R语言——绘图函数深入学习

利用R自带数据集

通过data()函数可以查看R自带数据集。

> data()

返回以下结果,每一条记录都是一个数据,键入相应的数据名称可以查看具体信息。

Data sets in package ¡®datasets¡¯:



AirPassengers             Monthly Airline Passenger Numbers 1949-1960

BJsales                   Sales Data with Leading Indicator

BJsales.lead (BJsales)    Sales Data with Leading Indicator

BOD                       Biochemical Oxygen Demand

CO2                       Carbon Dioxide Uptake in Grass Plants

ChickWeight               Weight versus age of chicks on different diets

DNase                     Elisa assay of DNase

EuStockMarkets            Daily Closing Prices of Major European Stock

                          Indices, 1991-1998

Formaldehyde              Determination of Formaldehyde

HairEyeColor              Hair and Eye Color of Statistics Students

Harman23.cor              Harman Example 2.3

Harman74.cor              Harman Example 7.4

 

例如我们查看mtcars (Motor Trend Car Road Tests)的信息。

> mtcars

                     mpg cyl  disp  hp drat    wt  qsec vs am gear carb

Mazda RX4           21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46  0  1    4    4

Mazda RX4 Wag       21.0   6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02  0  1    4    4

Datsun 710          22.8   4 108.0  93 3.85 2.320 18.61  1  1    4    1

Hornet 4 Drive      21.4   6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44  1  0    3    1

Hornet Sportabout   18.7   8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02  0  0    3    2

Valiant             18.1   6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22  1  0    3    1

Duster 360          14.3   8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84  0  0    3    4

Merc 240D           24.4   4 146.7  62 3.69 3.190 20.00  1  0    4    2

Merc 230            22.8   4 140.8  95 3.92 3.150 22.90  1  0    4    2

Merc 280            19.2   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30  1  0    4    4

Merc 280C           17.8   6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90  1  0    4    4

Merc 450SE          16.4   8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40  0  0    3    3

Merc 450SL          17.3   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60  0  0    3    3

Merc 450SLC         15.2   8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00  0  0    3    3

Cadillac Fleetwood  10.4   8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98  0  0    3    4

Lincoln Continental 10.4   8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82  0  0    3    4

Chrysler Imperial   14.7   8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42  0  0    3    4

Fiat 128            32.4   4  78.7  66 4.08 2.200 19.47  1  1    4    1

Honda Civic         30.4   4  75.7  52 4.93 1.615 18.52  1  1    4    2

Toyota Corolla      33.9   4  71.1  65 4.22 1.835 19.90  1  1    4    1

Toyota Corona       21.5   4 120.1  97 3.70 2.465 20.01  1  0    3    1

Dodge Challenger    15.5   8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87  0  0    3    2

AMC Javelin         15.2   8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30  0  0    3    2

Camaro Z28          13.3   8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41  0  0    3    4

Pontiac Firebird    19.2   8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05  0  0    3    2

Fiat X1-9           27.3   4  79.0  66 4.08 1.935 18.90  1  1    4    1

Porsche 914-2       26.0   4 120.3  91 4.43 2.140 16.70  0  1    5    2

Lotus Europa        30.4   4  95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90  1  1    5    2

Ford Pantera L      15.8   8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50  0  1    5    4

Ferrari Dino        19.7   6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50  0  1    5    6

Maserati Bora       15.0   8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60  0  1    5    8

Volvo 142E          21.4   4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60  1  1    4    2

 

