kubernetes-1.20.x二进制部署
资源规划
| 主机名 | ip地址 | 配置 | 角色 | 系统版本 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| k8s-master01 | 192.168.0.201 | 2C2G | master/Work | centos7.6 |
| k8s-master02 | 192.168.0.202 | 2C2G | master/Work | centos7.6 |
| k8s-master03 | 192.168.0.203 | 2C2G | master/Work | centos7.6 |
| k8s-k8s-master-lb | 192.168.0.200 | 无需资源 | k8s-master-lb | centos7.6 |
| k8s-node01 | 192.168.0.201 | 2C2G | Work | centos7.6 |
| k8s-node02 | 192.168.0.201 | 2C2G | Work | centos7.6 |
版本信息
| 信息 | 备注 |
|---|---|
| Docker版本 | 19.03.x |
| K8s版本 | 1.20.x |
| Pod网段 | 172.168.0.0/16 |
| Service网段 | 10.96.0.0/12 |
1.节点初始化
1.1.配置yum源 –所有节点
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
1.2安装基础工具 –所有节点
yum install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git -y
1.3关闭防火墙、selinux、dnsmasq、swap –所有节点
systemctl disable --now firewalld
systemctl disable --now dnsmasq
systemctl disable --now NetworkManager
setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config
1.4关闭swap分区 –所有节点
swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
sed -ri '/^[^#]*swap/s@^@#@' /etc/fstab
1.5安装ntpdata时间同步 –所有节点
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.wlnmp.com/centos/wlnmp-release-centos.noarch.rpm
yum install ntpdate -y
1.6时间同步 –所有节点
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone
ntpdate time2.aliyun.com
1.7加入crontab –所有节点
crontab -e
*/5 * * * * ntpdate time2.aliyun.com
1.8配置limit –所有节点
ulimit -SHn 65535
vim /etc/security/limits.conf #末尾添加如下内容
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 655350
* hard nproc 655350
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited
1.9 做本地hosts/或内网DNS（建议内网DNS） –所有节点
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.0.201 k8s-master01
192.168.0.202 k8s-master02
192.168.0.203 k8s-master03
192.168.0.200 k8s-master-lb # 如果不是高可用集群，该IP为Master01的IP
192.168.0.204 k8s-node01
192.168.0.205 k8s-node02
1.10做免密登录 –master01节点
ssh-keygen -t rsa
for i in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do ssh-copy-id -i $i;done
Master01节点免密钥登录其他节点，安装过程中生成配置文件和证书均在Master01 上操作，集群管理也在Master01上操作，阿里云或者AWS上需要单独一台kubectl服务器。因为阿里云的slb，后端服务器不允许反向连接slb，也可以在slb下面加一层haproxy，解决回环问题。
1.11 Master01下载安装所有的源码文件 –master01节点
mkdir -p /opt/k8s/haproxy/
cd /opt/k8s/haproxy/ ;git clone https://github.com/dotbalo/k8s-ha-install.git
1.12升级系统 –所有节点
yum update -y --exclude=kernel* #CentOS7需要升级，CentOS8按需升级
reboot
1.13升级内核 –master01节点
cd /opt/ && wget http://mirror.apad.pro/centos7/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm && wget http://mirror.apad.pro/centos7/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
1.13.1拷贝至其他节点 –master01节点
for i in k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do scp kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm $i:/opt/; done
1.13.2 安装内核 –master01节点
for i in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do ssh $i "cd /opt/ && yum localinstall -y kernel-ml*"; done
1.13.3更改内核启动顺序 –所有节点
grub2-set-default 0 && grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg
grubby --args="user_namespace.enable=1" --update-kernel="$(grubby --default-kernel)"
1.13.4查看默认内核版本 –所有节点
[root@k8s-master02 opt]# grubby --default-kernel
/boot/vmlinuz-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
1.13.5重启查看 –所有节点
reboot
uname -a
1.14安装ipvsadm –所有节点
yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y
1.15配置ipvs模块 –所有节点
在内核4.19+版本 nf_conntrack_ipv4 已经改为nf_conntrack, 4.18以下使用nf_conntrack ipv4 即可:
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
EOF
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack
vim /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf # 加入以下内容
ip_vs
ip_vs_lc
ip_vs_wlc
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_lblc
ip_vs_lblcr
ip_vs_dh
ip_vs_sh
ip_vs_fo
ip_vs_nq
ip_vs_sed
ip_vs_ftp
ip_vs_sh
nf_conntrack_ipv4
ip_tables
ip_set
xt_set
ipt_set
ipt_rpfilter
ipt_REJECT
ipip
1.15.1 重启机器查看是否正确加载 –所有节点
reboot
lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack
1.15.2 修改内核参数 –所有节点
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl =15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 16384
EOF
sysctl --system
2.基本组件部署
2.1docker安装 –所有节点
yum install docker-ce-19.03.* -y
由于新版kubelet建议使用systemd，所以把docker的CgroupDriver改成systemd
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF
2.1.2设置开机自启 –所有节点
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now docker
3 下载安装包
etcd链接地址
https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/blob/main/CHANGELOG-3.4.md
kubernetes链接地址
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/CHANGELOG
3.1创建存放安装包目录 –master01节点
mkdir -p /opt/k8s/src && cd /opt/k8s/src
3.2下载kubernetes和etcd安装包 –master01节点
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.7/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.13/etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz
3.3解压安装包 –master01节点
tar -zxvf etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/local/bin etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd{,ctl}
