羽夏笔记——PE结构（不包含.Net）

写在前面

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在winnt.h头文件中有定义，32位win程序的PE结构和64位win程序的有所不同，但区别不大。

☀️ PE文件的整体结构

☀️ PE文件的两种状态

红色表示更多的空白

☀️ RVA与FOA转化

0. 如果文件对齐和文件对齐相同，则FOA == RVA。
1. 得到RVA的值:内存地址 – ImageBase
2. 判断RVA是否位于PE头中，如果是:FOA == RVA
3. 判断RVA位于哪个节:
   RVA >= 节.VirtualAddress
RVA <= 节.VirtualAddress +当前节内存对齐后的大小
差值 = RVA - 节.VirtualAddress

☀️ 空白区添加代码

1️⃣ 构造要写入的代码
【注】call指令后面的硬编码数据 = 要跳转的地址 - 指令当前的地址 - 5
2️⃣ 在PE的空白区构造一段代码（比如节表之间的空间）
3️⃣ 修改入口地址为新增代码
4️⃣ 新增代码执行后，跳回入口地址

☀️ 扩大节的步骤

1️⃣ 分配一块新的空间，大小为S
2️⃣ 将最后一个节的SizeOfRawData和VirtualSize改成N
N =(SizeOfRawData或者VirtualSize内存对齐后的值)+S
3️⃣ 修改SizeOflmage大小

☀️ 新增节的步骤

1️⃣ 判断是否有足够的空间，可以添加一个节表
2️⃣ 在节表中新增一个成员
3️⃣ 修改PE头中节的数量
4️⃣ 修改sizeOflmage的大小
5️⃣ 再原有数据的最后，新增一个节的数据(内存对齐的整数倍)
6️⃣ 修正新增节表的属性

☀️ 合并节的步骤

1️⃣ 按照内存对齐展开
2️⃣ 将第一个节的内存大小、文件大小改成一样
Max = SizeOfRawData>VirtualSize?SizeOfRawData:VirtualSize
SizeOfRawData = VirtualSize = 最后一个节的VirtualAddress + Max - SizeOfHeaders内存对齐后的大小
3️⃣ 将第一个节的属性改为包含所有节的属性.
4️⃣ 修改节的数量.

☀️ IMAGE_DOS_HEADER（64个字节）

这个结构体是给16位dos程序看的（e_magic 和 e_lfanew 例外）

typedef struct _IMAGE_DOS_HEADER {   // DOS .EXE header
    WORD   e_magic;                  // Magic number
    WORD   e_cblp;                   // Bytes on last page of file
    WORD   e_cp;                     // Pages in file
    WORD   e_crlc;                   // Relocations
    WORD   e_cparhdr;                // Size of header in paragraphs
    WORD   e_minalloc;               // Minimum extra paragraphs needed
    WORD   e_maxalloc;               // Maximum extra paragraphs needed
    WORD   e_ss;                     // Initial (relative) SS value
    WORD   e_sp;                     // Initial SP value
    WORD   e_csum;                   // Checksum
    WORD   e_ip;                     // Initial IP value
    WORD   e_cs;                     // Initial (relative) CS value
    WORD   e_lfarlc;                 // File address of relocation table
    WORD   e_ovno;                   // Overlay number
    WORD   e_res[4];                 // Reserved words
    WORD   e_oemid;                  // OEM identifier (for e_oeminfo)
    WORD   e_oeminfo;                // OEM information; e_oemid specific
    WORD   e_res2[10];               // Reserved words
    LONG   e_lfanew;                 // File address of new exe header
  } IMAGE_DOS_HEADER, *PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER;

1️⃣ e_magic PE指纹的第一部分，值为IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE/0x5A4D/"MZ"。
2️⃣ e_lfanew 指向PE头的偏移。

☀️ Dos Stub（Dos块）

是编译器生成的，没有啥用处，可以随意修改。

☀️ IMAGE_NT_HEADERS

typedef struct _IMAGE_NT_HEADERS {
    DWORD Signature;
    IMAGE_FILE_HEADER FileHeader;
    IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32 OptionalHeader;
} IMAGE_NT_HEADERS32, *PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS32;

typedef struct _IMAGE_NT_HEADERS64 {
    DWORD Signature;
    IMAGE_FILE_HEADER FileHeader;
    IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER64 OptionalHeader;
} IMAGE_NT_HEADERS64, *PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS64;

1️⃣ Signature PE指纹的第二部分，值为IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE/0x00004550/"PE"。
2️⃣ FileHeader 标准PE头，大小为20个字节，可以通过IMAGE_SIZEOF_FILE_HEADER宏获取。
3️⃣ OptionalHeader 扩展PE头。

