这里主要介绍使用Docker方式部署NextCloud的过程。
安装启动
$docker pull nextcloud
$docker pull mysql
$mkdir /home/nextcloud
way1: basic docker
$docker run --name mysql -v ?:? -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=12345678 -p 33306:3306 -d mysql
$docker exec -it mysql mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE nextcloud;
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
flush privileges;
exit;
$docker run --name nextcloud --link mysql:nextcloud_db -p 80:80 -v /home/nextcloud:/var/www/html/ -d nextcloud
way2: docker-compose
#mkdir -p /home/nextcloud/mysql
#mkdir -p /home/nextcloud/www/html
#chown -R www-data:root /home/nextcloud
$docker network create nextcloud_net
$cat docker-compose.yml
version: '2'
services:
db:
container_name: mysql_db
image: mysql
volumes:
- "/home/nextcloud/mysql:/var/lib/mysql"
restart: always
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 12345678
MYSQL_DATABASE: nextcloud
app:
container_name: nextcloud_app
depends_on:
- db
image: nextcloud
volumes:
- "/home/nextcloud/www/html:/var/www/html"
- "/home/share:/home/share"
links:
- db
ports:
- 80:80
restart: always
networks:
default:
external:
name: nextcloud_net
$docker-compose up -d
数据库初始信息
容器内
在 mysql_db 启动后，立即检查初始数据库信息如下：
# mysql --user=root --password=12345678
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| NULL |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| nextcloud |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use nextcloud
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
宿主机
szscm@vmcnszs207:/home/nextcloud/mysql$ ls
auto.cnf ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' ib_logfile0 mysql private_key.pem sys
binlog.000001 ca.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' ib_logfile1 mysql.ibd public_key.pem undo_001
binlog.000002 client-cert.pem ib_buffer_pool ibtmp1 nextcloud server-cert.pem undo_002
binlog.index client-key.pem ibdata1 '#innodb_temp' performance_schema server-key.pem
杂乱
version: '2'
services:
db:
container_name: cloud_db
image: mysql:5.7
volumes:
- "/home/mysql:/var/lib/mysql"
restart: always
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: mysql_root_pwd #mysql root用户密码，nextcloud后续初始化需要使用。
MYSQL_DATABASE: nextcloud #专为nextcloud新建的数据库，nextcloud后续初始化需要使用。
app:
container_name: cloud_app
depends_on:
- db
image: nextcloud
volumes:
- /home/nextcloud:/var/www/html
links:
- db
ports:
- "80:80" # 前一个80是宿主机也就是阿里云主机对外的端口号，需注意阿里云主机安全组规则是否开放了这个端口。
restart: always
cron:
container_name: cloud_cron
image: nextcloud
links:
- db
volumes_from:
- app
user: www-data
entrypoint: |
bash -c 'bash -s <关于容器更多使用，需要参考： https://hub.docker.com/_/nextcloud/
因为计划使用数据库，需要借助：–link db_nextcloud:db_nextcloud是因为要链接数据库的docker。
- https://www.jianshu.com/p/f1eb37d0e97d: doker compose 启动nextcloud
- https://www.cnblogs.com/steinven/p/11357295.html: docker手动启动nextcloud
配置
数据库配置
初始化配置
首次打开网页： 172.16.246.207 进入NextCloud初始页面。
- 设置NEXTCLOUD管理员账户密码
- 数据目录选择：
/var/www/html/data - 选择MySQL数据库
- 输入MySQL的root账户密码:root/12345678
- 选择MySQL数据库
- 选择MySQL主机
如下：
最后点击完成。
初始化配置后的数据库信息
这里只在 mysql_db 容器内查看相关内容即可。如下
root@3159365f7181:/# mysql --user=root --password=12345678
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 60
Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| NULL |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| nextcloud |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use nextcloud
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------------------+
| Tables_in_nextcloud |
+-----------------------------+
| oc_accounts |
| oc_activity |
| oc_activity_mq |
| oc_addressbookchanges |
| oc_addressbooks |
| oc_appconfig |
| oc_authtoken |
| oc_bruteforce_attempts |
| oc_calendar_invitations |
| oc_calendar_reminders |
| oc_calendar_resources |
| oc_calendar_resources_md |
| oc_calendar_rooms |
| oc_calendar_rooms_md |
| oc_calendarchanges |
| oc_calendarobjects |
| oc_calendarobjects_props |
| oc_calendars |
| oc_calendarsubscriptions |
| oc_cards |
| oc_cards_properties |
| oc_collres_accesscache |
| oc_collres_collections |
| oc_collres_resources |
| oc_comments |
| oc_comments_read_markers |
| oc_credentials |
| oc_dav_cal_proxy |
| oc_dav_shares |
| oc_direct_edit |
| oc_directlink |
| oc_federated_reshares |
