因没有安装puppet,所有就将broker类型配置为noop
razor create-broker --name nobroker --broker-type noop
创建policy
razor create-policy --name centos-for-small --repo centos-7.0 --tag small --root-password centec --hostname 'node1_vm.ctcnet.com' --broker nobroker
再次pxe启动裸机节点，将自动部署centos-7.0-minimal系统
自动化部署win7(失败)
前提条件
要先准备安装win7的机器，在这台主机上制作包含razor脚本的winPE盘。同时服务器上要部署samba，以便winPE能访问win7系统安装文件。
安装配置samba
yum install samba -y
vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
security = user
# passdb backend = tdbsam
map to guest = bad user
[razor]
comment = Windows Installers
path = /var/lib/razor/repo-store
guest ok = yes
writable = no
browsable = yes
重启samba服务: systemctl restart smb
创建镜像文件repository
razor create-repo --name win7 --no-content --task win7
yum install http://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
yum install p7zip p7zip-plugins -y
cd /var/lib/razor/repo-store
mkdir win7&&cd win7
7z x /root/cn_windows_7_ultimate_with_sp1_x64_dvd_u_677408.iso
进入准备好的win7主机
安装ADK
https://download.microsoft.com/download/6/A/E/6AEA92B0-A412-4622-983E-5B305D2EBE56/adk/adksetup.exe
制作win7PE(失败)
从Razor服务器拷贝/opt/razor/build-winpe/下所有文件到win7中，使用命令调用powershell脚本来制作PE镜像（制作失败）