#步驟1 主备 hosts配置
[oracle@DB196 database]$ cat /etc/hosts
#add
192.168.1.196 DB196 DB196.COM
192.168.1.197 DB197 DB197.COM
[oracle@DB197 ~]$ cat /etc/hosts
#add
192.168.1.196 DB196 DB196.COM
192.168.1.197 DB197 DB197.COM
#步驟2 主備库启动FORCE LOGGING
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
YES
#步驟3 主備库启动归档模式
SQL> archive log list;
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> archive log list;
SQL> show parameter recovery
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 500G
recovery_parallelism integer 0
remote_recovery_file_dest string
#步驟4 添加standby logfile (主库和备库都添加standby log)
SQL> show con_name
CDB$ROOT
SQL> select group#, members, bytes from v$log;
GROUP# MEMBERS BYTES
---------- ---------- ----------
1 1 209715200
2 1 209715200
3 1 209715200
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo03.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo02.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo01.log
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo01.log' size 200M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo02.log' size 200M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo03.log' size 200M;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile '/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo04.log' size 200M;
SQL> select group#, members, bytes from v$log;
GROUP# MEMBERS BYTES
---------- ---------- ----------
1 1 209715200
2 1 209715200
3 1 209715200
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo03.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo02.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo01.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo01.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo02.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo03.log
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo04.log
7 rows selected.
SQL> col member format a50;
SQL> set linesize 100;
SQL> select member,group#,status from v$logfile;
MEMBER GROUP# STATUS
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------------------
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo03.log 3
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo02.log 2
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/redo01.log 1
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo01.log 4
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo02.log 5
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo03.log 6
/u02/oradata/MPCDB/stdredo04.log 7
7 rows selected
#步驟5 网络配置(主)
[oracle@DB196 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@DB196 admin]$
[oracle@DB196 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SDU=32767)
(SID_NAME = MPCDB)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = MPCDB196_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB196)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#步驟6 网络配置(备)
[oracle@12c ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SDU=32767)
(SID_NAME = MPCDB)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = MPCDB197_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB197)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
#步驟7 主機tns配置
[oracle@DB196 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
MPCDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB196)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = MPCDB)
)
)
LISTENER_MPCDB =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB196)(PORT = 1521))
PL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(SDU=32767)(SEND_BUF_SIZE=9375000)(RECV_BUF_SIZE=9375000)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB196)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = MPCDB)
)
)
SL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(SDU=32767)(SEND_BUF_SIZE=9375000)(RECV_BUF_SIZE=9375000)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB197)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = MPCDB)
)
)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#步驟8 備庫配置 tns
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
MPCDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB197)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = MPCDB)
)
)
LISTENER_MPCDB =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB197)(PORT = 1521))
PL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(SDU=32767)(SEND_BUF_SIZE=9375000)(RECV_BUF_SIZE=9375000)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB196)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = MPCDB)
)
)
SL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(SDU=32767)(SEND_BUF_SIZE=9375000)(RECV_BUF_SIZE=9375000)
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = DB197)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = MPCDB)
)
)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#步驟9 拷贝密码文件
[oracle@DB196 admin]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@DB196 dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs
[oracle@DB196 dbs]$ ls
hc_MPCDB.dat init.ora lkMPCDB orapwMPCDB snapcf_MPCDB.f spfileMPCDB.ora
[oracle@DB196 dbs]$
[oracle@DB196 dbs]$ scp orapwMPCDB [email protected]:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
#步驟1 0 Set ADG Parameter（主库配置）
##连接自身的tnsname里面的服务名
SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=10 scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set db_unique_name='MPCDB196' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set local_listener='PL' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set global_names=true scope=both;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RENAME GLOBAL_NAME TO MPCDB;
#db_file_name_convert ：主库数据文件路径，备库数据文件路径
SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/MPCDB/','/u02/oradata/MPCDB/' scope=spfile;
# log_file_name_convert：主库的日志文件路径，备库的日志文件路径
SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/MPCDB/','/u02/oradata/MPCDB/' scope=spfile;
#（配置tnsnames.ora网络服务名，fal_server拷贝丢失的归档文件到这里）
SQL> alter system set fal_client='PL' scope=spfile;
#（配置tnsnames.ora网络服务名，假如转换为备库角色时，从这里获取丢失的归档文件）
SQL> alter system set fal_server='SL' scope=spfile;
#启动db接受或发送redo data，包括所有库的db_unique_name
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config = 'DG_CONFIG=(MPCDB196,MPCDB197)' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=MPCDB196' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=SL LGWR SYNC AFFIRM valid_for=(all_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=MPCDB197' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='ARC_%t_%S_%r.arc' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set service_names='MPCDB' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_max_processes=4 scope=spfile;
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#步驟1 1 Set ADG Parameter（备库配置）
##连接自身的tnsname里面的服务名
SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=10 scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set db_unique_name='MPCDB197' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set global_names=true scope=both;
SQL> alter system set local_listener='SL' scope=spfile;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RENAME GLOBAL_NAME TO MPCDB;
#db_file_name_convert ：主库数据文件路径，备库数据文件路径
SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/MPCDB/','/u02/oradata/MPCDB/' scope=spfile;
# log_file_name_convert：主库的日志文件路径，备库的日志文件路径
SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/MPCDB/','/u02/oradata/MPCDB/' scope=spfile;
#（配置tnsnames.ora网络服务名，fal_server拷贝丢失的归档文件到这里）
SQL> alter system set fal_client='SL' scope=spfile;
#（配置tnsnames.ora网络服务名，假如转换为备库角色时，从这里获取丢失的归档文件）
SQL> alter system set fal_server='PL' scope=spfile;
#启动db接受或发送redo data，包括所有库的db_unique_name
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config = 'DG_CONFIG=(MPCDB197,MPCDB196)' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=MPCDB197' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=PL LGWR SYNC AFFIRM valid_for=(all_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=MPCDB196' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='ARC_%t_%S_%r.arc' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set service_names='MPCDB' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_max_processes=4 scope=spfile;
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#步驟1 2 重启主备DB及监听
#步驟1 3 主备测试连接(配置后重啟主備兩台機器的數據庫)
#主
[oracle@DB196 MPCDB]$ sqlplus sys/MPCDB@PL as sysdba
[oracle@DB196 MPCDB]$ sqlplus sys/MPCDB@SL as sysdba
#備
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ sqlplus sys/MPCDB@PL as sysdba
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ sqlplus sys/MPCDB@SL as sysdba
#步驟1 4 主庫開始首次備份 196
[oracle@DB196 MPCDB]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL>
SQL> startup mount;
SQL>
SQL> exit
[oracle@DB196 MPCDB]$
[oracle@DB196 MPCDB]$ rman target /
connected to target database: MPCDB (DBID=3274499937, not open)
RMAN>
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;
RMAN> delete expired archivelog all;
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> delete expired backup;
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database include current controlfile for standby plus archivelog;
RMAN> exit
[oracle@DB196 MPCDB]$ cd /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB196/backupset/
[oracle@DB196 backupset]$ ls
2018_09_21
[oracle@DB196 backupset]$ scp -r /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB196/backupset/2018_09_21/ [email protected]:/u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB197/backupset
scp: /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB197/backupset: No such file or directory
#步驟1 5 备库创建如上目录
#備機操作
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ mkdir /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB197
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ mkdir /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB197/backupset
#主库
[oracle@DB196 backupset]$ scp -r /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB196/backupset/2018_09_21/ [email protected]:/u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB197/backupset
[oracle@DB196 backupset]$
#備機操作
[oracle@DB197 admin]$ cd /u03/fast_recovery_area/MPCDB/MPCDB197/backupset
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$ ls
2018_09_21
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup nomount;
SQL> exit
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$ rman target sys/MPCDB@PL auxiliary sys/MPCDB@SL
connected to target database: MPCDB (DBID=3274499937, not open)
connected to auxiliary database: MPCDB (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
Starting Duplicate Db at 2018:09:2119:27:51
...