| oc_file_locks |
| oc_filecache |
| oc_filecache_extended |
| oc_files_trash |
| oc_flow_checks |
| oc_flow_operations |
| oc_flow_operations_scope |
| oc_group_admin |
| oc_group_user |
| oc_groups |
| oc_jobs |
| oc_login_flow_v2 |
| oc_migrations |
| oc_mimetypes |
| oc_mounts |
| oc_notifications |
| oc_notifications_pushtokens |
| oc_oauth2_access_tokens |
| oc_oauth2_clients |
| oc_preferences |
| oc_privacy_admins |
| oc_properties |
| oc_recent_contact |
| oc_schedulingobjects |
| oc_share |
| oc_share_external |
| oc_storages |
| oc_systemtag |
| oc_systemtag_group |
| oc_systemtag_object_mapping |
| oc_text_documents |
| oc_text_sessions |
| oc_text_steps |
| oc_trusted_servers |
| oc_twofactor_backupcodes |
| oc_twofactor_providers |
| oc_user_transfer_owner |
| oc_users |
| oc_vcategory |
| oc_vcategory_to_object |
| oc_webauthn |
| oc_whats_new |
+-----------------------------+
74 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> select * from oc_users;
+-------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| uid | displayname | password | uid_lower |
+-------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| szscm | NULL | 3|$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=4,p=1$Z1pnTGovd0ZDT1g0LmpqbQ$nDjmkB85OP6Lm8DDImFh/60QxHDU0D21HIiErTuNNcA | szscm |
+-------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_accounts;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_group_admin;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_group_user;
+-------+-------+
| gid | uid |
+-------+-------+
| admin | szscm |
+-------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_groups;
+-------+-------------+
| gid | displayname |
+-------+-------------+
| admin | admin |
+-------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_credentials;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_user_transfer_owner;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
可见，建立了很多表。
用户管理
方法一：图形界面
在浏览器登入NextCloud的管理员用户后，新建 test 用户, 分组为 szic 。
过程如下：
添加szic群组
选择 配置->添加分组, 输入 szic
如下：
添加test用户
选择 配置->新建用户, 输入 test 以及相关信息。这里密码设置是： 123456 。
如下：
注意： 由于默认要求必须用8位高强度密码，如果想要去掉这个限制，需要在页面中找到 设置->管理->安全 进行密码规则设定：
方法二：命令行方式
登陆nextcloud的容器
$docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2de00e21130c nextcloud "/entrypoint.sh apac…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nextcloud_app
3159365f7181 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 3 days ago Up 3 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql_db
$docker exec -it -u www-data nextcloud_app /bin/bash
www-data@2de00e21130c:~/html$export OC_PASS="123456"
www-data@2de00e21130c:~/html$php /var/www/html/occ user:add --password-from-env --display-name="test" --group="szic" "test"
这样便建立默认密码为 123456 用户组为 szic 的用户 test, 如果不用 --password-from-env 则需手动输入密码。
查看数据库
添加完用户后，相关的数据库信息
root@3159365f7181:/# mysql --user=root --password=12345678
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 120
Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use nextcloud
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select * from oc_users;
+-------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| uid | displayname | password | uid_lower |
+-------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| szscm | NULL | 3|$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=4,p=1$Z1pnTGovd0ZDT1g0LmpqbQ$nDjmkB85OP6Lm8DDImFh/60QxHDU0D21HIiErTuNNcA | szscm |
| test | NULL | 3|$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=4,p=1$V09Jc2IwMzZqdjVMSDNVVw$ff+VwF+3Mrj4KeOIU6GdbAyAuQCubTYbI4qu5HHIcUY | test |
+-------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_accounts;
+-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| uid | data
|
+-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| szscm | {"displayname":{"value":"szscm","scope":"contacts","verified":"0"},"address":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"},"website":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"},"email":{"value":null,"scope":"contacts","verified":"0"},"avatar":{"scope":"contacts"},"phone":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"},"twitter":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"}} |