tar xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=3 -C /usr/local/bin kubernetes/server/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy}
3.4查看etcd版本 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# etcd --version
etcd Version: 3.4.13
Git SHA: ae9734ed2
Go Version: go1.12.17
Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64
3.4查看kubernetes版本 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubelet --version
Kubernetes v1.20.7
3.5 将组件拷贝至其他节点 –master01节点
MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
WorkNodes='k8s-node01 k8s-node02'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do echo $NODE; scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; scp /usr/local/bin/etcd* $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; done
for NODE in $WorkNodes; do scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; done
3.6创建 /opt/cni/bin 目录 –所有节点
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin #切换分支，切换到1.20.X分支（其他版本可以切换到其他分支）
cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/
git checkout manual-installation-v1.20.x
4. 生成证书
二进制安装最关键步骤，Master01下载生成证书工具
4.1下载证书生成工具 –master01节点
wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
4.2创建etcd证书目录 –所有节点
mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
4.3创建kubernetes相关目录 –所有节点
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki
4.4生成etcd证书 master01节点
cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/pki/
生成CA证书和CA证书的key
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca
签发etcd的客户端证书,可以在-hostname=xxxxxxx,此处多配置几个ip,方便以后扩容
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -hostname=127.0.0.1,k8s-master01,k8s-master02,k8s-master03,192.168.0.201,192.168.0.202,192.168.0.203 -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json |cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd
4.5将证书拷贝至其他节点 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# for NODE in $MasterNodes; do ssh $NODE "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl";for FILE in etcd-ca-key.pem etcd-ca.pem etcd-key.pem etcd.pem; do scp /etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE}; done done
4.6生成kubernetes证书 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca
10.96.0.0/24网段是k8s service的网段，如果说需要更改k8s service网段，就需要更改对应ip地址
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -hostname=10.96.0.1,192.168.0.200,127.0.0.1,kubernetes,kubernetes.default,kubernetes.default.svc,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local,192.168.0.201,192.168.0.202,192.168.0.203 -profile=kubernetes apiserver-csr.json |cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver
生成apiserver聚合证书
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert -initca front-proxy-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes front-proxy-client-csr.json |cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client
生成controller-manager证书
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes manager-csr.json |cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager
设置一个集群项
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.0.200:8443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
设置一个用户项
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager \
--client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
设置一个环境项，一个上下文
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
设置使用某个环境作为默认环境
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes scheduler-csr.json |cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.0.200:8443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler \
--client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/admin
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.0.200:8443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes-admin \
--client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes --user=kubernetes-admin --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
4.7创建ServiceAccount Key –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 2048
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# openssl rsa -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key -pubout -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
4.8拷贝证书至其他master节点 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do for FILE in $(ls /etc/kubernetes/pki|grep -v etcd); do scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE}; done; for FILE in admin.kubeconfig controller-manager.kubeconfig scheduler.kubeconfig; do scp /etc/kubernetes/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE};done; done
4.9查看证书文件 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# ll /etc/kubernetes/pki/
total 92