经典的鸢尾花数据集,包括花萼长度,花萼宽度,花瓣长度,花瓣宽度,品种 五个属性

共有150条记录。

> iris

    Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width    Species

1            5.1         3.5          1.4         0.2     setosa

2            4.9         3.0          1.4         0.2     setosa

3            4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2     setosa

4            4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2     setosa

5            5.0         3.6          1.4         0.2     setosa

6            5.4         3.9          1.7         0.4     setosa

7            4.6         3.4          1.4         0.3     setosa

8            5.0         3.4          1.5         0.2     setosa

9            4.4         2.9          1.4         0.2     setosa

10           4.9         3.1          1.5         0.1     setosa

11           5.4         3.7          1.5         0.2     setosa

12           4.8         3.4          1.6         0.2     setosa

13           4.8         3.0          1.4         0.1     setosa

14           4.3         3.0          1.1         0.1     setosa

15           5.8         4.0          1.2         0.2     setosa

16           5.7         4.4          1.5         0.4     setosa

17           5.4         3.9          1.3         0.4     setosa

18           5.1         3.5          1.4         0.3     setosa

19           5.7         3.8          1.7         0.3     setosa

20           5.1         3.8          1.5         0.3     setosa

21           5.4         3.4          1.7         0.2     setosa

22           5.1         3.7          1.5         0.4     setosa

23           4.6         3.6          1.0         0.2     setosa

24           5.1         3.3          1.7         0.5     setosa

25           4.8         3.4          1.9         0.2     setosa

26           5.0         3.0          1.6         0.2     setosa

27           5.0         3.4          1.6         0.4     setosa

28           5.2         3.5          1.5         0.2     setosa

29           5.2         3.4          1.4         0.2     setosa

30           4.7         3.2          1.6         0.2     setosa

31           4.8         3.1          1.6         0.2     setosa

32           5.4         3.4          1.5         0.4     setosa

33           5.2         4.1          1.5         0.1     setosa

34           5.5         4.2          1.4         0.2     setosa

35           4.9         3.1          1.5         0.2     setosa

36           5.0         3.2          1.2         0.2     setosa

37           5.5         3.5          1.3         0.2     setosa

38           4.9         3.6          1.4         0.1     setosa

39           4.4         3.0          1.3         0.2     setosa

40           5.1         3.4          1.5         0.2     setosa

41           5.0         3.5          1.3         0.3     setosa

42           4.5         2.3          1.3         0.3     setosa

43           4.4         3.2          1.3         0.2     setosa

44           5.0         3.5          1.6         0.6     setosa

45           5.1         3.8          1.9         0.4     setosa

46           4.8         3.0          1.4         0.3     setosa

47           5.1         3.8          1.6         0.2     setosa

48           4.6         3.2          1.4         0.2     setosa

49           5.3         3.7          1.5         0.2     setosa

50           5.0         3.3          1.4         0.2     setosa

51           7.0         3.2          4.7         1.4 versicolor

52           6.4         3.2          4.5         1.5 versicolor

53           6.9         3.1          4.9         1.5 versicolor

54           5.5         2.3          4.0         1.3 versicolor

55           6.5         2.8          4.6         1.5 versicolor

56           5.7         2.8          4.5         1.3 versicolor

57           6.3         3.3          4.7         1.6 versicolor

58           4.9         2.4          3.3         1.0 versicolor

59           6.6         2.9          4.6         1.3 versicolor

60           5.2         2.7          3.9         1.4 versicolor

61           5.0         2.0          3.5         1.0 versicolor

62           5.9         3.0          4.2         1.5 versicolor

63           6.0         2.2          4.0         1.0 versicolor

64           6.1         2.9          4.7         1.4 versicolor

65           5.6         2.9          3.6         1.3 versicolor

66           6.7         3.1          4.4         1.4 versicolor

67           5.6         3.0          4.5         1.5 versicolor

68           5.8         2.7          4.1         1.0 versicolor

69           6.2         2.2          4.5         1.5 versicolor

70           5.6         2.5          3.9         1.1 versicolor

71           5.9         3.2          4.8         1.8 versicolor

72           6.1         2.8          4.0         1.3 versicolor

73           6.3         2.5          4.9         1.5 versicolor

74           6.1         2.8          4.7         1.2 versicolor

75           6.4         2.9          4.3         1.3 versicolor