| test | {"displayname":{"value":"test","scope":"contacts","verified":"0"},"address":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"},"website":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"},"email":{"value":null,"scope":"contacts","verified":"0"},"avatar":{"scope":"contacts"},"phone":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"},"twitter":{"value":"","scope":"private","verified":"0"}} |
+-------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_group_admin;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_group_user;
+-------+-------+
| gid | uid |
+-------+-------+
| admin | szscm |
| szic | test |
+-------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_groups;
+-------+-------------+
| gid | displayname |
+-------+-------------+
| admin | admin |
| szic | szic |
+-------+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_credentials;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from oc_user_transfer_owner;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
默认文件
某个用户登陆NextCloud后会看到默认的文件。
这些默认文件的存放在： /home/nextcloud/www/html/core/skeleton, 如果修改这里的内容，那么新用户登陆看到的默认文件也随之变化。但是，当Nextcloud升级时，这个 core/skeleton 就会被替换，你所做的修改也就不存在了。
如果自定义配置：
config/config.php,
自定义默认文件添加如下：
'skeletondirectory' => 'core/custom_skeleton',
这样，Nextcloud在安装或创建新用户时就会从core/custom_skeleton复制文件，当Nextcloud更新时，这个目录也不会被替换以至于丢失自定义的默认文件。
'skeletondirectory' => '',
这样Nextcloud就不会去复制任何文件，这样用户的文件夹默认就是空的。
使用
客户端下载: https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients
问题
主机与NextCloud数据同步
NEXTCLOUD数据存于磁盘，但是网页上只能看到nextcloud中上传的文件，看不到手动传输到对应数据目录的文件。
默认数据存放位置：
与主机共享数据的方案
方案1、webdav挂载
1、安装 davfs2
2、输入命令进行挂载
mount -t davfs http://webdav地址 /挂载路径
3、根据提示输入用户名及密码
方案2、扫描文件同步
# nextcloud={nextcloud安装目录}
# cd $nextcloud
# su -s /bin/bash -c “/usr/bin/php $nextcloud/occ file:scan” apache
期间的问题
实时同步
结合 inotify，使用举例：
#!/bin/bash
#inotifywait -mr --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w %f' -e create,attrib,move,delete,modify,close_write ./notify_check | \
lastpath=""
inotifywait -mr --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w %f' -e create,modify,delete,move ./notify_check | \
while read d t p f; do
echo "time is:$d$t"
echo "file path is: $p$f"
#Don't process with action if event happens in same filepath
if [ "x$lastpath" != "x$p$f" ]
then
echo "Action path:$p$f!"
lastpath=$p$f
fi
done
其中检测到文件变化的动作，改成 occ file:scan 即可（有待实践）。
文件夹部署
默认nextcloud中上传的数据存储路径是： /var/www/html/data/ , 如果没有上传过数据，就没有 files 文件夹。
所以部署上我们可以这样：
$mkdir -p /home/share/nextcloud_files
$ln -s /var/www/html/data//files /home/share/nextcloud_files/
但是问题是nextcloud的数据目录： /var/www/html/data 有权限的控制，导致其它人（除了 root 与 www-data ）无法访问， 进而创建的软连接也无法进行了。目前只能手动用 chmod 方式修改，过一段时间或重启后自动恢复成不可访问了。
其它
一些计划
一些参考
数据迁移：https://help.nextcloud.com/t/tutorial-how-to-migrate-mass-data-to-a-new-nextcloud-server/9418/20
参考： https://www.cnblogs.com/zhouzhifei/p/11548503.html
来源：https://wzfou.com/question/9883/
baoang54 2018年11月23日 0 个评论
站长推荐过这个私有云工具，在ownCloud 和它之间我选了后者，安装什么的照站长的说明顺利完成倒不难，但一段时间用下来有个问题。
有些东西我可以从网上下载，一般是用wget ，那我就找到它的数据目录，比如Nextcloud /data /user ，大概是这个，然后运行wget 就下到这里。我的想法是如此操作后，通过网页登陆或手机客户端登录后能在网盘里看到这个文件，可是试过之后发现网盘或网页登录后没有这个下载的文件。
想问站长，理论上我的想法应当是对的，但为什么显示不出来呢？是否Nextcloud 还需要进行其他的配置？
Avatar for 逗妇乳
逗妇乳14 回答于2018年11月28日 1 评论
nextcloud 列出文件都是查询数据库记录的，你手动添加的文件是没有记录信息的，需要手动扫描
# nextcloud={nextcloud安装目录}
# cd $nextcloud
# su -s /bin/bash -c “/usr/bin/php $nextcloud/occ file:scan” apache
baoang 评论于 2018年11月28日
Avatar for 逗妇乳
baoang 评论于 2018年11月28日
哦，原来是这样。 看了下官方论坛的文档： https://help.nextcloud.com/t/tutorial-how-to-migrate-mass-data-to-a-new-nextcloud-server/ 结果想到那个关键的php——我编译LEMP的时候用了个参数： –disable-cli 这下使不上劲了
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/gaosf/p/11690601.html
创建 nextcloud 所需的数据库和账户
打开数据库管理命令行,默认root没密码，回车进入
sudo mysql -u root -p
创建 nextcloud 数据库,命令包含后面的分号
CREATE DATABASE nextcloud;
//创建用户nextclouduser，password可自定义
create user nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextpassword';
//用以下命令授予必要的权限为数据库和用户授权
grant all privileges on nextcloud.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by 'nextpassword';
//用命令更新数据库配置:
flush privileges;
注意操作时，指令后需加‘；’使执行
来源：https://blog.xiaolee.net/zt/679.html
1、安装 davfs2
2、输入命令进行挂载
mount -t davfs http://webdav地址 /挂载路径
3、根据提示输入用户名及密码