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1025 Jun 28 19:12 admin.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Jun 28 19:12 admin-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1444 Jun 28 19:12 admin.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1029 Jun 28 19:10 apiserver.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 Jun 28 19:10 apiserver-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1692 Jun 28 19:10 apiserver.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1025 Jun 28 19:10 ca.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Jun 28 19:10 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1411 Jun 28 19:10 ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1082 Jun 28 19:10 controller-manager.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 Jun 28 19:10 controller-manager-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1501 Jun 28 19:10 controller-manager.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 891 Jun 28 19:10 front-proxy-ca.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Jun 28 19:10 front-proxy-ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1143 Jun 28 19:10 front-proxy-ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 903 Jun 28 19:10 front-proxy-client.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Jun 28 19:10 front-proxy-client-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1188 Jun 28 19:10 front-proxy-client.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1679 Jun 28 19:17 sa.key
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 451 Jun 28 19:17 sa.pub
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1058 Jun 28 19:12 scheduler.csr
-rw-------. 1 root root 1679 Jun 28 19:12 scheduler-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1476 Jun 28 19:12 scheduler.pem
5.Kubernetes系统组件配置
5.1ETCD配置 –三台master节点
3台master的Etcd配置大致相同，注意修改每个Master节点的etcd配置的主机名和IP地址
5.1.1master01
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'k8s-etcd01'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: https://192.168.0.201:2380
listen-client-urls: https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: https://192.168.0.201:2380
advertise-client-urls: https://192.168.0.201:2379
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: k8s-master01=https://192.168.0.201:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.0.202:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.0.203:2380
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false
auto-compaction-mode: periodic
auto-compaction-retention: "1"
5.1.2 master02
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'k8s-etcd02'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: https://192.168.0.202:2380
listen-client-urls: https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: https://192.168.0.202:2380
advertise-client-urls: https://192.168.0.202:2379
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: k8s-master01=https://192.168.0.201:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.0.202:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.0.203:2380
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false
auto-compaction-mode: periodic
auto-compaction-retention: "1"
5.1.3master03
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'k8s-etcd03'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: https://192.168.0.203:2380
listen-client-urls: https://192.168.0.203:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: https://192.168.0.203:2380
advertise-client-urls: https://192.168.0.203:2379
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: k8s-master01=https://192.168.0.201:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.0.202:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.0.203:2380
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false
auto-compaction-mode: periodic
auto-compaction-retention: "1"
5.2创建service –所有Master节点
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=etcd
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos/etcd
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd --config-file=/etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=etcd.service
5.3创建etcd的证书目录，软链，并启动 –所有master节点
mkdir /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
ln -s /etc/etcd/ssl/* /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now etcd
5.4查看etcd状态 –所有master节点
etcdctl --endpoints="192.168.0.201:2379,192.168.0.202:2379,192.168.0.203:2379" --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem endpoint status --write-out=table
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# etcdctl --endpoints="192.168.0.201:2379,192.168.0.202:2379,192.168.0.203:2379" --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem endpoint status --write-out=table
+--------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| ENDPOINT | ID | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+--------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| 192.168.0.201:2379 | 6aa96476e0be7503 | 3.4.13 | 16 kB | true | false | 942 | 17 | 17 | |
| 192.168.0.202:2379 | c27d70d097466c8c | 3.4.13 | 20 kB | false | false | 942 | 17 | 17 | |
| 192.168.0.203:2379 | ba41e7802bd3a7a0 | 3.4.13 | 20 kB | false | false | 942 | 17 | 17 | |