☀️ IMAGE_FILE_HEADER

typedef struct _IMAGE_FILE_HEADER {
    WORD    Machine;
    WORD    NumberOfSections;
    DWORD   TimeDateStamp;
    DWORD   PointerToSymbolTable;
    DWORD   NumberOfSymbols;
    WORD    SizeOfOptionalHeader;
    WORD    Characteristics;
} IMAGE_FILE_HEADER, *PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER;

1️⃣ Machine 可以运行在什么样的CPU上。
任意CPU：IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN/0x0000；
Intel 386以及后续CPU: IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386/0x014C；
x64:IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64/0x8664。

下面是其中的所有成员:

#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN           0
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_TARGET_HOST       0x0001  // Useful for indicating we want to interact with the host and not a WoW guest.
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386              0x014c  // Intel 386.
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_R3000             0x0162  // MIPS little-endian, 0x160 big-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_R4000             0x0166  // MIPS little-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_R10000            0x0168  // MIPS little-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_WCEMIPSV2         0x0169  // MIPS little-endian WCE v2
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ALPHA             0x0184  // Alpha_AXP
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_SH3               0x01a2  // SH3 little-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_SH3DSP            0x01a3
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_SH3E              0x01a4  // SH3E little-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_SH4               0x01a6  // SH4 little-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_SH5               0x01a8  // SH5
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM               0x01c0  // ARM Little-Endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_THUMB             0x01c2  // ARM Thumb/Thumb-2 Little-Endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARMNT             0x01c4  // ARM Thumb-2 Little-Endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AM33              0x01d3
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_POWERPC           0x01F0  // IBM PowerPC Little-Endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_POWERPCFP         0x01f1
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_IA64              0x0200  // Intel 64
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_MIPS16            0x0266  // MIPS
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ALPHA64           0x0284  // ALPHA64
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_MIPSFPU           0x0366  // MIPS
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_MIPSFPU16         0x0466  // MIPS
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AXP64             IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ALPHA64
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_TRICORE           0x0520  // Infineon
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_CEF               0x0CEF
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_EBC               0x0EBC  // EFI Byte Code
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64             0x8664  // AMD64 (K8)
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_M32R              0x9041  // M32R little-endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64             0xAA64  // ARM64 Little-Endian
#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_CEE               0xC0EE

2️⃣ NumberOfSections 节的数量。
3️⃣ TimeDateStamp 编译器填写的时间戳与文件属性里面创建时间/修改时间无关，计算的是当前时间与1970年0时0点0分差的秒数。
4️⃣ PointerToSymbolTable / NumberOfSymbols 调试相关。
5️⃣ SizeOfOptionalHeader 扩展PE头的大小，可以修改合适的数值(默认情况下，32位PE文件:0xE0，64位PE文件:0xF0)。
6️⃣ Characteristics 文件属性。所有的成员如下：

#define IMAGE_FILE_RELOCS_STRIPPED           0x0001  // Relocation info stripped from file.
#define IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE          0x0002  // File is executable  (i.e. no unresolved external references).
#define IMAGE_FILE_LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED        0x0004  // Line nunbers stripped from file.
#define IMAGE_FILE_LOCAL_SYMS_STRIPPED       0x0008  // Local symbols stripped from file.
#define IMAGE_FILE_AGGRESIVE_WS_TRIM         0x0010  // Aggressively trim working set
#define IMAGE_FILE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE       0x0020  // App can handle >2gb addresses
#define IMAGE_FILE_BYTES_REVERSED_LO         0x0080  // Bytes of machine word are reversed.
#define IMAGE_FILE_32BIT_MACHINE             0x0100  // 32 bit word machine.
#define IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_STRIPPED            0x0200  // Debugging info stripped from file in .DBG file
#define IMAGE_FILE_REMOVABLE_RUN_FROM_SWAP   0x0400  // If Image is on removable media, copy and run from the swap file.
#define IMAGE_FILE_NET_RUN_FROM_SWAP         0x0800  // If Image is on Net, copy and run from the swap file.
#define IMAGE_FILE_SYSTEM                    0x1000  // System File.
#define IMAGE_FILE_DLL                       0x2000  // File is a DLL.
#define IMAGE_FILE_UP_SYSTEM_ONLY            0x4000  // File should only be run on a UP machine
#define IMAGE_FILE_BYTES_REVERSED_HI         0x8000  // Bytes of machine word are reversed.

