Opencv检测交通中红色标识轮廓c++代码实例及运行结果

环境vs2013+opencv2.4.9

c++代码

#include
#include
#define PI 3.1415926

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

void RGB2HSV(double red, double green, double blue, double& hue, double& saturation, double& intensity)
{

	double r, g, b;
	double h, s, i;

	double sum;
	double minRGB, maxRGB;
	double theta;

	r = red / 255.0;
	g = green / 255.0;
	b = blue / 255.0;

	minRGB = ((rg) ? (r) : (g));
	maxRGB = (maxRGB>b) ? (maxRGB) : (b);

	sum = r + g + b;
	i = sum / 3.0;

	if (i<0.001 || maxRGB - minRGB<0.001)
	{
		h = 0.0;
		s = 0.0;
	}
	else
	{
		s = 1.0 - 3.0*minRGB / sum;
		theta = sqrt((r - g)*(r - g) + (r - b)*(g - b));
		theta = acos((r - g + r - b)*0.5 / theta);
		if (b <= g)
			h = theta;
		else
			h = 2 * PI - theta;
		if (s <= 0.01)
			h = 0;
	}

	hue = (int)(h * 180 / PI);
	saturation = (int)(s * 100);
	intensity = (int)(i * 100);
}

void fillHole(const Mat srcBw, Mat &dstBw)
{
	Size m_Size = srcBw.size();
	Mat Temp = Mat::zeros(m_Size.height + 2, m_Size.width + 2, srcBw.type());//延展图像
	srcBw.copyTo(Temp(Range(1, m_Size.height + 1), Range(1, m_Size.width + 1)));

	cv::floodFill(Temp, Point(0, 0), Scalar(255));//填充区域

	Mat cutImg;//裁剪延展的图像
	Temp(Range(1, m_Size.height + 1), Range(1, m_Size.width + 1)).copyTo(cutImg);

	dstBw = srcBw | (~cutImg);
}

int main()
{
	Mat srcImg;
	srcImg = imread("1.jpg");//读取文件
	resize(srcImg,srcImg,Size(200,200));//重定义图片大小
	imshow("srcImg", srcImg);
	int width = srcImg.cols;
	int height = srcImg.rows;
	/*
	vector hsv_vec;
	Mat H, S, V;
	cvtColor(srcImg, hsvImg, CV_BGR2HSV);
	split(hsvImg, hsv_vec);
	H = hsv_vec[0];
	S = hsv_vec[1];
	V = hsv_vec[2];
	H.convertTo(H, CV_32F);
	S.convertTo(S, CV_32F);
	V.convertTo(V, CV_32F);
	if ((H >= 337 && H <= 360 || H >= 0 && H <= 10))
	*/
	int x, y;
	double B = 0.0, G = 0.0, R = 0.0, H = 0.0, S = 0.0, V = 0.0;
	Mat vec_rgb = Mat::zeros(srcImg.size(), CV_8UC1);
	for (x = 0; x < height; x++)
	{
		for (y = 0; y < width; y++)
		{
			B = srcImg.at(x, y)[0];
			G = srcImg.at(x, y)[1];
			R = srcImg.at(x, y)[2];
			RGB2HSV(R, G, B, H, S, V);
			//红色范围，范围参考的网上。可以自己调
			if ((H >= 312 && H <= 360 || H >= 0 && H <= 20) && (S >= 17 && S <= 100) && (V>18 && V < 100))
				vec_rgb.at(x, y) = 255;
		}
	}
	imshow("hsv", vec_rgb);
	medianBlur(vec_rgb, vec_rgb, 3);//中值滤波
	imshow("medianBlur", vec_rgb);
	Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_ELLIPSE,Size(2*1+1,2*1+1),Point(1,1));
	Mat element1 = getStructuringElement(MORPH_ELLIPSE, Size(2 * 3 + 1, 2 * 3 + 1), Point(3, 3));
	erode(vec_rgb, vec_rgb, element);//腐蚀
	imshow("erode", vec_rgb);
	dilate(vec_rgb, vec_rgb, element1);//膨胀
	imshow("dilate", vec_rgb);
	fillHole(vec_rgb, vec_rgb);//填充
	imshow("fillHole", vec_rgb);
	//cvtColor(srcImg, grayImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);	
	vector>contours; //轮廓
	vector hierarchy;//分层
	findContours(vec_rgb, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));//寻找轮廓
	vector> contours_poly(contours.size());  //近似后的轮廓点集
	vector boundRect(contours.size());  //包围点集的最小矩形vector
	vector center(contours.size());  //包围点集的最小圆形vector
	vector radius(contours.size());  //包围点集的最小圆形半径vector
	for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++)
	{
		approxPolyDP(Mat(contours[i]), contours_poly[i], 3, true); //对多边形曲线做适当近似，contours_poly[i]是输出的近似点集
		boundRect[i] = boundingRect(Mat(contours_poly[i])); //计算并返回包围轮廓点集的最小矩形
		minEnclosingCircle(contours_poly[i], center[i], radius[i]);//计算并返回包围轮廓点集的最小圆形及其半径
	}

	Mat drawing = Mat::zeros(vec_rgb.size(), CV_8UC3);
	for (int i = 0; i< contours.size(); i++)
	{
		Scalar color = (0, 0, 255);//蓝色线画轮廓
		drawContours(drawing, contours_poly, i, color, 1, 8, hierarchy, 0, Point());//根据轮廓点集contours_poly和轮廓结构hierarchy画出轮廓
		rectangle(drawing, boundRect[i].tl(), boundRect[i].br(), color, 2, 8, 0);//画矩形，tl矩形左上角，br右上角
		circle(drawing, center[i], (int)radius[i], color, 2, 8, 0);                                        //画圆形
	}
	/// 显示在一个窗口
	namedWindow("Contours", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Contours", drawing);
	
	//system("pause");
	waitKey();
	return 0;
}

运行结果