+--------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
6.配置高可用 –所有master节点
高可用配置（注意：如果不是高可用集群，haproxy.和keepalived无需安装）
如果在云上安装也无需执行此章节的步骤，可以直接使用云上的lb，比如阿里云slb，腾讯云elb等
6.1安装haproxy –所有master节点
yum install haproxy -y
6.2配置HAProxy –所有master节点
vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
maxconn 2000
ulimit-n 16384
log 127.0.0.1 local0 err
stats timeout 30s
defaults
log global
mode http
option httplog
timeout connect 5000
timeout client 50000
timeout server 50000
timeout http-request 15s
timeout http-keep-alive 15s
frontend k8s-master
bind 0.0.0.0:8443
mode tcp
option tcplog
tcp-request inspect-delay 5s
default_backend k8s-master
backend k8s-master
mode tcp
option tcplog
option tcp-check
balance roundrobin
default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100
server k8s-master01 192.168.0.201:6443 check
server k8s-master02 192.168.0.202:6443 check
server k8s-master03 192.168.0.203:6443 check
6.2.1拷贝配置至其他节点 –master01节点
MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do scp -rp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg $NODE:/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg;done
6.3.安装keepalived –所有master节点
yum install keepalived -y
6.4配置KeepAlived –所有master节点
所有Master节点配置KeepAlived, 配置不一样，注意区分，注意每个节点的IP和网卡(interface 参数)
6.4.1配置keepalived主节点 –master01节点
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
script_user root
enable_script_security
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.201
virtual_router_id 51
priority 101
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
}
}
6.4.2配置keepalived备节点 –master02节点
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
script_user root
enable_script_security
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.202
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
}
}
6.4.3配置keepalived备节点 –master03节点
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
script_user root
enable_script_security
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.203
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
}
}
6.5创建keepalived健康检查脚本 –所有master节点
vim /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
err=0
for k in $(seq 1 3)
do
check_code=$(pgrep haproxy)
if [[ $check_code == "" ]]; then
err=$(expr $err + 1)
sleep 1
continue
else
err=0
break
fi
done
if [[ $err != "0" ]]; then
echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
/usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
6.5.1添加执行权限 –所有master节点
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh
6.5.2将脚本推送至其他master节点 –master01节点
MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do scp -rp /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh $NODE:/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh;done
6.6启动haproxy和keepalived –所有master节点
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now haproxy
systemctl enable --now keepalived
6.6.1测试keepalived是否正常
[root@k8s-master02]# ping 192.168.0.200
PING 192.168.0.200 (192.168.0.200) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.200: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=12.7 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.200: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.749 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.200: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.699 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.200: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.342 ms
#停止haproxy看是ip否漂移到其他节点,测试完记得启动haproxy和keepalived
systemctl stop haproxy
7.Kubernetes组件配置
7.1创建相关目录 –所有节点
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes
7.2 安装Apiserver –所有master节点
创建kube-apiserver service，#注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.0.200改为master01的ip
7.2.1配置kube-apiserver –所有master节点
注意本文档使用的k8s service网段为10.96.0.0/12，使用该网段则无需修改，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、Pod网段的重复，请按需修改，3台master的kube-apiserver.service一样，注意修改–advertise-address=ip
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--allow-privileged=true \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--insecure-port=0 \
--advertise-address=192.168.0.201 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379 \
--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub \
--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota \
--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem \
--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem \
--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator \
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
# --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
7.2.1拷贝配置文件至其他节点 –master01节点
MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do scp -rp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service ;done
7.2.2启动kube-apiserver –所有master节点
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable --now kube-apiserver
8.配置ControllerManager