☀️ IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER

typedef struct _IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER {
    WORD    Magic;
    BYTE    MajorLinkerVersion;
    BYTE    MinorLinkerVersion;
    DWORD   SizeOfCode;
    DWORD   SizeOfInitializedData;  
    DWORD   SizeOfUninitializedData; 
    DWORD   AddressOfEntryPoint;
    DWORD   BaseOfCode;
    DWORD   BaseOfData;
    DWORD   ImageBase;
    DWORD   SectionAlignment;
    DWORD   FileAlignment;
    WORD    MajorOperatingSystemVersion;
    WORD    MinorOperatingSystemVersion;
    WORD    MajorImageVersion;
    WORD    MinorImageVersion;
    WORD    MajorSubsystemVersion;
    WORD    MinorSubsystemVersion;
    DWORD   Win32VersionValue;
    DWORD   SizeOfImage;
    DWORD   SizeOfHeaders;
    DWORD   CheckSum;
    WORD    Subsystem;
    WORD    DllCharacteristics;
    DWORD   SizeOfStackReserve;
    DWORD   SizeOfStackCommit;
    DWORD   SizeOfHeapReserve;
    DWORD   SizeOfHeapCommit;
    DWORD   LoaderFlags;    //调试相关
    DWORD   NumberOfRvaAndSizes;    //目录表的个数（决定DataDirectory数组长度）
    IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY DataDirectory[IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES];
} IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32, *PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32;

typedef struct _IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER64 {
    WORD        Magic;
    BYTE        MajorLinkerVersion;
    BYTE        MinorLinkerVersion;
    DWORD       SizeOfCode;
    DWORD       SizeOfInitializedData;
    DWORD       SizeOfUninitializedData;
    DWORD       AddressOfEntryPoint;
    DWORD       BaseOfCode;
    ULONGLONG   ImageBase;
    DWORD       SectionAlignment;
    DWORD       FileAlignment;
    WORD        MajorOperatingSystemVersion;
    WORD        MinorOperatingSystemVersion;
    WORD        MajorImageVersion;
    WORD        MinorImageVersion;
    WORD        MajorSubsystemVersion;
    WORD        MinorSubsystemVersion;
    DWORD       Win32VersionValue;
    DWORD       SizeOfImage;
    DWORD       SizeOfHeaders;
    DWORD       CheckSum;
    WORD        Subsystem;
    WORD        DllCharacteristics;
    ULONGLONG   SizeOfStackReserve;
    ULONGLONG   SizeOfStackCommit;
    ULONGLONG   SizeOfHeapReserve;
    ULONGLONG   SizeOfHeapCommit;
    DWORD       LoaderFlags;
    DWORD       NumberOfRvaAndSizes;
    IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY DataDirectory[IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES];
} IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER64, *PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER64;

#define IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES    16

1️⃣ Magic 标识程序的位数。
32位程序为值为IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR32_MAGIC/0x10b。
64位程序为值为IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR64_MAGIC/0x20b。
2️⃣ AddressOfEntryPoint 程序入口，十分重要。
3️⃣ ImageBase 内存镜像基址。
4️⃣ SectionAlignment 内存对齐。
5️⃣ FileAlignment 文件对齐。
6️⃣ SizeOfImage 内存中整个PE文件的映射的尺寸，可比实际的值大，必须是SectionAlignment的整数倍。
7️⃣ SizeOfHeaders 所有头和节表按照文件对齐后的大小，否则加载会出错。
8️⃣ CheckSum 校验和，一些系统文件有要求用来判断文件是否被修改。
9️⃣ Subsystem 子系统，驱动程序值为1，图形界面值为2，控制台、DLL值为3。下面是其枚举：

#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN              0   // Unknown subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE               1   // Image doesn't require a subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_GUI          2   // Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CUI          3   // Image runs in the Windows character subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_OS2_CUI              5   // image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_POSIX_CUI            7   // image runs in the Posix character subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE_WINDOWS       8   // image is a native Win9x driver.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CE_GUI       9   // Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem.
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION      10  //
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER  11   //
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER   12  //
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_ROM              13
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_XBOX                 14
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION 16
#define IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_XBOX_CODE_CATALOG    17

1️⃣0️⃣ DllCharacteristics文件特性不是针对DLL文件的。下面是其枚举：

//      IMAGE_LIBRARY_PROCESS_INIT            0x0001     // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_LIBRARY_PROCESS_TERM            0x0002     // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_LIBRARY_THREAD_INIT             0x0004     // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_LIBRARY_THREAD_TERM             0x0008     // Reserved.
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_HIGH_ENTROPY_VA    0x0020  // Image can handle a high entropy 64-bit virtual address space.
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_DYNAMIC_BASE 0x0040     // DLL can move.
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_FORCE_INTEGRITY    0x0080     // Code Integrity Image
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_NX_COMPAT    0x0100     // Image is NX compatible
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_NO_ISOLATION 0x0200     // Image understands isolation and doesn't want it
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_NO_SEH       0x0400     // Image does not use SEH.  No SE handler may reside in this image
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_NO_BIND      0x0800     // Do not bind this image.
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_APPCONTAINER 0x1000     // Image should execute in an AppContainer
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_WDM_DRIVER   0x2000     // Driver uses WDM model
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_GUARD_CF     0x4000     // Image supports Control Flow Guard.
#define IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_TERMINAL_SERVER_AWARE 

