Spring ComponentScan的扫描过程解析

目录

• XML中的扫描过程
• ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()
• ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser#configureScanner
• ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner构造方法中会注入默认的Filter。
• ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan
• ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider#scanCandidateComponents
• registerAnnotationConfigProcessors
• 注解的扫描过程
• ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry
• ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#processConfigBeanDefinitions
• ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass
• ComponentScanAnnotationParser#parse
• 总结

XML中的扫描过程

xml中使用自定义标签context实现，最终会调用到ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()方法进行解析。

ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse()

// org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser#parse
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
	// 获得base-package指定的包名
	String basePackage = element.getAttribute(BASE_PACKAGE_ATTRIBUTE);
	basePackage = parserContext.getReaderContext().getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(basePackage);
	// base-package中可能有多个，用逗号分隔，转换为数组
	String[] basePackages = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(basePackage,
			ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);

	// Actually scan for bean definitions and register them.
	// 创建扫描器
	ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = configureScanner(parserContext, element);
	// 开始扫描
	Set beanDefinitions = scanner.doScan(basePackages);

	// 注册了一些组件
	// ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
	// AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
	// CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
	// EventListenerMethodProcessor
	// DefaultEventListenerFactory
	registerComponents(parserContext.getReaderContext(), beanDefinitions, element);

	return null;
}

ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser#configureScanner

创建扫描器ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner

protected ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner configureScanner(ParserContext parserContext, Element element) {
    boolean useDefaultFilters = true;
    if (element.hasAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        useDefaultFilters = Boolean.parseBoolean(element.getAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE));
    }

    // Delegate bean definition registration to scanner class.
    // ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner构造方法中添加了默认的includeFilters为@Component
    ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = createScanner(parserContext.getReaderContext(), useDefaultFilters);
    scanner.setBeanDefinitionDefaults(parserContext.getDelegate().getBeanDefinitionDefaults());
    scanner.setAutowireCandidatePatterns(parserContext.getDelegate().getAutowireCandidatePatterns());

    if (element.hasAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        scanner.setResourcePattern(element.getAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE));
    }

    try {
        parseBeanNameGenerator(element, scanner);
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
        parserContext.getReaderContext().error(ex.getMessage(), parserContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
    }

    try {
        parseScope(element, scanner);
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
        parserContext.getReaderContext().error(ex.getMessage(), parserContext.extractSource(element), ex.getCause());
    }

    parseTypeFilters(element, scanner, parserContext);

    return scanner;
}

怎么知道扫描哪些注解呢？

ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner构造方法中会注入默认的Filter。

protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
    // 只扫描@Component注解了的类，而@Sevice、@Configuration、@Controller等注解都被@Component修饰
    this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
    ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
    try {
        this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
                ((Class) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
        logger.trace("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
        // JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
    }
    try {
        this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
                ((Class) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
        logger.trace("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
        // JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
    }
}

在源码中只会扫描@Component注解，而@Sevice、@Configuration、@Controller等注解都被@Component修饰，最终都会被扫描到。

ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan

开始扫描：

// org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan
protected Set doScan(String... basePackages) {
	Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
	Set beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
		// 查找basePackage下所有被@Component注解修饰了的类
		Set candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
		for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
			// 上面findCandidateComponents只是为BD设置了几个属性，BD的其他属性并没有初始化，所以需要遍历一次初始化属性并注册到registry
			ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
			candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
			String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
			if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
				postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
			}
			if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
				AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
			}
			if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
				BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
				definitionHolder =
						AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
				beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
				// 注册到registry
				registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
			}
		}
	}
	return beanDefinitions;
}

ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider#scanCandidateComponents

查找basePackage下所有被@Component注解修饰了的类：

// org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider#scanCandidateComponents
private Set scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
	Set candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	try {
		// basePackage=com.morris.spring..service
		// packageSearchPath=classpath*:com/morris/spring/service/**/*.class
		String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
			resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;
		// 获取basePackage下所有的class文件
		Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);
		boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
		boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
		for (Resource resource : resources) {
			if (traceEnabled) {
				logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);
			}
			if (resource.isReadable()) {
				try {
					// 使用ASM将class文件的内容封装为MetadataReader对象
					// 注意这里用的不是反射，反射会加载类，占用堆空间
					MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);
					// 判断类是否包含@Component注解
					if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
						// 封装为BD
						ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
						sbd.setSource(resource);
						if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
							if (debugEnabled) {
								logger.debug("Identified candidate component class: " + resource);
							}
							candidates.add(sbd);
						}
... ...
	return candidates;
}

registerAnnotationConfigProcessors

注册了多种重要的组件：

public static Set registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
		BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {

	DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
	if (beanFactory != null) {
		if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
			beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
		}
		if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
			beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
		}
	}

	Set beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<>(8);

	// BeanFactoryPostProcessor
	if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
		RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
		def.setSource(source);
		beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
	}

	// BeanPostProcessor
	if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
		RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
		def.setSource(source);
		beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
	}

	// Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
	if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
		RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
		def.setSource(source);
		beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
	}

	// Check for JPA support, and if present add the PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
	if (jpaPresent && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
		RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
		try {
			def.setBeanClass(ClassUtils.forName(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME,
					AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader()));
		}
		catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(
					"Cannot load optional framework class: " + PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME, ex);
		}
		def.setSource(source);
		beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
	}