注意本文档使用的k8s Pod网段为172.16.0.0/12，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、k8s Service网段重复，请按需修改，3台master的kube-controller-manager.service配置文件相同
8.1配置kube-controller-manager service –所有master节点
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig \
--leader-elect=true \
--use-service-account-credentials=true \
--node-monitor-grace-period=40s \
--node-monitor-period=5s \
--pod-eviction-timeout=2m0s \
--controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
--cluster-cidr=172.16.0.0/12 \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
8.1.1拷贝配置文件至其他节点 –master01节点
MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do scp -rp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service;done
8.1.2启动kube-controller-manager –所有master节点
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager
9.配置 Scheduler
9.1配置kube- Scheduler.service文件
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--leader-elect=true \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
9.1.1拷贝配置文件至其他节点 –master01节点
MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do scp -rp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service;done
9.1.2启动kube-scheduler –所有master节点
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable --now kube-scheduler
10配置TLS Bootstrapping
当集群开启了 TLS 认证后，每个节点的 kubelet 组件都要使用由 apiserver 使用的 CA 签发的有效证书才能与 apiserver 通讯；此时如果节点多起来，为每个节点单独签署证书将是一件非常繁琐的事情；TLS bootstrapping 功能就是让 kubelet 先使用一个预定的低权限用户连接到 apiserver，然后向 apiserver 申请证书，kubelet 的证书由 apiserver 动态签署；
10.1创建bootstrap –所有master
如果不是高可用集群，192.168.0.200:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/bootstrap
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.0.200:8443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user --token=c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=tls-bootstrap-token-user --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
如果要修改bootstrap.secret.yaml的token-id和token-secret，需要保证下图红圈内的字符串一致的，并且位数是一样的。还要保证上个命令的黄色字体：c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e与你修改的字符串要一致
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/bootstrap
[root@k8s-master01 bootstrap]# mkdir -p /root/.kube ; cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig /root/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master01 bootstrap]# kubectl create -f bootstrap.secret.yaml
11.Node节点配置
11.1.拷贝证书至Node节点 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 bootstrap]# cd /etc/kubernetes/
for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
ssh $NODE mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki /etc/etcd/ssl /etc/etcd/ssl
for FILE in etcd-ca.pem etcd.pem etcd-key.pem; do
scp /etc/etcd/ssl/$FILE $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/
done
for FILE in pki/ca.pem pki/ca-key.pem pki/front-proxy-ca.pem bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/$FILE $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE}
done
done
11.2.安装Kubelet
11.2.1创建相关目录 –所有节点
mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
11.2.2.配置kubelet service配置文件 –所有节点
vim /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.2"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' "
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS
11.2.3.配置kubelet service启动文件 –所有节点
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet
Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
11.2.4.kubelet的配置文件 –所有节点
如果更改了k8s的service网段，需要更改kubelet-conf.yml 的clusterDNS:配置，改成k8s Service网段的第十个地址，比如10.96.0.10（k8s的service网段开始设置的是10.96.0.0/12）
vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
cgroupDriver: systemd
cgroupsPerQOS: true
clusterDNS:
- 10.96.0.10
clusterDomain: cluster.local
containerLogMaxFiles: 5
containerLogMaxSize: 10Mi
contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
cpuCFSQuota: true
cpuManagerPolicy: none
cpuManagerReconcilePeriod: 10s
enableControllerAttachDetach: true
enableDebuggingHandlers: true
enforceNodeAllocatable:
- pods
eventBurst: 10
eventRecordQPS: 5
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 5m0s
failSwapOn: true
fileCheckFrequency: 20s
hairpinMode: promiscuous-bridge
healthzBindAddress: 127.0.0.1
healthzPort: 10248
httpCheckFrequency: 20s
imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
imageMinimumGCAge: 2m0s
iptablesDropBit: 15
iptablesMasqueradeBit: 14
kubeAPIBurst: 10
kubeAPIQPS: 5
makeIPTablesUtilChains: true
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
nodeStatusUpdateFrequency: 10s
oomScoreAdj: -999
podPidsLimit: -1
registryBurst: 10
registryPullQPS: 5
resolvConf: /etc/resolv.conf
rotateCertificates: true
runtimeRequestTimeout: 2m0s
serializeImagePulls: true
staticPodPath: /etc/kubernetes/manifests
streamingConnectionIdleTimeout: 4h0m0s
syncFrequency: 1m0s
volumeStatsAggPeriod: 1m0s
11.2.5启动kubelet –所有节点
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable --now kubelet
12.配置kube-proxy
如果不是高可用集群，192.168.0.200:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443
12.1.配置 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy
kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy --clusterrole system:node-proxier --serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy
SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy --output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')
JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/$SECRET --output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)
PKI_DIR=/etc/kubernetes/pki
K8S_DIR=/etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.0.200:8443 --kubeconfig=${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes --token=${JWT_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
12.2拷贝kube-proxy的systemd Service文件至其他节点 –master01节点
如果更改了集群Pod的网段，需要更改kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf的clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12参数为pod的网段。
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf
clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12
12.3分发配置文件 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install
for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
scp ${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
done
for NODE in k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
done
12.4启动kube-proxy –所有节点
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now kube-proxy
13. 安装calico
13.1.编辑配置文件 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/calico/
# 修改calico-etcd.yaml的以下位置
sed -i 's#etcd_endpoints: "http://:"#etcd_endpoints: "https://192.168.0.201:2379,https://192.168.0.202:2379,https://192.168.0.203:2379"#g' calico-etcd.yaml
ETCD_CA=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem | base64 | tr -d '\n'`
ETCD_CERT=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem | base64 | tr -d '\n'`
ETCD_KEY=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem | base64 | tr -d '\n'`
sed -i "s@# etcd-key: null@etcd-key: ${ETCD_KEY}@g; s@# etcd-cert: null@etcd-cert: ${ETCD_CERT}@g; s@# etcd-ca: null@etcd-ca: ${ETCD_CA}@g" calico-etcd.yaml
sed -i 's#etcd_ca: ""#etcd_ca: "/calico-secrets/etcd-ca"#g; s#etcd_cert: ""#etcd_cert: "/calico-secrets/etcd-cert"#g; s#etcd_key: "" #etcd_key: "/calico-secrets/etcd-key" #g' calico-etcd.yaml
# 更改此处为自己的pod网段
POD_SUBNET="172.168.0.0/12"
sed -i 's@# - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@g; s@# value: "192.168.0.0/16"@ value: '"${POD_SUBNET}"'@g' calico-etcd.yaml
13.2查看容器状态 –master01节点
容器状态异常可以使用kubectl describe 或者logs查看容器的日志
[root@k8s-master01 calico]# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-5f6d4b864b-wc28v 1/1 Running 0 7m22s
kube-system calico-node-2nstt 1/1 Running 0 7m16s
kube-system calico-node-jn8k9 1/1 Running 1 7m17s
kube-system calico-node-qmpdx 1/1 Running 0 7m20s
kube-system calico-node-s8ldq 1/1 Running 0 7m14s
kube-system calico-node-wp9pp 1/1 Running 0 7m22s
14.安装CoreDNS
如果更改了k8s service的网段需要将coredns的serviceIP改成k8s service网段的第10个IP
14.1.配置资源清单 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 calico]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/
[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# sed -i "s#10.96.0.10#10.96.0.10#g" CoreDNS/coredns.yaml
14.2.创建资源配置清单 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# kubectl create -f CoreDNS/coredns.yaml
14.3检查是否创建成功 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system |grep coredns
coredns-867d46bfc6-wr64l 1/1 Running 0 67s
14.4.最新版CoreDNS方式（不建议安装最新版） –master01节点
git clone https://github.com/coredns/deployment.git
cd deployment/kubernetes
# ./deploy.sh -s -i 10.96.0.10 | kubectl apply -f -
查看状态
[root@k8s-master01 kubernetes]# kubectl get po -n kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-746fcb4bc5-fwx4r 1/1 Running 0 27s
15.安装Metrics Server –master01节点
在新版的Kubernetes中系统资源的采集均使用Metrics-server，可以通过Metrics采集节点和Pod的内存、磁盘、CPU和网络的使用率
15.1.创建资源配置清单 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/metrics-server-0.4.x/
[root@k8s-master01 metrics-server-0.4.x]# kubectl apply -f comp.yaml
15.2.查看Metrics Server服务是否启动成功 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 metrics-server-0.4.x]# kubectl get po -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-5f6d4b864b-wc28v 1/1 Running 0 4h3m
kube-system calico-node-2nstt 1/1 Running 0 4h2m
kube-system calico-node-jn8k9 1/1 Running 1 4h2m
kube-system calico-node-qmpdx 1/1 Running 0 4h3m
kube-system calico-node-s8ldq 1/1 Running 0 4h2m
kube-system calico-node-wp9pp 1/1 Running 0 4h3m
kube-system metrics-server-595f65d8d5-p5jzr 1/1 Running 0 85s
15.3.验证metrics server服务 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl top nodes
NAME CPU(cores) CPU% MEMORY(bytes) MEMORY%
k8s-master01 323m 16% 1158Mi 61%
k8s-master02 286m 14% 1190Mi 63%
k8s-master03 298m 14% 1207Mi 64%
k8s-node01 135m 6% 690Mi 36%
k8s-node02 137m 6% 733Mi 39%
16.安装dashboard
Dashboard用于展示集群中的各类资源，同时也可以通过Dashboard实时查看Pod的日志和在容器中执行一些命令等。
16.1安装指定版本dashboard –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/k8s-ha-install/dashboard/
[root@k8s-master01 dashboard]# kubectl apply -f .
