通过100个单词掌握英语语法(五)any

[限定词和代词]表示不确定的数量:Have you got any change? Any fool knows
that. I don't like any of these shoes.
[副词]达到某种程度或范围：None of us are getting any younger.

语法结构
1  any | + 复数名词或不可数名词 | + ?
Is there any milk?
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
询问不太精确的数量。

2 not| + any | +复数名词或不可数名词
She hasn't got any experience.~ None at all?
There weren't any cucumbers in the market. Not a single one.
用以说明某种东西一个都不存在

3 if | + any | 复数名词或不可数名词
If you have any questions,you can ask them at the end.
I'd be surprised if she has any savings.
用于谈论一个假设的不太精确的数量

4 any | + 名词短语
Use any towel - take your pick
Any green vegetables can be stir-fried.
意指一类当中的一个,是哪一个并不重要

5 any | + of | + 名词短语
Have you read any of her books?
I don't like any of his music.
Do any of you speak German?
用以指一个或几个人或事物，或指某物的一部分

6 (not) | + any | + 比较级
The two-star hotel wasn't any cheaper than the three-star one.
Do you feel any better?
强调比较

搭配
any 用在"非肯定式"语境中,如否定陈述句、疑问句和if分句;可以和表示否定意思的
副词连用,如never,hardly,seldom,rarely;也可以和表示否定意思的动词连用，如
refuse,doubt;还可以接在without之后

They never have any nice things in this shop.
There's seldom any traffic here,except in the weekends.
I doubt that there will be any papers left.
She left for the shops without any money.

固定短语

   not any good/use  没用的
   It isn't any use complaining:they won't listen.
   A big car isn't any good in the city.
   说明某物是不好的、没用的或无效的
  
   in any case/in any event = whatever the situation is,or may be 无论情况如何，或许
   We may be late,but,in any case, they never start on time.
   Mrs Thomas hasn't arrived yet.In any event,she has our phone number.
  
   'at any rate' 无论如何,不管怎样
   The bus is packed!~Well,we won't be lonely,at any rate.
   说明关于某个情形至少有一件事是真的或令人满意的
  
   by any chance也许
   Are you and Julie related,by any chance?
   弄清某事是否是真的
  
   any longer