	// BeanFactoryPostProcessor
	if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
		RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(EventListenerMethodProcessor.class);
		def.setSource(source);
		beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
	}

	if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)) {
		RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultEventListenerFactory.class);
		def.setSource(source);
		beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME));
	}

	return beanDefs;
}

扫描的最终结果就是将类上面有@Component注解的类构建为一个BeanDefinition中，Spring容器中有两个集合来存放这些BeanDefinition：

• beanDefinitionNames：List，存放所有的BeanDefinition对应的name
• beanDefinitionMap：Map，存放所有的BeanDefinition

注解的扫描过程

注解扫描的使用：

package com.morris.spring.demo.annotation;

import com.morris.spring.demo.service.CityService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan("com.morris.spring.service")
public class ComponentScanDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ComponentScanDemo.class);
		CityService cityService = applicationContext.getBean(CityService.class);
		cityService.city();
	}
}

使用@ComponentScan注解指定包的扫描，扫描过程将由ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry完成。

ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry

public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
	int registryId = System.identityHashCode(registry);
	if (this.registriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
		throw new IllegalStateException(
				"postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
	}
	if (this.factoriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
		throw new IllegalStateException(
				"postProcessBeanFactory already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
	}
	this.registriesPostProcessed.add(registryId);
	// 重点
	processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);
}

ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#processConfigBeanDefinitions

public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
	List configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
	String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
	// 先收集有@Configuration、@Component、@ComponentScan、@Import、@ImportResource、@Bean的BD
	for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
		BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
		if (beanDef.getAttribute(ConfigurationClassUtils.CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beanDef);
			}
		}
		else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
			// 进来需要@Component、@ComponentScan、@Import、@ImportResource、@Bean
			configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
		}
	}
    ... ...
	// Parse each @Configuration class
	ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
			this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
			this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);
	Set candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
	Set alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());
	do {
		// 开始解析
		parser.parse(candidates);
		parser.validate();

ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass

protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(
		ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass, Predicate filter)
		throws IOException {
	... ...
	// Process any @ComponentScan annotations
	// 处理@ComponentScan注解，扫描包下带有@Component的注解，与xml中自定义标签context:component-scan的扫描流程一致
	Set componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
			sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);
	if (!componentScans.isEmpty() &&
			!this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
		for (AnnotationAttributes componentScan : componentScans) {
			// The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
			Set scannedBeanDefinitions =
					this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
			// Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if needed
			for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
				BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
				if (bdCand == null) {
					bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();
				}
				// checkConfigurationClassCandidate这个里面会特殊处理@Configutation为full
				if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
					parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
				}
			}
		}
	}
	... ...
	return null;
}

ComponentScanAnnotationParser#parse

public Set parse(AnnotationAttributes componentScan, final String declaringClass) {
	// 解析@ComponentScan注解，构建ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner
	// 构建方法中会添加默认的includeFilters为@Component
	ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this.registry,
			componentScan.getBoolean("useDefaultFilters"), this.environment, this.resourceLoader);
	Class generatorClass = componentScan.getClass("nameGenerator");
	boolean useInheritedGenerator = (BeanNameGenerator.class == generatorClass);
	scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(useInheritedGenerator ? this.beanNameGenerator :
			BeanUtils.instantiateClass(generatorClass));
	ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = componentScan.getEnum("scopedProxy");
	if (scopedProxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
		scanner.setScopedProxyMode(scopedProxyMode);
	}
	else {
		Class resolverClass = componentScan.getClass("scopeResolver");
		scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(resolverClass));
	}
	scanner.setResourcePattern(componentScan.getString("resourcePattern"));
	for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("includeFilters")) {
		for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
			scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter);
		}
	}
	for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("excludeFilters")) {
		for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
			scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter);
		}
	}
	boolean lazyInit = componentScan.getBoolean("lazyInit");
	if (lazyInit) {
		scanner.getBeanDefinitionDefaults().setLazyInit(true);
	}
	Set basePackages = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	String[] basePackagesArray = componentScan.getStringArray("basePackages");
	for (String pkg : basePackagesArray) {
		String[] tokenized = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(this.environment.resolvePlaceholders(pkg),
				ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
		Collections.addAll(basePackages, tokenized);
	}
	for (Class clazz : componentScan.getClassArray("basePackageClasses")) {
		basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(clazz));
	}
	if (basePackages.isEmpty()) {
		basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(declaringClass));
	}
	scanner.addExcludeFilter(new AbstractTypeHierarchyTraversingFilter(false, false) {
		@Override
		protected boolean matchClassName(String className) {
			return declaringClass.equals(className);
		}
	});
	// 开始扫描
	return scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));
}

可以发现注解的扫描最后会调用ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#doScan()，与XML中的扫描是同一个方法。

总结

• XML的扫描过程发生在obtainFreshBeanFactory()，也就是创建BeanFactory时，而注解的扫描过程发生在invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()。
• XML的扫描会在obtainFreshBeanFactory()时注入ConfigurationClassPostProcessor，而注解的扫描是在创建AnnotationConfigApplicationContext实例时注入ConfigurationClassPostProcessor，如果xml扫描到的类带有@ComponentScan注解，那么还会继续在invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()阶段继续扫描。

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