16.2安装最新版的dashboard –master01节点
# 官方GitHub地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
# 可以在官方dashboard查看到最新版dashboard
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.3.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
# 创建管理员用户vim admin.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
#创建
kubectl apply -f admin.yaml -n kube-system
16.3登录dashboard
16.3.1.更改dashboard的svc为NodePort –master01节点
kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
type: ClusterIP 改为----> type: ClusterIPNodePort
根据自己的实例端口号，通过任意安装了kube-proxy的宿主机或者VIP的IP+端口即可访问到dashboard
页面访问：https://192.168.0.200:32401/ #需为https
16.3.2查看token值 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 dashboard]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
17.集群验证
17.1安装busybox –master01节点
cat<<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: busybox
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: busybox
image: busybox:1.28
command:
- sleep
- "3600"
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
restartPolicy: Always
EOF
17.2验证步骤 –master01节点
- Pod必须能解析Service
-
- Pod必须能解析跨namespace的Service* 3. 每个节点都必须要能访问Kubernetes的kubernetes svc 443和kube-dns的service 53
-
- Pod和Pod之前要能通
4.1.同namespace能通信
4.2.跨namespace能通信
4.3.跨机器能通信
- Pod和Pod之前要能通
17.2.1检查过程 –master01节点
# 1.查看po是否启动成功
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 0 27s
#2.查看svc是否正常
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 2d
#3.查看Pod是否能能解析Service
[root@k8s-master01 CoreDNS]# kubectl exec busybox -n default -- nslookup kubernetes
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes
Address 1: 10.96.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
#4.查看Pod是否能解析跨namespace的Service
[root@k8s-master01 CoreDNS]# kubectl exec busybox -n default -- nslookup kube-dns.kube-system
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kube-dns.kube-system
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
17.2.2使用telnet命令验证 –所有节点
yum install -y telnet
# 所有机器 10.96.0.1 443 kubernetes svc 443
# 所有机器 10.96.0.10 53 kube-dns的service 53
[root@k8s-master01 CoreDNS]# telnet 10.96.0.1 443
Trying 10.96.0.1...
Connected to 10.96.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
[root@k8s-master01 CoreDNS]# telnet 10.96.0.10 53
Trying 10.96.0.10...
Connected to 10.96.0.10.
Escape character is '^]'.
17.2.3curl命令验证 –所有节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# curl 10.96.0.10:53
curl: (52) Empty reply from server
17.2.4容器验证 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get po -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-5f6d4b864b-wc28v 1/1 Running 0 5h53m
calico-node-2nstt 1/1 Running 0 5h52m
calico-node-jn8k9 1/1 Running 1 5h53m
calico-node-qmpdx 1/1 Running 0 5h53m
calico-node-s8ldq 1/1 Running 0 5h52m
calico-node-wp9pp 1/1 Running 0 5h53m
coredns-867d46bfc6-pl425 1/1 Running 0 17m
metrics-server-595f65d8d5-p5jzr 1/1 Running 0 111m
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get po -n kube-system -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
calico-kube-controllers-5f6d4b864b-wc28v 1/1 Running 0 5h53m 192.168.0.202 k8s-master02 <none> <none>
calico-node-2nstt 1/1 Running 0 5h53m 192.168.0.204 k8s-node01 <none> <none>
calico-node-jn8k9 1/1 Running 1 5h53m 192.168.0.202 k8s-master02 <none> <none>
calico-node-qmpdx 1/1 Running 0 5h53m 192.168.0.203 k8s-master03 <none> <none>
calico-node-s8ldq 1/1 Running 0 5h53m 192.168.0.201 k8s-master01 <none> <none>
calico-node-wp9pp 1/1 Running 0 5h53m 192.168.0.205 k8s-node02 <none> <none>
coredns-867d46bfc6-pl425 1/1 Running 0 17m 172.162.195.2 k8s-master03 <none> <none>
metrics-server-595f65d8d5-p5jzr 1/1 Running 0 111m 172.171.14.194 k8s-node02 <none> <none>
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl exec -it calico-node-2nstt -n kube-system -- sh
sh-4.4#