Finished Duplicate Db at 2018:09:2119:28:27
RMAN> exit
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> col member format a30;
SQL> set linesize 300;
SQL> select database_role,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
SQL> select sequence# ,applied from v$archived_log;
no rows selected
#步驟1 6 开始应用日志
#主库操作
[oracle@DB196 backupset]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> alter system archive log current;
SQL> archive log list;
SQL>
#备库操作
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
SQL> set pagesize 100
SQL> select sequence# ,applied from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------------------------
11 YES
12 YES
13 YES
14 IN-MEMORY
#步驟1 7 测试
主库创建表后，到备库检查 一致则完成
#步驟1 8 備庫 Open Read Only standby数据库并且开启实时日志应用
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> exit
[oracle@DB197 backupset]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> select database_role,protection_mode,open_mode from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE OPEN_MODE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE READ ONLY
#如 OPEN_MODE= READ ONLY WITH APPLY 則已經開始實時應用日誌
SQL> recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
SQL> select database_role,protection_mode,open_mode from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE OPEN_MODE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE READ ONLY WITH APPLY
#如 OPEN_MODE= READ ONLY WITH APPLY 則已經開始實時應用日誌
SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;
CON_ID DBID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 319070549 PDB$SEED READ ONLY
#如 存在 OPEN_MODE= MOUNTED 則 alter pluggable database PDBnnn open;
至此 已完成ORACLE 12C DG的 创建
#步驟1 9 附加說明
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT = '主库数据文件位置','备库数据文件位置' 物理、快照备库
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = Unique name for the database 主库 物理、逻辑、快照备库
FAL_CLIENT = Oracle_Net_service_name 物理、快照备库 11g之后被弃用
FAL_SERVER = Oracle_Net_service_name 物理、快照备库 （如果主库发送日志缺失）备库自动裂痕检测发现之后会从该配置的server中获取
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG ='DG_CONFIG ( db_unique_name, db_unique_name, ... )' 主库 物理、逻辑、快照备库 data guaid 建议
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n = {LOCATION=path_name | SERVICE=service_name, attribute, attribute, ...} 主库 物理、逻辑、快照备库
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n = {ENABLE|DEFER|ALTERNATE} 主库 物理、逻辑、快照备库
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%d_%t_%s_%r.arc 主库 物理、逻辑、快照备库
LOG_ARCHIVE_LOCAL_FIRST = {TRUE | FALSE} 主库 快照备库 建议设置成true
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES =integer 主库 物理、逻辑、快照备库 1-30 默认4
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT = '主库日志文件位置','备库日志文件位置' 物理、逻辑、快照备库
STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST = filespec 物理、逻辑、快照备库 11g之后已经被弃用
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT = {AUTO | MANUAL} 主库 逻辑、快照备库 建议设置成auto
============================================================
#創建測試自動插入job
主庫system登錄
begin
dbms_network_acl_admin.create_acl
(
acl => 'utl_http.xml', -- 文件名称
description => 'HTTP Access', -- 描述
principal => 'SYSTEM', -- 授权或者取消授权账号，大小写敏感
is_grant => TRUE, -- 授权还是取消授权
privilege => 'connect', -- 授权或者取消授权的权限列表
start_date => null, -- 起始日期
end_date => null -- 结束日期
);
end;
begin
dbms_network_acl_admin.add_privilege ( -- 添加访问权限列表项
acl => 'utl_http.xml', -- 刚才创建的acl名称
principal => 'SYSTEM', -- 授权或取消授权用户
is_grant => TRUE, -- 与上同
privilege => 'resolve', -- 权限列表
start_date => null,
end_date => null
);
end;
begin
dbms_network_acl_admin.assign_acl(acl => 'utl_http.xml', host =>'*');
end;
create table test_c
as
select utl_inaddr.get_host_address as host_address
,utl_inaddr.get_host_name || '-' || sys_context('USERENV','CON_NAME') as get_host_name
,sysdate as create_time
from dual;
create or replace procedure pr_test_c as
begin
delete from test_c a where a.create_time insert into test_c select utl_inaddr.get_host_address,utl_inaddr.get_host_name || '-' || sys_context('USERENV','CON_NAME'),sysdate from dual; commit; end; Declare job1 Number; Begin dbms_job.submit(job1,'pr_test_c;',Sysdate,'sysdate + (1/(24*60))'); Commit; End; CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW V_XAG_JOB1 AS SELECT job,to_char(LAST_DATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as last_date ,to_char(next_date,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as next_date,to_char(total_time,9999999999) as total_time ,to_char(case when failures is null then 0 else failures end,9999999999) as failures ,broken,what,interval FROM user_jobs order by job; CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW V_XAG_JOB AS SELECT JOB_NAME,JOB_ACTION job,to_char(START_DATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as START_DATE ,REPEAT_INTERVAL,ENABLED,to_char(LAST_START_DATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as LAST_START_DATE ,to_char(NEXT_RUN_DATE,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as NEXT_RUN_DATE ,COMMENTS FROM user_scheduler_jobs order by JOB_NAME; select * from test_c select * from V_XAG_JOB1 #DB启动时 open all pdb --conn / as sysdba CREATE TRIGGER open_all_pdbs AFTER STARTUP ON DATABASE BEGIN EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter pluggable database all open'; END open_all_pdbs;