1️⃣1️⃣DataDirectory 存储表位置大小的数组。不同的索引代表不同的表的数据，下面是其枚举：

#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT          0   // Export Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT          1   // Import Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_RESOURCE        2   // Resource Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXCEPTION       3   // Exception Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_SECURITY        4   // Security Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC       5   // Base Relocation Table
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG           6   // Debug Directory
//      IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COPYRIGHT       7   // (X86 usage)
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_ARCHITECTURE    7   // Architecture Specific Data
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_GLOBALPTR       8   // RVA of GP
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_TLS             9   // TLS Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_LOAD_CONFIG    10   // Load Configuration Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BOUND_IMPORT   11   // Bound Import Directory in headers
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT            12   // Import Address Table
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DELAY_IMPORT   13   // Delay Load Import Descriptors
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR 14   // COM Runtime descriptor

☀️ IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER

1️⃣ 大小可通过IMAGE_SIZEOF_SECTION_HEADER获取
2️⃣ 在内存的展开大小 = Max(Misc,SizeOfRawData)。如果此节为已初始化的变量，则 Misc > SizeOfRawData；若节为未初始化的变量则 Misc < SizeOfRawData。

#define IMAGE_SIZEOF_SHORT_NAME              8
typedef struct _IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER {
    BYTE    Name[IMAGE_SIZEOF_SHORT_NAME];
    union {
            DWORD   PhysicalAddress;
            DWORD   VirtualSize;
    } Misc;
    DWORD   VirtualAddress;
    DWORD   SizeOfRawData;
    DWORD   PointerToRawData;
    DWORD   PointerToRelocations;
    DWORD   PointerToLinenumbers;
    WORD    NumberOfRelocations;
    WORD    NumberOfLinenumbers;
    DWORD   Characteristics;
} IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER, *PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER;

1️⃣ Name ASCII字符串，可自定义，只截取8个。
2️⃣ Misc 该节在没有对齐前的真实尺寸，该值可以不准确。
3️⃣ VirtualAddress 在内存中的偏移地址,加上lmageBase才是在内存中的真正地址。
4️⃣ PointerToRawData 节区在文件中的偏移。
5️⃣ PointerToRelocations / PointerToRelocations / NumberOfRelocations / PointerToLinenumbers 调试相关。
6️⃣ Characteristics 节的属性。下面是其枚举：

//      IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_REG                   0x00000000  // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_DSECT                 0x00000001  // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_NOLOAD                0x00000002  // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_GROUP                 0x00000004  // Reserved.
#define IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_NO_PAD                0x00000008  // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_COPY                  0x00000010  // Reserved.
#define IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE                   0x00000020  // Section contains code.
#define IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA       0x00000040  // Section contains initialized data.
#define IMAGE_SCN_CNT_UNINITIALIZED_DATA     0x00000080  // Section contains uninitialized data.
#define IMAGE_SCN_LNK_OTHER                  0x00000100  // Reserved.
#define IMAGE_SCN_LNK_INFO                   0x00000200  // Section contains comments or some other type of information.
//      IMAGE_SCN_TYPE_OVER                  0x00000400  // Reserved.
#define IMAGE_SCN_LNK_REMOVE                 0x00000800  // Section contents will not become part of image.
#define IMAGE_SCN_LNK_COMDAT                 0x00001000  // Section contents comdat.
//                                           0x00002000  // Reserved.
//      IMAGE_SCN_MEM_PROTECTED - Obsolete   0x00004000
#define IMAGE_SCN_NO_DEFER_SPEC_EXC          0x00004000  // Reset speculative exceptions handling bits in the TLB entries for this section.
#define IMAGE_SCN_GPREL                      0x00008000  // Section content can be accessed relative to GP
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_FARDATA                0x00008000
//      IMAGE_SCN_MEM_SYSHEAP  - Obsolete    0x00010000
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_PURGEABLE              0x00020000
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_16BIT                  0x00020000
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_LOCKED                 0x00040000
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_PRELOAD                0x00080000
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1BYTES               0x00100000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_2BYTES               0x00200000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_4BYTES               0x00300000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_8BYTES               0x00400000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_16BYTES              0x00500000  // Default alignment if no others are specified.
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_32BYTES              0x00600000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_64BYTES              0x00700000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_128BYTES             0x00800000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_256BYTES             0x00900000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_512BYTES             0x00A00000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_1024BYTES            0x00B00000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_2048BYTES            0x00C00000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_4096BYTES            0x00D00000  //
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_8192BYTES            0x00E00000  //
// Unused                                    0x00F00000
#define IMAGE_SCN_ALIGN_MASK                 0x00F00000
#define IMAGE_SCN_LNK_NRELOC_OVFL            0x01000000  // Section contains extended relocations.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE            0x02000000  // Section can be discarded.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_NOT_CACHED             0x04000000  // Section is not cachable.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_NOT_PAGED              0x08000000  // Section is not pageable.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_SHARED                 0x10000000  // Section is shareable.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE                0x20000000  // Section is executable.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ                   0x40000000  // Section is readable.
#define IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE                  0x80000000  // Section is writeable.