# 进入node01，跨主机ping通node02
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl exec -it calico-node-2nstt -n kube-system -- sh
sh-4.4# ping 192.168.0.205
PING 192.168.0.205 (192.168.0.205) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.205: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.07 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.205: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.268 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.205: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.422 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.205: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.512 ms
--- 192.168.0.205 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 48ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.268/0.568/1.073/0.305 ms
18. 生产环境关键性配置
18.1 Docker配置
18.1.1配置daemon.json文件 –所有节点
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{ "registry-mirrors": [
"https://registry.docker-cn.com",
"http://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"
],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"max-concurrent-downloads": 10, "max-concurrent-uploads": 5, "log-opts": { "max-size": "300m", "max-file": "2" }, "live-restore": true }
max-concurrent-downloads # 下载并发数,下载镜像相关
max-concurrent-uploads # 上传并发数,上传镜像相关
max-size # 日志文件最大到多少切割 （此处是300m）
max-file # 日志文件保留个数 （此处是2个）,按公司实际情况修改。
live-restore # 开启这个参数，重启docker不会影响上面的参数
# 所有节点改完重启docker
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker
18.2 kube-controller-manager配置 –所有master节点
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service #开启kubelet证书自动续期
# 找个位置加上,在三个master节点
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=876000h0m0s \
# 改完重启
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
18.3 kubelet配置
18.3.1更换配置文件 –所有节点
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# cat /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.2"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' --tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 --image-pull-progress-deadline=30m "
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS
此文件只是在原有的基础上，增加了k8s的加密方式:
--tls-cipher-suites=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
以及镜像拉取超时时间:
--image-pull-progress-deadline=30m
18.4 kubelet配置
在linux系统里，sysctls 接口允许管理员在运行时修改内核参数，参数存在于/proc/sys/虚拟进程文件系统里，参数涉及到很多子模块，例如:
-
内核(kernel)(常见前缀kernel.)
-
网络(networking)(常见前缀net.)
-
虚拟内存(virtual memory) (常见前缀 vm.)
-
MDADM(常见前缀dev.)
启用非安全sysctls
sysctls分为安全和非安全的，除了合理地划分名称空间外一个安全的sysctl必须在同一个节点上的pod间是隔离的，这就意味着为一个pod设置安全的sysctl需要考虑以下:
-
必须不能影响同一节点上的其它pod
-
必须不能危害节点的健康
-
必须不能获取自身pod所限制以外的cpu或内存资源
截至目前，大部分名称空间下的sysctls都不被认为是安全的，以下列出被kubernetes安全支持:
-
kernel.shm_rmid_forced
-
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
-
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies
谨慎修改！！！！！！
# 所有节点、添加如下配置-----注意:请根据生成环境配置
vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml
rotateServerCertificates: true
allowedUnsafeSysctls: #允许修改内核参数，按需修改，不是必须！！！
- "net.core*"
- "net.ipv4.*"
kubeReserved: #设置预留给k8s组件的资源（主要组件）
cpu: "10m"
memory: 10Mi
ephemeral-storage: 10Mi
systemReserved: #设置预留系统服务的资源
cpu: "1"
memory: 20Mi
ephemeral-storage: 1Gi
# 改完重启
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart kubelet
# 查看日志没报错就行
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
18.5 角色名字更改 –master01节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl label node k8s-master01 node-role.kubernetes.io/matser=''
node/k8s-master01 labeled
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready matser 20h v1.20.7
k8s-master02 Ready <none> 20h v1.20.7
k8s-master03 Ready <none> 20h v1.20.7
k8s-node01 Ready <none> 20h v1.20.7
k8s-node02 Ready <none> 20h v1.20.7
19、安装总结
1、 kubeadm
2、 二进制
3、 自动化安装
a) Ansible
i. Master节点安装不需要写自动化。
ii. 添加Node节点，playbook。
4、 安装需要注意的细节
a) 上面的细节配置
b) 生产环境中etcd一定要和系统盘分开，一定要用ssd硬盘。
c) Docker数据盘也要和系统盘分开，有条件的话可以使用ssd硬盘