OpenCV 最小二乘拟合方法求取直线倾角

    工业相机拍摄的图像中,由于摄像质量的限制,图像中的直线经过处理后,会表现出比较严重的锯齿。在这种情况下求取直线的倾角(其实就是直线的斜率),如果是直接选取直线的开始点和结束点来计算,或是用opencv自带的哈夫曼直线方法,都会引起较大的角度偏差,一般会达到好几度。误差这么大,显然达不到工控要求。后来尝试采取直线点集做最小二乘拟合,误差缩小到0.5以下。以下是算法的代码:

 

	//最小二乘拟合计算直线的倾角

	int pointCount = pointVect.size();

	if (pointCount > 0)

	{

		int xCount = 0;

		int yCount = 0;

		int xyCount = 0;

		int xxCount = 0;

		for (int i = 0; i< pointCount; i++)

		{

			xCount += pointVect.at(i).x;

			yCount += pointVect.at(i).y;

			xyCount += (pointVect.at(i).x * pointVect.at(i).y);

			xxCount += (pointVect.at(i).x * pointVect.at(i).x);

		}

		double k = (double)(pointCount * xyCount - xCount * yCount) / (double)(pointCount * xxCount - xCount * xCount);

		double sinValue = - k / (sqrt(1 + k * k));

		double radian = asin(sinValue);

	        double pi = 3.1415926535;

	        double angle = radian * 180.0 / pi;

	}


 

 

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