76           6.6         3.0          4.4         1.4 versicolor

77           6.8         2.8          4.8         1.4 versicolor

78           6.7         3.0          5.0         1.7 versicolor

79           6.0         2.9          4.5         1.5 versicolor

80           5.7         2.6          3.5         1.0 versicolor

81           5.5         2.4          3.8         1.1 versicolor

82           5.5         2.4          3.7         1.0 versicolor

83           5.8         2.7          3.9         1.2 versicolor

84           6.0         2.7          5.1         1.6 versicolor

85           5.4         3.0          4.5         1.5 versicolor

86           6.0         3.4          4.5         1.6 versicolor

87           6.7         3.1          4.7         1.5 versicolor

88           6.3         2.3          4.4         1.3 versicolor

89           5.6         3.0          4.1         1.3 versicolor

90           5.5         2.5          4.0         1.3 versicolor

91           5.5         2.6          4.4         1.2 versicolor

92           6.1         3.0          4.6         1.4 versicolor

93           5.8         2.6          4.0         1.2 versicolor

94           5.0         2.3          3.3         1.0 versicolor

95           5.6         2.7          4.2         1.3 versicolor

96           5.7         3.0          4.2         1.2 versicolor

97           5.7         2.9          4.2         1.3 versicolor

98           6.2         2.9          4.3         1.3 versicolor

99           5.1         2.5          3.0         1.1 versicolor

100          5.7         2.8          4.1         1.3 versicolor

101          6.3         3.3          6.0         2.5  virginica

102          5.8         2.7          5.1         1.9  virginica

103          7.1         3.0          5.9         2.1  virginica

104          6.3         2.9          5.6         1.8  virginica

105          6.5         3.0          5.8         2.2  virginica

106          7.6         3.0          6.6         2.1  virginica

107          4.9         2.5          4.5         1.7  virginica

108          7.3         2.9          6.3         1.8  virginica

109          6.7         2.5          5.8         1.8  virginica

110          7.2         3.6          6.1         2.5  virginica

111          6.5         3.2          5.1         2.0  virginica

112          6.4         2.7          5.3         1.9  virginica

113          6.8         3.0          5.5         2.1  virginica

114          5.7         2.5          5.0         2.0  virginica

115          5.8         2.8          5.1         2.4  virginica

116          6.4         3.2          5.3         2.3  virginica

117          6.5         3.0          5.5         1.8  virginica

118          7.7         3.8          6.7         2.2  virginica

119          7.7         2.6          6.9         2.3  virginica

120          6.0         2.2          5.0         1.5  virginica

121          6.9         3.2          5.7         2.3  virginica

122          5.6         2.8          4.9         2.0  virginica

123          7.7         2.8          6.7         2.0  virginica

124          6.3         2.7          4.9         1.8  virginica

125          6.7         3.3          5.7         2.1  virginica

126          7.2         3.2          6.0         1.8  virginica

127          6.2         2.8          4.8         1.8  virginica

128          6.1         3.0          4.9         1.8  virginica

129          6.4         2.8          5.6         2.1  virginica

130          7.2         3.0          5.8         1.6  virginica

131          7.4         2.8          6.1         1.9  virginica

132          7.9         3.8          6.4         2.0  virginica

133          6.4         2.8          5.6         2.2  virginica

134          6.3         2.8          5.1         1.5  virginica

135          6.1         2.6          5.6         1.4  virginica

136          7.7         3.0          6.1         2.3  virginica

137          6.3         3.4          5.6         2.4  virginica

138          6.4         3.1          5.5         1.8  virginica

139          6.0         3.0          4.8         1.8  virginica

140          6.9         3.1          5.4         2.1  virginica

141          6.7         3.1          5.6         2.4  virginica

142          6.9         3.1          5.1         2.3  virginica

143          5.8         2.7          5.1         1.9  virginica

144          6.8         3.2          5.9         2.3  virginica

145          6.7         3.3          5.7         2.5  virginica

146          6.7         3.0          5.2         2.3  virginica

147          6.3         2.5          5.0         1.9  virginica

148          6.5         3.0          5.2         2.0  virginica

149          6.2         3.4          5.4         2.3  virginica

150          5.9         3.0          5.1         1.8  virginica

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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