☀️ IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY

typedef struct _IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY {
    DWORD   VirtualAddress;
    DWORD   Size;
} IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY, *PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY;

1️⃣ VirtualAddress 表在内存的RVA。
2️⃣ Size 表的大小，是指IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY结构体和其使用的所有数据之和，该值不会影响程序的运行。

☀️ IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY

typedef struct _IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY {
    DWORD   Characteristics;    //未使用
    DWORD   TimeDateStamp;      //时间戳
    WORD    MajorVersion;       //未使用
    WORD    MinorVersion;       //未使用
    DWORD   Name;               //指向该导出表文件名字符串的辅助性信息
    DWORD   Base;              //导出函数起始序号
    DWORD   NumberOfFunctions;  //所有导出函数的个数，但在导出函数序号不按套路出牌，可能不准确
    DWORD   NumberOfNames;      //以函数名字导出的函数个数
    DWORD   AddressOfFunctions;     // RVA from base of image
    DWORD   AddressOfNames;         // RVA from base of image
    DWORD   AddressOfNameOrdinals;  // RVA from base of image
} IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY, *PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY;

1️⃣ AddressOfFunctions 指向的表的成员的大小是4个字节。
2️⃣ AddressOfNames 指向的表的成员每一个以'\0'结束，以字符排序来进行。
3️⃣ AddressOfNameOrdinals 指向的表是给AddressOfNames看的，每一个对应在AddressOfFunctions的索引位置。

☀️ IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR（大小为20个字节）

 这结构体一个挨着一个，以空结构体为结尾（内容全为0的IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR）。

typedef struct _IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR {
    union {
        DWORD   Characteristics;            // 0 for terminating null import descriptor
        DWORD   OriginalFirstThunk;         // RVA to original unbound IAT (PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA)
    } DUMMYUNIONNAME;
    DWORD   TimeDateStamp;                  //时间戳
    DWORD   ForwarderChain;                 //不使用
    DWORD   Name;                           //指向Ascii字符串
    DWORD   FirstThunk;                     // RVA to IAT (if bound this IAT has actual addresses)
} IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR;
typedef IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR UNALIGNED *PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR;

0️⃣ 图解OriginalFirstThunk

☀️ IMAGE_THUNK_DATA

typedef struct _IMAGE_THUNK_DATA32 {
    union {
        DWORD ForwarderString;      // PBYTE 
        DWORD Function;             // PDWORD
        DWORD Ordinal;
        DWORD AddressOfData;        // PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME
    } u1;
} IMAGE_THUNK_DATA32;
typedef IMAGE_THUNK_DATA32 * PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA32;

typedef struct _IMAGE_THUNK_DATA64 {
    union {
        ULONGLONG ForwarderString;  // PBYTE 
        ULONGLONG Function;         // PDWORD
        ULONGLONG Ordinal;
        ULONGLONG AddressOfData;    // PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME
    } u1;
} IMAGE_THUNK_DATA64;
typedef IMAGE_THUNK_DATA64 * PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA64;

☀️ IMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME

typedef struct _IMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME {
    WORD    Hint;
    CHAR   Name[1];
} IMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME, *PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME;

☀️ IAT与INT

• PE加载前

• PE加载后

☀️ IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION (重定位表)

typedef struct _IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION {
    DWORD   VirtualAddress;
    DWORD   SizeOfBlock;
//  WORD    TypeOffset[1];
} IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION;
typedef IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION UNALIGNED * PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION;

☀️ 重定位表说明

若一个DWORD中的高4位为3，即为0011，则VirtualAddress + 其低12位为即为要修复的地址。